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                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.316",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.4.262",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.10.188",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_tables: fix inverted genmask check in nft_map_catchall_activate()\n\nnft_map_catchall_activate() has an inverted element activity check\ncompared to its non-catchall counterpart nft_mapelem_activate() and\ncompared to what is logically required.\n\nnft_map_catchall_activate() is called from the abort path to re-activate\ncatchall map elements that were deactivated during a failed transaction.\nIt should skip elements that are already active (they don\u0027t need\nre-activation) and process elements that are inactive (they need to be\nrestored). Instead, the current code does the opposite: it skips inactive\nelements and processes active ones.\n\nCompare the non-catchall activate callback, which is correct:\n\n  nft_mapelem_activate():\n    if (nft_set_elem_active(ext, iter-\u003egenmask))\n        return 0;   /* skip active, process inactive */\n\nWith the buggy catchall version:\n\n  nft_map_catchall_activate():\n    if (!nft_set_elem_active(ext, genmask))\n        continue;   /* skip inactive, process active */\n\nThe consequence is that when a DELSET operation is aborted,\nnft_setelem_data_activate() is never called for the catchall element.\nFor NFT_GOTO verdict elements, this means nft_data_hold() is never\ncalled to restore the chain-\u003euse reference count. Each abort cycle\npermanently decrements chain-\u003euse. Once chain-\u003euse reaches zero,\nDELCHAIN succeeds and frees the chain while catchall verdict elements\nstill reference it, resulting in a use-after-free.\n\nThis is exploitable for local privilege escalation from an unprivileged\nuser via user namespaces + nftables on distributions that enable\nCONFIG_USER_NS and CONFIG_NF_TABLES.\n\nFix by removing the negation so the check matches nft_mapelem_activate():\nskip active elements, process inactive ones."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - nftables is accessed via nfnetlink socket (netlink), requiring local system access. This is a local attack vector via syscall/netlink interface.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the exploitation: they create the nftables rules with catchall map elements and NFT_GOTO verdicts, trigger repeated DELSET abort cycles to decrement chain-\u003euse to zero, then issue DELCHAIN. No race condition or special conditions beyond attacker control are needed.\nPR:L - nftables requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, but this capability is obtainable by an unprivileged user via user namespaces (unshare -Urn) since nfnetlink uses netlink_net_capable() which checks per-namespace capabilities. The commit message explicitly confirms exploitability from unprivileged users.\nUI:N - No user interaction is required. The attacker creates the nftables configuration, triggers the abort, and exploits the UAF entirely on their own.\nS:U - This is a standard local privilege escalation within the kernel. There is no crossing of virtualization or sandbox boundaries (no VM escape or IOMMU bypass).\nC:H - The use-after-free on the nft_chain structure allows the attacker to reclaim the freed memory with controlled data, providing arbitrary kernel memory read primitives. This is a well-known exploitation technique in nftables UAF bugs.\nI:H - The UAF enables heap spraying the freed chain object to gain arbitrary kernel memory write primitives, leading to full code execution in kernel context (local privilege escalation to root).\nA:H - The use-after-free will cause kernel crashes (oops/panic) when the dangling reference to the freed chain is accessed, and the attacker can trigger this reliably."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:20:18.504Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8c760ba4e36c750379d13569f23f5a6e185333f5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b9b6573421de51829f7ec1cce76d85f5f6fbbd7f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42c574c1504aa089a0a142e4c13859327570473d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1444ff890b4653add12f734ffeffc173d42862dd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b68a45f9722f2babe9e7bad00aa74638addf081"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f41c5d151078c5348271ffaf8e7410d96f2d82f8"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: nf_tables: fix inverted genmask check in nft_map_catchall_activate()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-23111",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-13T13:29:55.895Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:37:45.968Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:44:58.935Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}