Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14839 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-5H5G-VJ9M-MJ45

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-25 15:34 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in George Pattichis Simple Photo Feed allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Simple Photo Feed: from n/a through 1.4.0.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-27000"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-25T15:15:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in George Pattichis Simple Photo Feed allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Simple Photo Feed: from n/a through 1.4.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h5g-vj9m-mj45",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:50Z",
  "published": "2025-02-25T15:34:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/simple-photo-feed/vulnerability/wordpress-simple-photo-feed-plugin-1-4-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H62-F8FG-4W7Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-15 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 00:05
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: phpMyFAQ: Missing Authorization on Tag Deletion Allows Any Authenticated User to Delete Tags
Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-7cx3-2qx2-3g6w. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

phpMyFAQ before 4.1.2 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in the DELETE /admin/api/content/tags/{tagId} endpoint that allows any authenticated user to delete tags. Any logged-in user, including regular frontend users, can delete arbitrary tags by sending a DELETE request with a valid session cookie, resulting in permanent data loss and disruption of FAQ organization.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "phpMyFAQ/phpMyFAQ"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "thorsten/phpMyFAQ"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-21T21:17:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-15T19:17:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-7cx3-2qx2-3g6w. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nphpMyFAQ before 4.1.2 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in the DELETE /admin/api/content/tags/{tagId} endpoint that allows any authenticated user to delete tags. Any logged-in user, including regular frontend users, can delete arbitrary tags by sending a DELETE request with a valid session cookie, resulting in permanent data loss and disruption of FAQ organization.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h62-f8fg-4w7q",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T00:05:36Z",
  "published": "2026-05-15T21:31:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/thorsten/phpMyFAQ/security/advisories/GHSA-7cx3-2qx2-3g6w"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46365"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/thorsten/phpMyFAQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/phpmyfaq-missing-authorization-in-tag-deletion-endpoint"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: phpMyFAQ: Missing Authorization on Tag Deletion Allows Any Authenticated User to Delete Tags",
  "withdrawn": "2026-06-09T00:05:36Z"
}

GHSA-5H85-GJ3F-VX5V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Popup Box Team Popup allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Popup box: from n/a through 4.5.1.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-37096"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:18Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Popup Box Team Popup allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Popup box: from n/a through 4.5.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h85-gj3f-vx5v",
  "modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:57Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:31:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/ays-popup-box/wordpress-popup-box-plugin-4-5-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H92-3583-X7WF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 03:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 03:31
VLAI
Details

Application server ABAP does not perform necessary authorization checks for an authenticated user allowing an attacker to execute a report generation command which could overwrite information belonging to another user, resulting in escalation of privileges. This has high impact on integrity with low impact on availability and no impact on confidentiality of the application.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44751"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T01:16:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Application server ABAP does not perform necessary authorization checks for an authenticated user allowing an attacker to execute a report generation command which could overwrite information belonging to another user, resulting in escalation of privileges. This has high impact on integrity with low impact on availability and no impact on confidentiality of the application.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h92-3583-x7wf",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T03:31:40Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T03:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44751"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3735546"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H9P-4FM4-CR85

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-24 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in ldwin79 sourceplay-navermap allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects sourceplay-navermap: from n/a through 0.0.2.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30605"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-24T14:15:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in ldwin79 sourceplay-navermap allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects sourceplay-navermap: from n/a through 0.0.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h9p-4fm4-cr85",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:01Z",
  "published": "2025-03-24T15:30:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30605"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/sourceplay-navermap/vulnerability/wordpress-sourceplay-navermap-plugin-0-0-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H9R-FR4C-2VWR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-20 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-25 00:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Vito Peleg Atarim atarim-visual-collaboration allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Atarim: from n/a through <= 4.2.1.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-67993"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T16:22:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Vito Peleg Atarim atarim-visual-collaboration allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Atarim: from n/a through \u003c= 4.2.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h9r-fr4c-2vwr",
  "modified": "2026-02-25T00:31:21Z",
  "published": "2026-02-20T18:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67993"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/atarim-visual-collaboration/vulnerability/wordpress-atarim-plugin-4-2-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5HCJ-87PW-F7W4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPDeveloper SchedulePress.This issue affects SchedulePress: from n/a through 5.0.8.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32717"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:37:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPDeveloper SchedulePress.This issue affects SchedulePress: from n/a through 5.0.8.",
  "id": "GHSA-5hcj-87pw-f7w4",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:07Z",
  "published": "2024-05-14T18:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32717"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-scheduled-posts/wordpress-schedulepress-plugin-5-0-8-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5HFF-46VH-RXMW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-07 18:15 – Updated: 2026-04-24 21:04
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: Read-scoped identity-bearing HTTP clients could kill sessions via /sessions/:sessionKey/kill
Details

