Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14965 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-3FFQ-9W3M-8F4C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-02 12:32 – Updated: 2026-04-23 15:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in RevenueHunt Product Recommendation Quiz for eCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Product Recommendation Quiz for eCommerce: from n/a through 2.1.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-46631"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-02T12:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in RevenueHunt Product Recommendation Quiz for eCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Product Recommendation Quiz for eCommerce: from n/a through 2.1.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-3ffq-9w3m-8f4c",
  "modified": "2026-04-23T15:34:14Z",
  "published": "2025-01-02T12:32:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46631"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/product-recommendation-quiz-for-ecommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-product-recommendation-quiz-for-ecommerce-plugin-2-1-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FG5-5C4G-27VR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-09 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:42
VLAI
Details

The Draw Attention plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the ajax_set_featured_image function in versions up to, and including, 2.0.11. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level permissions and above, to change the featured image of arbitrary posts with an image that exists in the media library.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-2764"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-09T06:16:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Draw Attention plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the ajax_set_featured_image function in versions up to, and including, 2.0.11. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level permissions and above, to change the featured image of arbitrary posts with an image that exists in the media library.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fg5-5c4g-27vr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:42:08Z",
  "published": "2023-06-09T06:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2764"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/draw-attention/trunk/public/includes/lib/drag-drop-featured-image/index.php#L500"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2917528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/18530601-a294-448c-a1b2-c3995f9042ac?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FG6-68W4-PM87

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-28 12:31 – Updated: 2026-07-28 12:31
VLAI
Details

The Chatbot plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 8.5.9 via the wpcs_send_email() AJAX handler. This is due to the wpcs_send_email() function being registered on both wp_ajax_wpcs_send_email and wp_ajax_nopriv_wpcs_send_email with no nonce verification, capability check, or rate limiting, while forwarding attacker-controlled recipient, subject, and body directly to wp_mail(). This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to send arbitrary emails to any recipient from the site's domain, enabling spam, phishing, and abuse that can lead to the site's IP/domain being blacklisted.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-16774"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-28T12:16:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Chatbot plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 8.5.9 via the wpcs_send_email() AJAX handler. This is due to the wpcs_send_email() function being registered on both wp_ajax_wpcs_send_email and wp_ajax_nopriv_wpcs_send_email with no nonce verification, capability check, or rate limiting, while forwarding attacker-controlled recipient, subject, and body directly to wp_mail(). This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to send arbitrary emails to any recipient from the site\u0027s domain, enabling spam, phishing, and abuse that can lead to the site\u0027s IP/domain being blacklisted.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fg6-68w4-pm87",
  "modified": "2026-07-28T12:31:21Z",
  "published": "2026-07-28T12:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16774"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/chatbot/tags/8.5.9/includes/chat-sessions/wpbot-chat-sessions.php#L478"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/chatbot/tags/8.5.9/includes/chat-sessions/wpbot-chat-sessions.php#L483"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/chatbot/tags/8.5.9/includes/chat-sessions/wpbot-chat-sessions.php#L494"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3621386%40chatbot\u0026new=3621386%40chatbot"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/3cc6aa06-ab2a-4d5c-bbbe-4c19722ccc53?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FJ7-78H2-W98X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-01 00:01 – Updated: 2023-10-27 20:10
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins XPath Configuration Viewer Plugin Missing Authorization vulnerability
Details

Jenkins XPath Configuration Viewer Plugin 1.1.1 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.

This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to create and delete XPath expressions.

Additionally, these HTTP endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.

As of publication of this advisory, there is no fix.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:xpath-config-viewer"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-34813"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-12T18:15:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-30T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins XPath Configuration Viewer Plugin 1.1.1 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to create and delete XPath expressions.\n\nAdditionally, these HTTP endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.\n\nAs of publication of this advisory, there is no fix.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fj7-78h2-w98x",
  "modified": "2023-10-27T20:10:46Z",
  "published": "2022-07-01T00:01:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34813"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/xpath-config-viewer-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-06-30/#SECURITY-2658"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins XPath Configuration Viewer Plugin Missing Authorization vulnerability"
}

GHSA-3FJF-XCFG-59V3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 09:30 – Updated: 2024-07-09 09:30
VLAI
Details

