Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15535 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-76VQ-RVVQ-Q48W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:58 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:29
VLAI
Details

In X.Org X Server 1.20.4, there is a stack-based buffer overflow in the function XQueryKeymap. For example, by sending ct.c_char 1000 times, an attacker can cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-17624"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-16T11:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In X.Org X Server 1.20.4, there is a stack-based buffer overflow in the function XQueryKeymap. For example, by sending ct.c_char 1000 times, an attacker can cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact.",
  "id": "GHSA-76vq-rvvq-q48w",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:29:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:58:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-17624"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47507"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.x.org/releases/individual/xserver"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154868/X.Org-X-Server-1.20.4-Local-Stack-Overflow.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-76VW-8GM2-PWMH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-14 21:31 – Updated: 2025-03-14 21:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in HDF5 1.14.6 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function H5T__bit_copy of the component Type Conversion Logic. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment. The vendor was contacted early about a batch of vulnerabilities. His response was "reject" without further explanation. We have not received an elaboration even after asking politely for further details. Currently we assume that the vendor wants to "dispute" the entries which is why they are flagged as such until further details become available.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2309"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-14T21:15:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in HDF5 1.14.6 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function H5T__bit_copy of the component Type Conversion Logic. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment. The vendor was contacted early about a batch of vulnerabilities. His response was \"reject\" without further explanation. We have not received an elaboration even after asking politely for further details. Currently we assume that the vendor wants to \"dispute\" the entries which is why they are flagged as such until further details become available.",
  "id": "GHSA-76vw-8gm2-pwmh",
  "modified": "2025-03-14T21:31:40Z",
  "published": "2025-03-14T21:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2309"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/madao123123/crash_report/blob/main/hdf5_poc/hdf5_poc3.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.299722"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.299722"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.514532"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-76W4-2FG3-X9MC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-31 00:30 – Updated: 2025-03-28 15:31
VLAI
Details

Netgear routers R7000P before v1.3.3.154, R6900P before v1.3.3.154, R7960P before v1.4.4.94, and R8000P before v1.4.4.94 were discovered to contain a pre-authentication stack overflow.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48176"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-31T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Netgear routers R7000P before v1.3.3.154, R6900P before v1.3.3.154, R7960P before v1.4.4.94, and R8000P before v1.4.4.94 were discovered to contain a pre-authentication stack overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-76w4-2fg3-x9mc",
  "modified": "2025-03-28T15:31:44Z",
  "published": "2023-01-31T00:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48176"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hdwsec.fr/blog/20221109-netgear"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000065242/Security-Advisory-for-Pre-authentication-Stack-Overflow-on-some-Routers-and-Nighthawk-WiFi-Mesh-Systems-PSV-2022-0146"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/about/security"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-76W4-62RM-FH6C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-24 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:11
VLAI
Details

Tenda AC10 v4 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via parameter macFilterType and parameter deviceList at url /goform/setMacFilterCfg.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-40901"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-24T18:15:08Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AC10 v4 US_AC10V4.0si_V16.03.10.13_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via parameter macFilterType and parameter deviceList at url /goform/setMacFilterCfg.",
  "id": "GHSA-76w4-62rm-fh6c",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:11:27Z",
  "published": "2023-08-24T18:30:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40901"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/peris-navince/founded-0-days/blob/main/ac10/formSetMacFilterCfg/1.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/peris-navince/founded-0-days/blob/main/ac10/fromSetStaticRouteCfg/1.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-76W9-P8MG-J927

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-06 22:07 – Updated: 2024-02-21 19:15
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds Write in nix
Details

On certain platforms, if a user has more than 16 groups, the nix::unistd::getgrouplist function will call the libc getgrouplist function with a length parameter greater than the size of the buffer it provides, resulting in an out-of-bounds write and memory corruption.

The libc getgrouplist function takes an in/out parameter ngroups specifying the size of the group buffer. When the buffer is too small to hold all of the requested user's group memberships, some libc implementations, including glibc and Solaris libc, will modify ngroups to indicate the actual number of groups for the user, in addition to returning an error. The version of nix::unistd::getgrouplist in nix 0.16.0 and up will resize the buffer to twice its size, but will not read or modify the ngroups variable. Thus, if the user has more than twice as many groups as the initial buffer size of 8, the next call to getgrouplist will then write past the end of the buffer.

