Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

15037 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-3C8C-P4WX-4Q49

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-27 18:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Mamunur Rashid The Post Grid allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.

This issue affects The Post Grid: from n/a through 7.9.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49054"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T17:16:44Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Mamunur Rashid The Post Grid allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.\n\nThis issue affects The Post Grid: from n/a through 7.9.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-3c8c-p4wx-4q49",
  "modified": "2026-05-27T18:31:41Z",
  "published": "2026-05-27T18:31:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49054"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/the-post-grid/vulnerability/wordpress-the-post-grid-plugin-7-9-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3C99-G4QV-P9WQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-24 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Daniel Powney Multi Rating allows Functionality Misuse.This issue affects Multi Rating: from n/a through 5.0.6.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32127"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-24T16:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Daniel Powney Multi Rating allows Functionality Misuse.This issue affects Multi Rating: from n/a through 5.0.6.",
  "id": "GHSA-3c99-g4qv-p9wq",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:34:56Z",
  "published": "2024-04-24T18:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32127"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/multi-rating/wordpress-multi-rating-plugin-5-0-6-unauth-arbitrary-rating-value-change?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3CG5-48J3-V4GV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-04 20:58 – Updated: 2026-08-04 20:58
VLAI
Summary
Open WebUI: A folder write-collaborator can permanently delete the owner's chats by deleting a shared subfolder
Details

Summary

A user granted write access to a shared chat folder could permanently delete chats and messages belonging to the folder's owner. Deleting a folder cascades into the owner's chats and the entire subfolder subtree, and the deletion handler required only write access on subfolders instead of ownership. Root folders were restricted to the owner or an admin, subfolders were not.

Preconditions

The Folders Sharing permission (user.permissions.sharing.folders) must be enabled; it is off by default. The victim must have shared a folder with the attacker at write access. features.folders and the chat.delete permission are enabled by default and are both required. Deployments that leave folder sharing disabled are not affected, and neither are single-user instances.

Impact

Permanent, irreversible destruction of another user's chat history within and beneath a shared folder. With delete_contents=false the same request instead force-moved the owner's chats out of the folder, an unauthorized relocation rather than a deletion. The write grant on the shared root folder is inherited by every descendant, so the attacker could destroy subfolders that were never explicitly shared with them. Nothing outside the shared folder's subtree is reachable, and no data is disclosed that write access did not already expose.

Fix

Fixed in 0.11.0 by https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/pull/27003. Folder deletion is now restricted to the folder owner or an admin for root folders and subfolders alike, replacing the previous root/subfolder split with a single check. Upgrading fully resolves the issue; no configuration change is required. Owners and admins are unaffected, and a write-collaborator can still create, rename and add to shared folders and delete subfolders they own.

Root cause

Affected component: backend/open_webui/routers/folders.py, the DELETE /api/v1/folders/{id} handler. Affected setup: any release from 0.10.0 onward that has folder sharing enabled.

The cascade that follows the authorization check is bound to the folder owner's id, not the caller's, so whoever passes the check deletes the owner's data. The check itself branched on whether the folder had a parent: root folders demanded ownership or admin, while subfolders accepted any write grant. Because write grants propagate down the folder tree, that branch handed every collaborator deletion rights over the owner's subtree, which is broader than what the sharing model grants write access.

Credits

@legobattman, who reported the issue and its remediation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "open-webui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.10.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.11.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-70494"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-04T20:58:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nA user granted write access to a shared chat folder could permanently delete chats and messages belonging to the folder\u0027s owner. Deleting a folder cascades into the owner\u0027s chats and the entire subfolder subtree, and the deletion handler required only write access on subfolders instead of ownership. Root folders were restricted to the owner or an admin, subfolders were not.\n\n## Preconditions\nThe Folders Sharing permission (`user.permissions.sharing.folders`) must be enabled; it is off by default. The victim must have shared a folder with the attacker at write access. `features.folders` and the `chat.delete` permission are enabled by default and are both required. Deployments that leave folder sharing disabled are not affected, and neither are single-user instances.\n\n## Impact\nPermanent, irreversible destruction of another user\u0027s chat history within and beneath a shared folder. With `delete_contents=false` the same request instead force-moved the owner\u0027s chats out of the folder, an unauthorized relocation rather than a deletion. The write grant on the shared root folder is inherited by every descendant, so the attacker could destroy subfolders that were never explicitly shared with them. Nothing outside the shared folder\u0027s subtree is reachable, and no data is disclosed that write access did not already expose.\n\n## Fix\nFixed in 0.11.0 by https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/pull/27003. Folder deletion is now restricted to the folder owner or an admin for root folders and subfolders alike, replacing the previous root/subfolder split with a single check. Upgrading fully resolves the issue; no configuration change is required. Owners and admins are unaffected, and a write-collaborator can still create, rename and add to shared folders and delete subfolders they own.\n\n## Root cause\nAffected component: `backend/open_webui/routers/folders.py`, the `DELETE /api/v1/folders/{id}` handler. Affected setup: any release from 0.10.0 onward that has folder sharing enabled.\n\nThe cascade that follows the authorization check is bound to the folder owner\u0027s id, not the caller\u0027s, so whoever passes the check deletes the owner\u0027s data. The check itself branched on whether the folder had a parent: root folders demanded ownership or admin, while subfolders accepted any write grant. Because write grants propagate down the folder tree, that branch handed every collaborator deletion rights over the owner\u0027s subtree, which is broader than what the sharing model grants write access.\n\n## Credits\n@legobattman, who reported the issue and its remediation.",
  "id": "GHSA-3cg5-48j3-v4gv",
  "modified": "2026-08-04T20:58:12Z",
  "published": "2026-08-04T20:58:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/security/advisories/GHSA-3cg5-48j3-v4gv"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/pull/27003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/commit/915ef7d0798d3175819cedbb2f62d7bf0db78c98"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/releases/tag/v0.11.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Open WebUI: A folder write-collaborator can permanently delete the owner\u0027s chats by deleting a shared subfolder"
}