The Just Custom Fields plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of functionality due to a missing capability check on several AJAX functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to invoke this functionality intended for admin users. This enables subscribers to manage field groups, change visibility of items among other things.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-6167"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T09:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Just Custom Fields plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of functionality due to a missing capability check on several AJAX functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to invoke this functionality intended for admin users. This enables subscribers to manage field groups, change visibility of items among other things.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fjf-xcfg-59v3",
  "modified": "2024-07-09T09:30:56Z",
  "published": "2024-07-09T09:30:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6167"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/just-custom-fields"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/14d71220-be60-498d-92ca-055f1c237060?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FPF-RC46-9VM6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPChill Strong Testimonials allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Strong Testimonials: from n/a through 3.1.16.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-47362"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:55Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPChill Strong Testimonials allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Strong Testimonials: from n/a through 3.1.16.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fpf-rc46-9vm6",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:17Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:32:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47362"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/strong-testimonials/vulnerability/wordpress-strong-testimonials-plugin-3-1-16-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/strong-testimonials/wordpress-strong-testimonials-plugin-3-1-16-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FPX-64J2-M33G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-10 06:30 – Updated: 2025-08-10 06:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in LitmusChaos Litmus up to 3.19.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /auth/delete_project/ of the component Delete Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument projectID leads to missing authorization. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-8796"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-10T06:15:26Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in LitmusChaos Litmus up to 3.19.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /auth/delete_project/ of the component Delete Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument projectID leads to missing authorization. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fpx-64j2-m33g",
  "modified": "2025-08-10T06:30:28Z",
  "published": "2025-08-10T06:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8796"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MaiqueSilva/VulnDB/blob/main/readme06.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319324"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.319324"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.625989"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FQ7-C5M8-G86X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-02 21:10 – Updated: 2025-12-02 21:10
VLAI
Summary
Mautic user without privileged access to the Marketplace can install and uninstall composer packages
Details

Summary

A non privileged user can install and remove arbitrary packages via composer for a composer based installed, even if the flag in update settings for enable composer based update is unticked.

Impact

A low-privileged user of the platform can install malicious code to obtain higher privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "mautic/core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.18"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "mautic/core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.2.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "mautic/core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "6.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.0.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-13828"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-02T21:10:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-02T17:16:04Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nA non privileged user can install and remove arbitrary packages via composer for a composer based installed, even if the flag in update settings for enable composer based update is unticked.\n\n### Impact\n\nA low-privileged user of the platform can install malicious code to obtain higher privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fq7-c5m8-g86x",
  "modified": "2025-12-02T21:10:39Z",
  "published": "2025-12-02T21:10:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mautic/mautic/security/advisories/GHSA-3fq7-c5m8-g86x"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13828"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mautic/mautic"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Mautic user without privileged access to the Marketplace can install and uninstall composer packages"
}

GHSA-3FQW-J7X8-G75J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-16 15:30 – Updated: 2023-08-16 21:11
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins Delphix Plugin missing permission check
Details

Jenkins Delphix Plugin 3.0.2 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.

This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate credentials IDs of credentials stored in Jenkins. Those can be used as part of an attack to capture the credentials using another vulnerability.

An enumeration of credentials IDs in Delphix Plugin 3.0.3 requires the appropriate permissions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:delphix"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-40344"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-16T21:11:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-16T15:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Delphix Plugin 3.0.2 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate credentials IDs of credentials stored in Jenkins. Those can be used as part of an attack to capture the credentials using another vulnerability.\n\nAn enumeration of credentials IDs in Delphix Plugin 3.0.3 requires the appropriate permissions.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fqw-j7x8-g75j",
  "modified": "2023-08-16T21:11:04Z",
  "published": "2023-08-16T15:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40344"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.delphix.com/Support_Policies_and_Technical_Bulletins/Technical_Bulletins/TB111_Delphix_Plugin_for_Jenkins_Vulnerable_to_Credential_Enumeration_and_Capture"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-08-16/#SECURITY-3214%20(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/08/16/3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins Delphix Plugin missing permission check"
}

GHSA-3FRQ-WFVJ-C4FP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:50 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:50
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in GitLab Community and Enterprise Edition before 11.2.7, 11.3.x before 11.3.8, and 11.4.x before 11.4.3. It has Missing Authorization.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-18647"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-04T23:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in GitLab Community and Enterprise Edition before 11.2.7, 11.3.x before 11.3.8, and 11.4.x before 11.4.3. It has Missing Authorization.",
  "id": "GHSA-3frq-wfvj-c4fp",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:50:44Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:50:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18647"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/2018/10/29/security-release-gitlab-11-dot-4-dot-3-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ee/issues/7538"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.