CWE-862
Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
14837 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5PCX-3RJP-RM45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 03:31 – Updated: 2024-07-09 03:31The Media Hygiene: Remove or Delete Unused Images and More! plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the bulk_action_delete and delete_single_image_call AJAX actions in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete arbitrary attachments. A nonce check was added in version 3.0.1, however, it wasn't until version 3.0.2 that a capability check was added.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5855"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T02:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Media Hygiene: Remove or Delete Unused Images and More! plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the bulk_action_delete and delete_single_image_call AJAX actions in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete arbitrary attachments. A nonce check was added in version 3.0.1, however, it wasn\u0027t until version 3.0.2 that a capability check was added.",
"id": "GHSA-5pcx-3rjp-rm45",
"modified": "2024-07-09T03:31:44Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T03:31:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5855"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3112249%40media-hygiene\u0026new=3112249%40media-hygiene\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/44b02690-462a-458b-88c9-89acc9c209cb?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PGF-H923-M958
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-24 16:59 – Updated: 2026-03-25 21:00Summary
An unauthenticated user can call assets/generate-transform with a private assetId, receive a valid transform URL, and fetch transformed image bytes.
The endpoint is anonymous and does not enforce per-asset authorization before returning the transform URL.
Details
Root cause: - Anonymous endpoint accepts user-controlled asset reference. - It creates and returns a transform URL for that asset without checking access rights. - If the transform output is reachable, guest users can read content derived from private assets.
Who is impacted:
- Installations where private source assets can be transformed and transform URLs are reachable.
Security consequence:
- Anonymous users can obtain content derived from private assets without authentication.
Resources
https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7290d91639e
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.9.13"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "craftcms/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0-RC1"
},
{
"fixed": "5.9.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.17.7"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "craftcms/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0-RC1"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33160"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-24T16:59:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-24T18:16:10Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nAn unauthenticated user can call `assets/generate-transform` with a private `assetId`, receive a valid transform URL, and fetch transformed image bytes.\n\nThe endpoint is anonymous and does not enforce per-asset authorization before returning the transform URL.\n\n### Details\n\nRoot cause:\n- Anonymous endpoint accepts user-controlled asset reference.\n- It creates and returns a transform URL for that asset without checking access rights.\n- If the transform output is reachable, guest users can read content derived from private assets.\n\nWho is impacted:\n\n- Installations where private source assets can be transformed and transform URLs are reachable.\n\nSecurity consequence:\n\n - Anonymous users can obtain content derived from private assets without authentication.\n\n### Resources\n\nhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7290d91639e",
"id": "GHSA-5pgf-h923-m958",
"modified": "2026-03-25T21:00:12Z",
"published": "2026-03-24T16:59:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5pgf-h923-m958"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7290d91639e5e3a4f7e221dfbef95c9b77331860"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/releases/tag/4.17.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/releases/tag/5.9.14"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Craft CMS may expose private assets through anonymous \"generate transform\" calls via transform URL"
}
GHSA-5PHJ-QV74-PV4W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-18 00:00 – Updated: 2022-12-02 20:48Jenkins GitLab Plugin 1.5.31 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint, allowing attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate credentials IDs of credentials stored in Jenkins. An enumeration of credentials IDs in GitLab Plugin 1.5.32 requires the appropriate permissions.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:gitlab-plugin"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.32"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30955"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-02T14:54:48Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-17T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins GitLab Plugin 1.5.31 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint, allowing attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate credentials IDs of credentials stored in Jenkins. An enumeration of credentials IDs in GitLab Plugin 1.5.32 requires the appropriate permissions.",
"id": "GHSA-5phj-qv74-pv4w",
"modified": "2022-12-02T20:48:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-18T00:00:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30955"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/gitlab-plugin/commit/37e48ca920a4779109b885f4de62111e0baf846a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/gitlab-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-05-17/#SECURITY-2753"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Missing permission check in Jenkins GitLab Plugin"
}
GHSA-5PJF-MW33-C6C3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 15:30 – Updated: 2025-07-25 15:30The WP Wallcreeper plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the admin_notices hook in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to enable and disable caching.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-7822"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-24T10:15:28Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The WP Wallcreeper plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the admin_notices hook in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to enable and disable caching.",
"id": "GHSA-5pjf-mw33-c6c3",
"modified": "2025-07-25T15:30:44Z",
"published": "2025-07-25T15:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7822"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-wallcreeper/trunk/wp-wallcreeper.php#L166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/629f36e3-f4a4-43a6-a98b-960088c8dd77?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PJH-5GPX-359V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:19Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow authenticated but non-admin remote attackers to edit email batch configurations via an Improper Authorization vulnerability in the /secure/admin/ConfigureBatching!default.jspa endpoint. The affected versions are before version 8.21.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41313"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-01T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allow authenticated but non-admin remote attackers to edit email batch configurations via an Improper Authorization vulnerability in the /secure/admin/ConfigureBatching!default.jspa endpoint. The affected versions are before version 8.21.0.",