GHSA-3CH5-GFVR-379V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-06 09:30 – Updated: 2022-12-08 06:30
VLAI
Details

In windows manager service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to set up windows manager service with no additional execution privileges needed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-42778"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-06T07:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In windows manager service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to set up windows manager service with no additional execution privileges needed.",
  "id": "GHSA-3ch5-gfvr-379v",
  "modified": "2022-12-08T06:30:30Z",
  "published": "2022-12-06T09:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1599588060988411006"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3CJ5-24C9-H5RW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in raychat Raychat allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects Raychat: from n/a through 2.1.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49236"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T13:15:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in raychat Raychat allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects Raychat: from n/a through 2.1.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-3cj5-24c9-h5rw",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:21Z",
  "published": "2025-06-06T15:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49236"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/raychat/vulnerability/wordpress-raychat-2-1-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3CJX-7CJ6-QVQ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-28 00:00
VLAI
Details

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in Rocket.Chat <v5 due to the getUserMentionsByChannel meteor server method discloses messages from private channels and direct messages regardless of the users access permission to the room.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-32220"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-23T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An information disclosure vulnerability exists in Rocket.Chat \u003cv5 due to the getUserMentionsByChannel meteor server method discloses messages from private channels and direct messages regardless of the users access permission to the room.",
  "id": "GHSA-3cjx-7cj6-qvq3",
  "modified": "2022-09-28T00:00:24Z",
  "published": "2022-09-25T00:00:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32220"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1410246"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3CRP-M98R-RM3Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in The Events Calendar The Events Calendar allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects The Events Calendar: from n/a through 6.1.2.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-35777"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in The Events Calendar The Events Calendar allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects The Events Calendar: from n/a through 6.1.2.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-3crp-m98r-rm3q",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:23Z",
  "published": "2024-12-13T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35777"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/the-events-calendar/vulnerability/wordpress-the-events-calendar-plugin-6-1-2-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3CVG-JFMM-2MW4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-20 03:30 – Updated: 2023-08-20 03:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization in GitHub repository hamza417/inure prior to build88.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-4434"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-20T01:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization in GitHub repository hamza417/inure prior to build88.",
  "id": "GHSA-3cvg-jfmm-2mw4",
  "modified": "2023-08-20T03:30:25Z",
  "published": "2023-08-20T03:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hamza417/inure/commit/2176af74ca3a81fd001e6cc8eea5a8306f484fbb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/19e68377-e071-4a8e-aa4c-cd84a426602e"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3CW3-5VXW-G2H3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-31 23:51 – Updated: 2026-05-08 18:13
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: CLI Remote Onboarding Persists Unauthenticated Discovery Endpoint and Exfiltrates Gateway Credentials
Details

Summary

Remote onboarding accepted discovered gateway endpoints without an explicit trust confirmation before persisting the remote URL and connection details.

Impact

A malicious or spoofed discovery endpoint could steer onboarding toward an attacker-controlled gateway and capture future gateway credentials or traffic.

Affected Component

src/commands/onboard-remote.ts

Fixed Versions

  • Affected: <= 2026.3.24
  • Patched: >= 2026.3.28
  • Latest stable 2026.3.28 contains the fix.

Fix

Fixed by commit d6affb17d8 (CLI: confirm discovered remote gateways before saving config).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.3.24"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.28"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41342"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-31T23:51:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nRemote onboarding accepted discovered gateway endpoints without an explicit trust confirmation before persisting the remote URL and connection details.\n\n## Impact\n\nA malicious or spoofed discovery endpoint could steer onboarding toward an attacker-controlled gateway and capture future gateway credentials or traffic.\n\n## Affected Component\n\n`src/commands/onboard-remote.ts`\n\n## Fixed Versions\n\n- Affected: `\u003c= 2026.3.24`\n- Patched: `\u003e= 2026.3.28`\n- Latest stable `2026.3.28` contains the fix.\n\n## Fix\n\nFixed by commit `d6affb17d8` (`CLI: confirm discovered remote gateways before saving config`).",
  "id": "GHSA-3cw3-5vxw-g2h3",
  "modified": "2026-05-08T18:13:29Z",
  "published": "2026-03-31T23:51:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3cw3-5vxw-g2h3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41342"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/d6affb17d85f5f5ab08ef9f2b994b257af12e75a"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-unauthenticated-discovery-endpoint-credential-exfiltration-via-remote-onboarding"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: CLI Remote Onboarding Persists Unauthenticated Discovery Endpoint and Exfiltrates Gateway Credentials"
}

GHSA-3CWP-WW6R-F893

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-23 18:33 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in ReneeCussack 3D Work In Progress allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects 3D Work In Progress: from n/a through 1.0.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-49657"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-23T16:15:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in ReneeCussack 3D Work In Progress allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects 3D Work In Progress: from n/a through 1.0.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-3cwp-ww6r-f893",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:09Z",
  "published": "2024-10-23T18:33:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49657"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/renee-work-in-progress/vulnerability/wordpress-3d-work-in-progress-plugin-1-0-3-arbitrary-file-deletion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/renee-work-in-progress/wordpress-3d-work-in-progress-plugin-1-0-3-arbitrary-file-deletion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.