CVE-2025-39841 (GCVE-0-2025-39841)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-19 15:26 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:05
VLAI
Title
scsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path Fix a use-after-free window by correcting the buffer release sequence in the deferred receive path. The code freed the RQ buffer first and only then cleared the context pointer under the lock. Concurrent paths (e.g., ABTS and the repost path) also inspect and release the same pointer under the lock, so the old order could lead to double-free/UAF. Note that the repost path already uses the correct pattern: detach the pointer under the lock, then free it after dropping the lock. The deferred path should do the same.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-10 20:42 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < ab34084f42ee06a9028d67c78feafb911d33d111 (git)
Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < baa39f6ad79d372a6ce0aa639fbb2f1578479f57 (git)
Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < 95b63d15fce5c54a73bbf195e1aacb5a75b128e2 (git)
Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < 55658c7501467ca9ef3bd4453dd920010db8bc13 (git)
Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < d96cc9a1b57725930c60b607423759d563b4d900 (git)
Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < 367cb5ffd8a8a4c85dc89f55e7fa7cc191425b11 (git)
Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < 897f64b01c1249ac730329b83f4f40bab71e86c7 (git)
Affected: 472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2 , < 9dba9a45c348e8460da97c450cddf70b2056deb3 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.1
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.299 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.243 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.192 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.151 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.105 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.46 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16.6 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Siemens RUGGEDCOM RST2428P Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XC-300/XR-300/XC-400/XR-500WG/XR-500 family Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XCH328 Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XCM324 Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XCM328 Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XCM332 Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRH334 (24 V DC, 8xFO, CC) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 12xFO) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 8xFO) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 12xFO) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 8xFO) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (24V DC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 12xFO) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 8xFO) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) Affected: 0 , < V3.3 (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC CN 4100 Affected: 0 , < V5.0 (custom)
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      "initial_release_date": "2025-09-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "3",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "scsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-39841.json",
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\"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-11T17:38:58.179Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"scsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"AV:N - The vulnerable code is the lpfc NVMe-over-Fibre-Channel target\u0027s receive path, processing FCP command and ABTS frames sent by a remote NVMe-oF initiator peer, directly analogous to nvmet-tcp; FC fabrics are also routable across sites via FCIP/inter-fabric routing and FCoE. Repo precedent (CVE-2026-43414, qla2xxx FC) scores FC-peer-triggered driver memory corruption as Network.\\nAC:L - The remote initiator controls both sides of the race \\u2014 it forces the deferred path by flooding the queue past its fod count (-EOVERFLOW) and drives lpfc_nvmet_ctxbuf_post() concurrently by sending ABTS for the same exchange \\u2014 and can retry at FC line rate until the unlocked free/clear window is hit.\\nPR:N - NVMe/FC provides no transport authentication and no TLS; hostnqn-based allow-lists are an authorization filter that a fabric-attached attacker can spoof, and ABTS frames reaching lpfc_nvmet_rcv_unsol_abort() require no established association at all. No privileges on the target host are needed.\\nUI:N - The race is triggered entirely by inbound FC frames processed asynchronously in the driver\u0027s interrupt/completion and workqueue contexts. No administrator or user action on the target system is required.\\nS:U - The double-free and use-after-free corrupt kernel heap and DMA-pool state within the target host\u0027s own kernel security authority. No VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\\nC:H - The freed rqb_dmabuf is re-read after kfree() (rqb_entry-\u003ehrq-\u003erqbp, hbuf.phys/dbuf.phys), and the double dma_pool_free() lets the same DMA buffer be handed to two live exchanges, so one initiator\u0027s data lands in another\u0027s buffer. Heap grooming around the freed slab object yields an arbitrary-read primitive.\\nI:H - lpfc_rq_buf_free() performs a list_del() write into the freed object and re-posts stale DMA addresses to the hardware RQ, causing the HBA to DMA attacker-supplied FC frame content into freed/reallocated kernel memory \\u2014 a remote, attacker-controlled kernel write primitive, plus double-free-based heap control.\\nA:H - The double kfree()/dma_pool_free() and freed-list corruption reliably produce slab corruption, BUG_ON in the allocator, or an oops in the interrupt-context completion handler, panicking the storage target host.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"ab34084f42ee06a9028d67c78feafb911d33d111\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"baa39f6ad79d372a6ce0aa639fbb2f1578479f57\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"95b63d15fce5c54a73bbf195e1aacb5a75b128e2\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"55658c7501467ca9ef3bd4453dd920010db8bc13\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"d96cc9a1b57725930c60b607423759d563b4d900\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"367cb5ffd8a8a4c85dc89f55e7fa7cc191425b11\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"897f64b01c1249ac730329b83f4f40bab71e86c7\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"472e146d1cf3410a898b49834500fa9e33ac41a2\", \"lessThan\": \"9dba9a45c348e8460da97c450cddf70b2056deb3\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/scsi/lpfc/lpfc_nvmet.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5.1\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"5.1\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.4.299\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.4.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.10.243\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.15.192\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.1.151\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.105\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.46\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.16.6\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.16.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.17\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/scsi/lpfc/lpfc_nvmet.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab34084f42ee06a9028d67c78feafb911d33d111\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/baa39f6ad79d372a6ce0aa639fbb2f1578479f57\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/95b63d15fce5c54a73bbf195e1aacb5a75b128e2\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/55658c7501467ca9ef3bd4453dd920010db8bc13\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d96cc9a1b57725930c60b607423759d563b4d900\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/367cb5ffd8a8a4c85dc89f55e7fa7cc191425b11\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/897f64b01c1249ac730329b83f4f40bab71e86c7\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9dba9a45c348e8460da97c450cddf70b2056deb3\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nscsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path\\n\\nFix a use-after-free window by correcting the buffer release sequence in\\nthe deferred receive path. The code freed the RQ buffer first and only\\nthen cleared the context pointer under the lock. Concurrent paths (e.g.,\\nABTS and the repost path) also inspect and release the same pointer under\\nthe lock, so the old order could lead to double-free/UAF.\\n\\nNote that the repost path already uses the correct pattern: detach the\\npointer under the lock, then free it after dropping the lock. The\\ndeferred path should do the same.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.4.299\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.10.243\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.192\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.151\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.105\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.46\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.16.6\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.17\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.1\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:05:34.724Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-39841\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:05:34.724Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T07:20:57.141Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-09-19T15:26:16.349Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.