"id": "GHSA-5pjh-5gpx-359v",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:19:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:19:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-72898"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PP7-M8X8-RC82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-17 00:31 – Updated: 2025-09-17 19:14Liferay Portal 7.3.0 through 7.4.3.111, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.4, 7.4 GA through update 92, and 7.3 GA through update 35 does not perform an authorization check when users attempt to view a display page template, which allows remote attackers to view display page templates via crafted URLs.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.asset.display.page.service"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.55"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43805"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-17T19:14:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-16T22:15:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Liferay Portal 7.3.0 through 7.4.3.111, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.4, 7.4 GA through update 92, and 7.3 GA through update 35 does not perform an authorization check when users attempt to view a display page template, which allows remote attackers to view display page templates via crafted URLs.",
"id": "GHSA-5pp7-m8x8-rc82",
"modified": "2025-09-17T19:14:47Z",
"published": "2025-09-17T00:31:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43805"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/compare/7.4.3.111-ga111...7.4.3.112-ga112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://liferay.dev/portal/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/jekt/content/CVE-2025-43805"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Liferay Portal allows remote attackers to view display page templates via crafted URLs"
}
GHSA-5PPG-2735-MFMV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-05 12:30 – Updated: 2025-11-05 12:30The FunnelKit Automations – Email Marketing Automation and CRM for WordPress & WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to, and including, 3.6.4.1. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform administrative actions in the bwfan_test_email AJAX handler. The nonce used for verification is publicly exposed to all visitors (including unauthenticated users) via the frontend JavaScript localization, and the check_nonce() function accepts low-privilege authenticated users who possess this nonce. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to send arbitrary emails from the site with attacker-controlled subject and body content.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-12469"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-05T10:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The FunnelKit Automations \u2013 Email Marketing Automation and CRM for WordPress \u0026 WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to, and including, 3.6.4.1. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform administrative actions in the `bwfan_test_email` AJAX handler. The nonce used for verification is publicly exposed to all visitors (including unauthenticated users) via the frontend JavaScript localization, and the `check_nonce()` function accepts low-privilege authenticated users who possess this nonce. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to send arbitrary emails from the site with attacker-controlled subject and body content.",
"id": "GHSA-5ppg-2735-mfmv",
"modified": "2025-11-05T12:30:19Z",
"published": "2025-11-05T12:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-marketing-automations/trunk/includes/abstracts/class-bwfan-ajax-controller.php#L296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-marketing-automations/trunk/includes/class-bwfan-common.php#L1896"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-marketing-automations/trunk/includes/class-bwfan-public.php#L70"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3388822/wp-marketing-automations/trunk/includes/abstracts/class-bwfan-ajax-controller.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/72198b74-90f6-49c6-b261-6f9c1cdc9692?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PQF-V349-FXCR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-11 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:33e-Gov Client Application (Windows version) versions prior to 2.1.1.0 and e-Gov Client Application (macOS version) versions prior to 1.1.1.0 are vulnerable to improper authorization in handler for custom URL scheme. A crafted URL may direct the product to access an arbitrary website. As a result, the user may become a victim of a phishing attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-44689"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-11T01:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "e-Gov Client Application (Windows version) versions prior to 2.1.1.0 and e-Gov Client Application (macOS version) versions prior to 1.1.1.0 are vulnerable to improper authorization in handler for custom URL scheme. A crafted URL may direct the product to access an arbitrary website. As a result, the user may become a victim of a phishing attack.",
"id": "GHSA-5pqf-v349-fxcr",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:33:10Z",
"published": "2023-10-11T03:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN15808274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://shinsei.e-gov.go.jp/contents/news/2023-03-12t1022040900_1318.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PR3-FRH5-5P66
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-13 12:30 – Updated: 2024-08-13 12:30Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Swings Wallet System for WooCommerce allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Wallet System for WooCommerce: from n/a through 2.5.13.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38699"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-13T11:15:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Swings Wallet System for WooCommerce allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Wallet System for WooCommerce: from n/a through 2.5.13.",
"id": "GHSA-5pr3-frh5-5p66",
"modified": "2024-08-13T12:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-08-13T12:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wallet-system-for-woocommerce/wordpress-wallet-system-for-woocommerce-plugin-2-5-13-sensitive-data-exposure-via-exported-file-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PR3-PWQQ-X984
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-17 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32The Comments Like Dislike plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the restore_settings function called via an AJAX action in versions up to, and including, 1.1.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with minimal permissions, such as a subscriber, to reset the plugin's settings. NOTE: After attempting to contact the developer with no response, and reporting this to the WordPress plugin's team 30 days ago we are disclosing this issue as it still is not updated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-3244"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-17T07:15:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Comments Like Dislike plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the restore_settings function called via an AJAX action in versions up to, and including, 1.1.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with minimal permissions, such as a subscriber, to reset the plugin\u0027s settings. NOTE: After attempting to contact the developer with no response, and reporting this to the WordPress plugin\u0027s team 30 days ago we are disclosing this issue as it still is not updated.",
"id": "GHSA-5pr3-pwqq-x984",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:16Z",
"published": "2023-08-17T09:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3244"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/comments-like-dislike/trunk/inc/classes/cld-admin.php#L99"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2962213/comments-like-dislike"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=2955957%40comments-like-dislike\u0026new=2955957%40comments-like-dislike\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/66019297-a8a8-4bbc-99db-4b47066f3e50?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.