Summary

Before OpenClaw 2026.4.2, POST /sessions/:sessionKey/kill did not enforce write scopes in identity-bearing HTTP modes. A caller limited to read-only operator scopes could still terminate a running subagent session.

Impact

A read-scoped caller could perform a write-class control-plane mutation and interrupt delegated work. This was an authorization bug on the HTTP scope boundary, not a shared-secret compatibility exception.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Affected versions: <= 2026.4.1
  • Patched versions: >= 2026.4.2
  • Latest published npm version: 2026.4.1

Fix Commit(s)

  • 54a0878517167c6e49900498cf77420dadb74beb — enforce session-kill HTTP scopes

Release Process Note

The fix is present on main and is staged for OpenClaw 2026.4.2. Publish this advisory after the 2026.4.2 npm release is live.

Thanks @EaEa0001 for reporting.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.4.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.4.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41298"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-07T18:15:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-21T00:16:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nBefore OpenClaw 2026.4.2, `POST /sessions/:sessionKey/kill` did not enforce write scopes in identity-bearing HTTP modes. A caller limited to read-only operator scopes could still terminate a running subagent session.\n\n## Impact\n\nA read-scoped caller could perform a write-class control-plane mutation and interrupt delegated work. This was an authorization bug on the HTTP scope boundary, not a shared-secret compatibility exception.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected versions: `\u003c= 2026.4.1`\n- Patched versions: `\u003e= 2026.4.2`\n- Latest published npm version: `2026.4.1`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `54a0878517167c6e49900498cf77420dadb74beb` \u2014 enforce session-kill HTTP scopes\n\n## Release Process Note\n\nThe fix is present on `main` and is staged for OpenClaw `2026.4.2`. Publish this advisory after the `2026.4.2` npm release is live.\n\nThanks @EaEa0001 for reporting.",
  "id": "GHSA-5hff-46vh-rxmw",
  "modified": "2026-04-24T21:04:39Z",
  "published": "2026-04-07T18:15:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-5hff-46vh-rxmw"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41298"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/54a0878517167c6e49900498cf77420dadb74beb"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-authorization-bypass-in-session-termination-endpoint"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: Read-scoped identity-bearing HTTP clients could kill sessions via /sessions/:sessionKey/kill"
}

GHSA-5HFF-R5RF-V64J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28
VLAI
Details

Several AJAX endpoints in the Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution WordPress plugin before 1.7.7 were unprotected, allowing students to modify course information and elevate their privileges among many other actions.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-24184"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-05T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Several AJAX endpoints in the Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution WordPress plugin before 1.7.7 were unprotected, allowing students to modify course information and elevate their privileges among many other actions.",
  "id": "GHSA-5hff-r5rf-v64j",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T22:28:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-24184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/5e85917c-7a58-49cb-b8b3-05aa18ffff3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/blog/2021/03/several-vulnerabilities-patched-in-tutor-lms-plugin"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5HFJ-V78P-RRRJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-06-09 18:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Academy LMS academy.This issue affects Academy LMS: from n/a through 1.9.16.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32714"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-09T17:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Academy LMS academy.This issue affects Academy LMS: from n/a through 1.9.16.",
  "id": "GHSA-5hfj-v78p-rrrj",
  "modified": "2024-06-09T18:30:36Z",
  "published": "2024-06-09T18:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32714"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/academy/wordpress-academy-lms-plugin-1-9-16-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

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