CVE-2026-28783 (GCVE-0-2026-28783)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 16:50 – Updated: 2026-03-06 05:01
VLAI
Title
Craft has a Twig Function Blocklist Bypass
Summary
Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
craftcms cms Affected: >= 5.0.0-RC1, <= 5.9.0-beta.1
Affected: >= 4.0.0-RC1, <= 4.17.0-beta.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-28783",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-03-05T00:00:00+00:00",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T05:01:22.026Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "cms",
          "vendor": "craftcms",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 5.0.0-RC1, \u003c= 5.9.0-beta.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.0.0-RC1, \u003c= 4.17.0-beta.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 9.4,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-184",
              "description": "CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1336",
              "description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Craft has a Twig Function Blocklist Bypass"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-28783",
    "datePublished": "2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-03T14:25:19.244Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T05:01:22.026Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-28783",
      "date": "2026-07-13",
      "epss": "0.00464",
      "percentile": "0.37133"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-28783\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-03-04T17:16:21.690\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T10:29:02.200\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Craft es un sistema de gesti\u00f3n de contenido (CMS). Antes de 5.9.0-beta.1 y 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implementa una lista de bloqueo para evitar que funciones PHP potencialmente peligrosas sean llamadas a trav\u00e9s de funciones de flecha Twig no-Closure. Para poder ejecutar este ataque con \u00e9xito, se necesita tener allowAdminChanges habilitado en producci\u00f3n, o una cuenta de administrador comprometida, o una cuenta con acceso a la utilidad de Mensajes del Sistema. Varias funciones PHP no est\u00e1n incluidas en la lista de bloqueo, lo que podr\u00eda permitir a actores maliciosos con los permisos requeridos ejecutar varios tipos de cargas \u00fatiles, incluyendo RCEs, lecturas de archivos arbitrarias, SSRFs y SSTIs. Esta vulnerabilidad est\u00e1 corregida en 5.9.0-beta.1 y 4.17.0-beta.1.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"craftcms\",\"product\":\"cms\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003e= 5.0.0-RC1, \u003c= 5.9.0-beta.1\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"\u003e= 4.0.0-RC1, \u003c= 4.17.0-beta.1\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV40\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"4.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X\",\"baseScore\":9.4,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"attackRequirements\":\"NONE\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"HIGH\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"vulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"vulnIntegrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"vulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"subConfidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"subIntegrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"subAvailabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"exploitMaturity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"confidentialityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"integrityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"availabilityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackVector\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackComplexity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackRequirements\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedPrivilegesRequired\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedUserInteraction\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Safety\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Automatable\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Recovery\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"valueDensity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"providerUrgency\":\"NOT_DEFINED\"}}],\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"HIGH\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"CHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.3,\"impactScore\":6.0}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-03-05T00:00:00+00:00\",\"id\":\"CVE-2026-28783\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"total\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-94\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-184\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-1336\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartExcluding\":\"4.0.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"4.17.0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FD3AD543-D77F-4B2E-AF8D-1C7C724BD26D\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartExcluding\":\"5.0.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.9.0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"81B9164E-4845-4D81-A841-378CE4E32485\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"610F6DE9-720F-45B3-81D5-18E7F6B090FD\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"CC2F40FC-7C27-456A-B16D-679410D1D5CF\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FBAA8227-04F8-404C-907B-B0162B325F5A\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:4.0.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"21B28E2C-327A-4CE6-ACAD-97E459712A55\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:5.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"1C7461CF-35AB-48E1-88B6-956DAE1D2AB4\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:craft_cms:5.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"8D8E02D1-601A-4E2B-B619-4775BFDB72D0\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Issue Tracking\",\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-03-27T07:49:11+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-28783",
      "id": "CVE-2026-28783",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "Craft has a Twig Function Blocklist Bypass",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-28783.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-28783\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-03-04T17:33:33.420655Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-04T17:34:00.593Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Craft has a Twig Function Blocklist Bypass\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV4_0\": {\"version\": \"4.0\", \"baseScore\": 9.4, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"HIGH\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"craftcms\", \"product\": \"cms\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 5.0.0-RC1, \u003c= 5.9.0-beta.1\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 4.0.0-RC1, \u003c= 4.17.0-beta.1\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-94\", \"description\": \"CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-184\", \"description\": \"CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-1336\", \"description\": \"CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-28783\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-06T05:01:22.026Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-03-03T14:25:19.244Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-03-04T16:50:27.191Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.