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CWE-601
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
CVE-2026-40299 (GCVE-0-2026-40299)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 20:49 – Updated: 2026-04-20 15:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
next-intl has an open redirect vulnerability
Summary
next-intl provides internationalization for Next.js. Applications using the `next-intl` middleware prior to version 4.9.1with `localePrefix: 'as-needed'` could construct URLs where path handling and the WHATWG URL parser resolved a relative redirect target to another host (e.g. scheme-relative `//` or control characters stripped by the URL parser), so the middleware could redirect the browser off-site while the user still started from a trusted app URL. The problem has been patchedin `next-intl@4.9.1`.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/amannn/next-intl/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/amannn/next-intl/pull/2304 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/amannn/next-intl/commit/1c80b6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/amannn/next-intl/releases/tag/v4.9.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-40332 (GCVE-0-2026-40332)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-06 20:13 – Updated: 2026-05-07 14:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Masa CMS open redirect via improper handling of scheme-relative URLs
Summary
Masa CMS is affected by an Open Redirect vulnerability due to improper handling of scheme-relative URLs. The application incorrectly interprets paths beginning with double slashes (//) as internal paths, failing to validate the redirect target before processing. The application treats these values as internal paths and processes them without confirming that the redirect target remains on the local site.
An attacker can craft a URL on the trusted Masa CMS domain that redirects a victim to an external attacker-controlled site. This can be used for phishing and, in some authentication flows, may expose tokens or other sensitive data to the external site. This issue has been fixed in versions 7.2.10, 7.3.15, 7.4.10, and 7.5.3. As a workaround, reject or rewrite redirect parameters that begin with // and consider disabling forceDirectoryStructure if compatible with the deployment.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MasaCMS/MasaCMS/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-40905 (GCVE-0-2026-40905)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 20:02 – Updated: 2026-04-21 20:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LinkAce: Password Reset Poisoning via X-Forwarded-Host Header Injection Leading to Account Takeover
Summary
LinkAce is a self-hosted archive to collect website links. Prior to 2.5.4, a password reset poisoning vulnerability was identified in the application due to improper trust of user-controlled HTTP headers. The application uses the X-Forwarded-Host header when generating password reset URLs. By manipulating this header during a password reset request, an attacker can inject an attacker-controlled domain into the reset link sent via email. As a result, the victim receives a password reset email containing a malicious link pointing to an attacker-controlled domain. When the victim clicks the link, the password reset token is transmitted to the attacker-controlled server. An attacker can capture this token and use it to reset the victim’s password, leading to full account takeover. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.4.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Kovah/LinkAce/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-40961 (GCVE-0-2026-40961)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 07:55 – Updated: 2026-06-02 16:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Airflow: Open Redirect Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
A bug in the login redirect route in Apache Airflow allowed authenticated users to craft URLs that bypassed the `is_safe_url` check, enabling redirection from a trusted Airflow domain to an attacker-controlled origin. Users are advised to upgrade to `apache-airflow` 3.2.2 or later. As a defense-in-depth mitigation, deployment operators can place Airflow behind a reverse proxy that strips off-domain `next=` query parameters before they reach the login endpoint.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (Open Redirect)
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Airflow |
Affected:
3.0.0 , < 3.2.2
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-41008 (GCVE-0-2026-41008)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 23:47 – Updated: 2026-06-27 21:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Spring Security Authorization Server Open Redirect via request_uri
Summary
Spring Security Authorization Server's authorization endpoint performs insufficient validation of the request_uri parameter. An attacker can craft a malicious authorization request containing an invalid request_uri and an arbitrary, unvalidated redirect_uri, which can lead to an Open Redirect vulnerability.
Affected versions:
Spring Security 7.0.0 through 7.0.5.
