Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-68142 (GCVE-0-2025-68142)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 18:06 – Updated: 2025-12-17 18:51

Title

PyMdown Extensions has ReDOS bug in Figure Capture extension

Summary

PyMdown Extensions is a set of extensions for the `Python-Markdown` markdown project. Versions prior to 10.16.1 have a ReDOS bug found within the figure caption extension (`pymdownx.blocks.caption`). In systems that take unchecked user content, this could cause long hanges when processing the data if a malicious payload was crafted. This issue is patched in Release 10.16.1. As a workaround, those who process unknown user content without timeouts or other safeguards in place to prevent really large, malicious content being aimed at systems may avoid the use of `pymdownx.blocks.caption` until they're able to upgrade.

Severity ?

2.7 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CWE

CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extension…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extension…	x_refsource_MISC
	https://pypi.org/project/pymdown-extensions/10.16.1	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	facelessuser	pymdown-extensions	Affected: < 10.16.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2025-68142

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-16 18:16 - Updated: 2025-12-18 15:08

Severity ?

2.7 (Low) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/commit/b50d15a56850ed1408a284bba81cc019c6bd72e8
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/security/advisories/GHSA-r6h4-mm7h-8pmq
	security-advisories@github.com	https://pypi.org/project/pymdown-extensions/10.16.1

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "PyMdown Extensions is a set of extensions for the `Python-Markdown` markdown project. Versions prior to 10.16.1 have a ReDOS bug found within the figure caption extension (`pymdownx.blocks.caption`). In systems that take unchecked user content, this could cause long hanges when processing the data if a malicious payload was crafted. This issue is patched in Release 10.16.1. As a workaround, those who process unknown user content without timeouts or other safeguards in place to prevent really large, malicious content being aimed at systems may avoid the use of `pymdownx.blocks.caption` until they\u0027re able to upgrade."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-68142",
  "lastModified": "2025-12-18T15:08:06.237",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 2.7,
          "baseSeverity": "LOW",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "UNREPORTED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
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  },
  "published": "2025-12-16T18:16:16.693",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/commit/b50d15a56850ed1408a284bba81cc019c6bd72e8"
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    }
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}

GHSA-R6H4-MM7H-8PMQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-16 20:46 – Updated: 2025-12-16 20:46

Summary

PyMdown Extensions has a ReDOS bug in its Figure Capture extension

Details

Impact

This issue describes a ReDOS bug found within the figure caption extension (pymdownx.blocks.caption ).

In systems that take unchecked user content, this could cause long hangs when processing the data if a malicious payload was crafted.

Patches

This issue is patched in Release 10.16.1.

Workarounds

Some possible workarounds

If users are concerned about this vulnerability and process unknown user content without timeouts or other safeguards in place to prevent really large, malicious content being aimed at systems, the use of pymdownx.blocks.caption could be avoided until the library is updated to 10.16.1+.

References

The original issue https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/issues/2716.

Description

The original issue came through PyMdown Extensions' normal issue tracker instead of the typical security flow: https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/issues/2716. Because this came through the normal issue flow, it was handled as a normal issue. In the future, PyMdown Extensions will ensure such issues, even if prematurely made public through the normal issue flow, are redirected through the typical security process.

The regular expression pattern in question is as follows:

RE_FIG_NUM = re.compile(r'^(\^)?([1-9][0-9]*(?:.[1-9][0-9]*)*)(?= |$)')

The POC was provided by @ShangzhiXu

import re
import time

regex_pattern = re.compile(r'^(\^)?([1-9][0-9]*(?:.[1-9][0-9]*)*)(?= |$)')

for i in range(50, 500, 50):
    long_string = '1' * i + 'a'
    start_time = time.time()
    match = re.match(regex_pattern, long_string)
    end_time = time.time()
    print(f"long_string execution time: {end_time - start_time:.6f} s")

The issue with the above pattern is that . was used, which accepts any character when we meant to use \.. The fix was to update the pattern to:

RE_FIG_NUM = re.compile(r'^(\^)?([1-9][0-9]*(?:\.[1-9][0-9]*)*)(?= |$)')

Relevant PR with fix: https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/pull/2717

Version(s) & System Info

Operating System: Any
Python Version: Any

Severity ?

2.7 (Low)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "pymdown-extensions"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "10.16.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-68142"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-16T20:46:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-16T18:16:16Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThis issue describes a ReDOS bug found within the figure caption extension (`pymdownx.blocks.caption` ).\n\nIn systems that take unchecked user content, this could cause long hangs when processing the data if a malicious payload was crafted.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis issue is patched in Release [10.16.1](https://pypi.org/project/pymdown-extensions/10.16.1/).\n\n### Workarounds\n\nSome possible workarounds\n\nIf users are concerned about this vulnerability and process unknown user content without timeouts or other safeguards in place to prevent really large, malicious content being aimed at systems, the use of `pymdownx.blocks.caption` could be avoided until the library is updated to 10.16.1+.\n\n### References\n\nThe original issue https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/issues/2716.\n\n### Description\n\nThe original issue came through PyMdown Extensions\u0027 normal issue tracker instead of the typical security flow: https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/issues/2716. Because this came through the normal issue flow, it was handled as a normal issue. In the future, PyMdown Extensions will ensure such issues, even if prematurely made public through the normal issue flow, are redirected through the typical security process.\n\nThe regular expression pattern in question is as follows:\n\n```py\nRE_FIG_NUM = re.compile(r\u0027^(\\^)?([1-9][0-9]*(?:.[1-9][0-9]*)*)(?= |$)\u0027)\n```\n\nThe POC was provided by @ShangzhiXu\n\n```py\nimport re\nimport time\n\nregex_pattern = re.compile(r\u0027^(\\^)?([1-9][0-9]*(?:.[1-9][0-9]*)*)(?= |$)\u0027)\n\nfor i in range(50, 500, 50):\n    long_string = \u00271\u0027 * i + \u0027a\u0027\n    start_time = time.time()\n    match = re.match(regex_pattern, long_string)\n    end_time = time.time()\n    print(f\"long_string execution time: {end_time - start_time:.6f} s\")\n```\n\nThe issue with the above pattern is that `.` was used, which accepts any character when we meant to use `\\.`. The fix was to update the pattern to:\n\n```py\nRE_FIG_NUM = re.compile(r\u0027^(\\^)?([1-9][0-9]*(?:\\.[1-9][0-9]*)*)(?= |$)\u0027)\n```\n\nRelevant PR with fix: https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/pull/2717\n\n### Version(s) \u0026 System Info\n\n- Operating System: Any\n- Python Version: Any",
  "id": "GHSA-r6h4-mm7h-8pmq",
  "modified": "2025-12-16T20:46:05Z",
  "published": "2025-12-16T20:46:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/security/advisories/GHSA-r6h4-mm7h-8pmq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68142"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions/commit/b50d15a56850ed1408a284bba81cc019c6bd72e8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extensions"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/pymdown-extensions/10.16.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PyMdown Extensions has a ReDOS bug in its Figure Capture extension"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-68142 (GCVE-0-2025-68142)

FKIE_CVE-2025-68142

GHSA-R6H4-MM7H-8PMQ

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

References

Description

Version(s) & System Info

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature