Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-601

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

CVE-2026-56326 (GCVE-0-2026-56326)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:04 – Updated: 2026-06-23 12:12
VLAI
Title
Nuxt - Server-Side Open Redirect via Path-Normalization Bypass in navigateTo
Summary
Nuxt versions 4.0.0 before 4.4.7 and 3.x before 3.21.7 contain a server-side open redirect vulnerability in navigateTo that fails to properly validate path-normalized payloads like /..//evil.com and /.//evil.com. Attackers can bypass external-host checks using path-normalization techniques to redirect users to attacker-controlled sites via the Location header or meta-refresh, enabling phishing and OAuth authorization-code theft.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Nuxt Nuxt Affected: 4.0.0 , < 4.4.7 (semver)
Unaffected: 4.4.7 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Nuxt Nuxt Affected: 0 , < 3.21.7 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.21.7 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-02 00:00
Credits
alcls01111
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56330 (GCVE-0-2026-56330)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-20 15:24 – Updated: 2026-06-23 02:36
VLAI
Title
Capgo - Open Redirect via Unvalidated Stripe Billing URLs
Summary
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SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Capgo Capgo Affected: 0 , < 12.128.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 12.128.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-03-03 00:00
Credits
Judel777
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56332 (GCVE-0-2026-56332)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-20 15:24 – Updated: 2026-06-22 12:43
VLAI
Title
Capgo - Open Redirect via confirmation_url Parameter
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains an open redirect vulnerability in the confirm-signup endpoint that allows attackers to redirect users to arbitrary external websites. The confirmation_url parameter is not validated, enabling attackers to craft malicious links for phishing and credential harvesting attacks.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Capgo Capgo Affected: 0 , < 12.128.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 12.128.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-02-25 00:00
Credits
muhnabil04
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56697 (GCVE-0-2026-56697)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:04 – Updated: 2026-06-23 13:51
VLAI
Title
Nuxt - Open Redirect via Protocol-Relative Paths in reloadNuxtApp
Summary
Nuxt versions 4.0.0 before 4.4.7 and 3.x before 3.21.7 accept protocol-relative paths such as //evil.com in the reloadNuxtApp function; these pass the script-protocol check but resolve to a cross-origin URL against the current page protocol. Attackers can inject paths like //evil.com to redirect users to attacker-controlled hosts, enabling phishing and OAuth authorization-code theft.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Nuxt Nuxt Affected: 4.0.0 , < 4.4.7 (semver)
Unaffected: 4.4.7 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Nuxt Nuxt Affected: 0 , < 3.21.7 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.21.7 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-02 00:00
Credits
alcls01111
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-58450 (GCVE-0-2026-58450)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 21:07 – Updated: 2026-07-01 14:29 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Invoice Ninja 5.13.26 - Open Redirect in Client Portal Login via intended Parameter
Summary
Invoice Ninja through 5.13.26 contains an open redirect vulnerability in the client portal login that allows unauthenticated attackers to redirect authenticated victims to attacker-controlled external URLs by injecting a malicious value into the intended query parameter. Attackers can craft a client login link with an external URL in the intended parameter, which is stored in the session without host validation and emitted verbatim via a bare redirect in the ContactLoginController authenticated() handler after the victim completes a legitimate login, enabling phishing attacks.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
invoiceninja invoiceninja Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.13.26 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-17 00:00
Credits
George Chen
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-58520 (GCVE-0-2026-58520)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 17:14 – Updated: 2026-07-01 17:56
VLAI
Title
UrlShortener defaults to ineffective validation open to third-party redirects
Summary
URL redirection to untrusted site ('open redirect') vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - UrlShortener Extension allows Cross-Site Flashing. This issue affects Mediawiki - UrlShortener Extension: from * before 1.43.9, 1.44.6, 1.45.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL redirection to untrusted site ('open redirect')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
The Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - UrlShortener Extension Affected: * , < 1.43.9, 1.44.6, 1.45.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Krinkle DAlangi_WMF
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-59806 (GCVE-0-2026-59806)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 19:43 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:43 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Gradio < 6.20.0 - Open Redirect and SSRF via /gradio_api/file= endpoint
Summary
Gradio before 6.20.0 contains an open redirect and server-side request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to redirect users to arbitrary URLs or perform client-side SSRF by supplying unvalidated HTTP/HTTPS URLs to the file_fetch() function in the /gradio_api/file= endpoint. Attackers can craft a malicious FileData response targeting internal endpoints such as cloud metadata services to retrieve sensitive credentials including EC2 IAM role credentials.
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  • CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
gradio-app gradio Affected: 0 , < 6.20.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-05 00:00
Credits
George Chen
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-6203 (GCVE-0-2026-6203)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-13 22:25 – Updated: 2026-04-24 19:30
VLAI
Title
User Registration & Membership <= 5.1.4 - Unauthenticated Open Redirect via 'redirect_to_on_logout' Parameter
Summary
The User Registration & Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Open Redirect in versions up to and including 5.1.4. This is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied URLs passed via the 'redirect_to_on_logout' GET parameter before redirecting users. The `redirect_to_on_logout` GET parameter is passed directly to WordPress's `wp_redirect()` function instead of the domain-restricted `wp_safe_redirect()`. While `esc_url_raw()` is applied to sanitize malformed URLs, it does not restrict the redirect destination to the local domain, allowing an attacker to craft a specially formed link that redirects users to potentially malicious external URLs after logout, which could be used to facilitate phishing attacks.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
Credits
Louis Deschanel Pascal SUN Anthony Cihan
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-6795 (GCVE-0-2026-6795)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-07 12:58 – Updated: 2026-05-07 14:37
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in DivvyDrive Information Technologies' DivvyDrive
Summary
URL redirection to untrusted site ('open redirect') vulnerability in DivvyDrive Information Technologies Inc. DivvyDrive allows Parameter Injection. This issue affects DivvyDrive: from 4.8.2.9 before 4.8.3.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL redirection to untrusted site ('open redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
DivvyDrive Information Technologies Inc. DivvyDrive Affected: 4.8.2.9 , < 4.8.3.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-05-07 12:55
Credits
Alperen KESKİN
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-7504 (GCVE-0-2026-7504)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-19 11:01 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:10
VLAI
Title
Org.keycloak/keycloak-services: open redirect when using wildcard valid redirect uris in keycloak
Summary
A flaw was found in Keycloak's URL validation logic during redirect operations. By crafting a malicious request, an attacker could bypass validation to redirect users to unauthorized URLs, potentially leading to the exposure of sensitive information within the domain or facilitating further attacks. This vulnerability specifically affects Keycloak clients configured with a wildcard (*) in the "Valid Redirect URIs" field and requires user interaction to be successfully exploited. The issue stems from a discrepancy in how Keycloak and the underlying Java URI implementation handle the user-info component of a URL. If a malicious redirect URL is constructed using multiple @ characters in the user-info section, Java's URI parser fails to extract the user-info, leaving only the raw authority field. Consequently, Keycloak's validation check fails to detect the malformed user-info, falls back to a wildcard comparison, and incorrectly permits the malicious redirect.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2 Unaffected: 26.2.16-1 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.2::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2 Unaffected: 26.2-21 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.2::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2.16     cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.2::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.4 Unaffected: 26.4.12-1 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.4::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.4 Unaffected: 26.4-17 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.4::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.4.12     cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.4::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2     cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.2::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.4     cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.4::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-05-19 10:52
Credits
Red Hat would like to thank Duarte Antunes (Intapp) and João Mendes (Intapp) for reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.2

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation ID: MIT-6

Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Description:

  • Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.

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