Spring Authorization Server 1.5.0 through 1.5.7.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (Open Redirect)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | Spring Security |
Affected:
7.0.0 , < 7.0.5.1
(custom)
|
|
| Spring | Spring Authorization Server |
Affected:
1.5.0 , < 1.5.7.1
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-41106 (GCVE-0-2026-41106)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 22:18 – Updated: 2026-07-08 20:43 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft 365 Copilot Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Url redirection to untrusted site ('open redirect') in M365 Copilot allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Copilot |
Affected:
-
|
Date Public
2026-07-02 14:00
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CVE-2026-41126 (GCVE-0-2026-41126)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 23:22 – Updated: 2026-04-22 14:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BigBlueButton has Open Redirect through bigbluebutton/api/join via get-parameter "logoutURL"
Summary
BigBlueButton is an open-source virtual classroom. Versions prior to 3.0.24 have an Open Redirect through bigbluebutton/api/join via get-parameter "logoutURL." Version 3.0.24 has adjusted the handling of requests with incorrect checksum so that the default logoutURL is used. No known workarounds are available.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bigbluebutton/bigbluebutton/se… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bigbluebutton | bigbluebutton |
Affected:
< 3.0.24
|
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CVE-2026-41226 (GCVE-0-2026-41226)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-30 06:08 – Updated: 2026-05-01 06:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Open redirect vulnerability exists in Multiple laser printers and MFPs which implement Ricoh Web Image Monitor. When accessing a specially crafted URL, the user may be redirected to an arbitrary website. As a result, the user may become a victim of a phishing attack.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL redirection to untrusted site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Multiple laser printers and MFPs which implement Web Image Monitor |
Affected:
see the information provided by the vendor
|
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CVE-2026-41479 (GCVE-0-2026-41479)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 20:35 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authlib OAuth 2.0 authorization endpoint open redirects to attacker-controlled redirect_uri on unsupported response_type
Summary
Authlib is a Python library which builds OAuth and OpenID Connect servers. Prior to 1.6.10 and 1.7.1, Authlib's OAuth 2.0 authorization endpoint can be turned into an unauthenticated open redirect when a request uses an unsupported response_type and supplies an attacker-controlled redirect_uri. The vulnerable behavior happens before client lookup and before any redirect URI validation. As a result, an attacker does not need a valid client registration, an authenticated user, or any prior state. A single request to the authorization endpoint is enough to obtain a 302 Location response to an arbitrary attacker-controlled URL. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.6.10 and 1.7.1.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/authlib/authlib/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/authlib/authlib/commit/3be0846… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-41513 (GCVE-0-2026-41513)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:43 – Updated: 2026-05-13 12:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Horilla: Open Redirect via Unvalidated `next` Parameter in Notification Endpoints
Summary
Horilla is an HR and CRM software. In 1.5.0, the notification endpoints trust the unvalidated next parameter and redirect users to arbitrary external URLs. This allows an attacker to turn trusted application links into phishing or social-engineering redirects.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/horilla/horilla-hr/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/horilla/horilla-hr/commit/734f… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| horilla | horilla-hr |
Affected:
<= 1.5.0
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-41513",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-05-13T12:42:34.845938Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
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"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-13T12:43:21.433Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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"references": [
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"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/horilla/horilla-hr/security/advisories/GHSA-vqg4-fc32-cwvw"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "horilla-hr",
"vendor": "horilla",
"versions": [
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"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c= 1.5.0"
}
]
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],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Horilla is an HR and CRM software. In 1.5.0, the notification endpoints trust the unvalidated next parameter and redirect users to arbitrary external URLs. This allows an attacker to turn trusted application links into phishing or social-engineering redirects."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 4.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-601",
"description": "CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
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"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T16:43:50.706Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
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"references": [
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"name": "https://github.com/horilla/horilla-hr/security/advisories/GHSA-vqg4-fc32-cwvw",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
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"url": "https://github.com/horilla/horilla-hr/security/advisories/GHSA-vqg4-fc32-cwvw"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/horilla/horilla-hr/commit/734f0c7ed4ac96fe8615d1b592180ea8a46eb8b6",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/horilla/horilla-hr/commit/734f0c7ed4ac96fe8615d1b592180ea8a46eb8b6"
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],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-vqg4-fc32-cwvw",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Horilla: Open Redirect via Unvalidated `next` Parameter in Notification Endpoints"
}
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"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-41513",
"datePublished": "2026-05-12T16:43:50.706Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-20T18:18:50.681Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-13T12:43:21.433Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.2
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation ID: MIT-6
Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Description:
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.