The issue would require editing /etc/groups to exploit, which is usually only editable by the root user.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "nix"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.16.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.20.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "nix"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.21.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.21.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "nix"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.22.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.22.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-45707"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-01-05T23:13:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-27T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "On certain platforms, if a user has more than 16 groups, the nix::unistd::getgrouplist function will call the libc getgrouplist function with a length parameter greater than the size of the buffer it provides, resulting in an out-of-bounds write and memory corruption.\n\nThe libc getgrouplist function takes an in/out parameter ngroups specifying the size of the group buffer. When the buffer is too small to hold all of the requested user\u0027s group memberships, some libc implementations, including glibc and Solaris libc, will modify ngroups to indicate the actual number of groups for the user, in addition to returning an error. The version of nix::unistd::getgrouplist in nix 0.16.0 and up will resize the buffer to twice its size, but will not read or modify the ngroups variable. Thus, if the user has more than twice as many groups as the initial buffer size of 8, the next call to getgrouplist will then write past the end of the buffer.\n\nThe issue would require editing /etc/groups to exploit, which is usually only editable by the root user.",
  "id": "GHSA-76w9-p8mg-j927",
  "modified": "2024-02-21T19:15:12Z",
  "published": "2022-01-06T22:07:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45707"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nix-rust/nix/issues/1541"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-wgrg-5h56-jg27"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nix-rust/nix"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rustsec/advisory-db/main/crates/nix/RUSTSEC-2021-0119.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2021-0119.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Out-of-bounds Write in nix"
}

GHSA-7724-427R-8RVM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2023-10-05 19:29
VLAI
Summary
ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability
Details

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka "Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability." This affects Microsoft Edge, ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-8130, CVE-2018-8133, CVE-2018-8145, CVE-2018-8177.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.8.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-0943"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-20T17:53:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-05-09T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka \"Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\" This affects Microsoft Edge, ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-8130, CVE-2018-8133, CVE-2018-8145, CVE-2018-8177.",
  "id": "GHSA-7724-427r-8rvm",
  "modified": "2023-10-05T19:29:56Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:18:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0943"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/32ee5de20ce5b5c9332044039fea07616d76469d"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0943"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210419155416/https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103980"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20211204185256/https://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040844"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability"
}

GHSA-772R-9J2C-4JVF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-05 21:32 – Updated: 2024-08-20 18:31
VLAI
Details

In tmu_set_tr_thresholds of tmu.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-29749"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-05T20:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In tmu_set_tr_thresholds of tmu.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-772r-9j2c-4jvf",
  "modified": "2024-08-20T18:31:14Z",
  "published": "2024-04-05T21:32:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29749"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2024-04-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-773Q-8JRM-665H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-08 18:30 – Updated: 2022-12-09 15:30
VLAI
Details

Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the new_account parameter at /goform/editUserName.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-45508"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-08T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the new_account parameter at /goform/editUserName.",
  "id": "GHSA-773q-8jrm-665h",
  "modified": "2022-12-09T15:30:30Z",
  "published": "2022-12-08T18:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45508"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/z1r00/IOT_Vul/blob/main/Tenda/W30E/editUserName/readme.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-773X-2CFP-99MC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:04
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in Cisco Webex Player for Windows and MacOS could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected system. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of values in Webex recording files that are in Webex Recording Format (WRF). An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a user a malicious WRF file through a link or email attachment and persuading the user to open the file with the affected software on the local system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system with the privileges of the targeted user.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1526"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-04T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in Cisco Webex Player for Windows and MacOS could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected system. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of values in Webex recording files that are in Webex Recording Format (WRF). An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a user a malicious WRF file through a link or email attachment and persuading the user to open the file with the affected software on the local system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system with the privileges of the targeted user.",
  "id": "GHSA-773x-2cfp-99mc",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:04:05Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:04:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1526"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-webex-player-kOf8zVT"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-7744-G43M-RWFW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-02 15:31 – Updated: 2025-09-02 15:31
VLAI
Details

In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01123853; Issue ID: MSV-4131.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-20708"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-01T06:15:35Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01123853; Issue ID: MSV-4131.",
  "id": "GHSA-7744-g43m-rwfw",
  "modified": "2025-09-02T15:31:07Z",
  "published": "2025-09-02T15:31:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20708"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/September-2025"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.