Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15386 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6M7W-M36X-76PQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:16 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:16
VLAI
Details
procps-ng before version 3.3.15 is vulnerable to multiple integer overflows leading to a heap corruption in file2strvec function. This allows a privilege escalation for a local attacker who can create entries in procfs by starting processes, which could result in crashes or arbitrary code execution in proc utilities run by other users.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-1124"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-23T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "procps-ng before version 3.3.15 is vulnerable to multiple integer overflows leading to a heap corruption in file2strvec function. This allows a privilege escalation for a local attacker who can create entries in procfs by starting processes, which could result in crashes or arbitrary code execution in proc utilities run by other users.",
"id": "GHSA-6m7w-m36x-76pq",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:16:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:16:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualys.com/2018/05/17/procps-ng-audit-report-advisory.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3658-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3658-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201805-14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/05/msg00021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10241"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.ecostruxureit.com/display/public/UADCE725/Security+fixes+in+StruxureWare+Data+Center+Expert+v7.6.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2018-1124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2401"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2267"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1777"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1700"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00058.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00059.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2018/q2/122"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104214"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041057"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6M8C-MX2X-W4PF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-12 18:31 – Updated: 2024-03-12 18:31
VLAI
Details
Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21330"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-12T17:15:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Open Management Infrastructure (OMI) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-6m8c-mx2x-w4pf",
"modified": "2024-03-12T18:31:12Z",
"published": "2024-03-12T18:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21330"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-21330"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6M8F-MH8J-C2CP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-17 00:01 – Updated: 2022-06-17 00:01
VLAI
Details
Adobe InDesign versions 17.2.1 (and earlier) and 16.4.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30665"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-16T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe InDesign versions 17.2.1 (and earlier) and 16.4.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-6m8f-mh8j-c2cp",
"modified": "2022-06-17T00:01:26Z",
"published": "2022-06-17T00:01:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30665"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb22-30.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6M96-8RVH-6274
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:19 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:19
VLAI
Details
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.5 and iPadOS 13.5, tvOS 13.4.5, watchOS 6.2.5, Safari 13.1.1, iTunes 12.10.7 for Windows, iCloud for Windows 11.2, iCloud for Windows 7.19. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9806"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-09T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.5 and iPadOS 13.5, tvOS 13.4.5, watchOS 6.2.5, Safari 13.1.1, iTunes 12.10.7 for Windows, iCloud for Windows 11.2, iCloud for Windows 7.19. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-6m96-8rvh-6274",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:19:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:19:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GER2ATKZXDHM7FFYJH67ZPNZZX5VOUVM"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JDBXQ2XA6X4DP4YTPXBOMKSLWUED2KAR"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202007-11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211171"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211175"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211177"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4422-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-07/msg00074.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/07/10/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6M9P-H3PQ-4R35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:12
VLAI
Details
Adobe After Effects version 18.2 (and earlier) is affected by a memory corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-28605"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-788"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-24T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe After Effects version 18.2 (and earlier) is affected by a memory corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-6m9p-h3pq-4r35",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:12:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:12:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/after_effects/apsb21-49.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6M9X-2XWM-463C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:04 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:04
VLAI
Details
VMware ESXi (6.5 before ESXi650-201710401-BG), Workstation (12.x before 12.5.8), and Fusion (8.x before 8.5.9) contain a vulnerability that could allow an authenticated VNC session to cause a heap overflow via a specific set of VNC packets resulting in heap corruption. Successful exploitation of this issue could result in remote code execution in a virtual machine via the authenticated VNC session. Note: In order for exploitation to be possible in ESXi, VNC must be manually enabled in a virtual machine's .vmx configuration file. In addition, ESXi must be configured to allow VNC traffic through the built-in firewall.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-4933"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-20T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "VMware ESXi (6.5 before ESXi650-201710401-BG), Workstation (12.x before 12.5.8), and Fusion (8.x before 8.5.9) contain a vulnerability that could allow an authenticated VNC session to cause a heap overflow via a specific set of VNC packets resulting in heap corruption. Successful exploitation of this issue could result in remote code execution in a virtual machine via the authenticated VNC session. Note: In order for exploitation to be possible in ESXi, VNC must be manually enabled in a virtual machine\u0027s .vmx configuration file. In addition, ESXi must be configured to allow VNC traffic through the built-in firewall.",
"id": "GHSA-6m9x-2xwm-463c",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:04:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:04:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-4933"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2017-0021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040025"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6M9X-WX5X-8QR7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-26 00:03 – Updated: 2022-08-27 00:00
VLAI
Details
Tenda AC1206 V15.03.06.23 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter in the function fromDhcpListClient.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-37806"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-25T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda AC1206 V15.03.06.23 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the page parameter in the function fromDhcpListClient.",
"id": "GHSA-6m9x-wx5x-8qr7",
"modified": "2022-08-27T00:00:52Z",
"published": "2022-08-26T00:03:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Darry-lang1/vuln/tree/main/Tenda/AC1206/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MCH-9MQR-VW5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:25 – Updated: 2024-01-04 03:30
VLAI
Details
A memory corruption vulnerability exists when Windows Media Foundation improperly handles objects in memory, aka 'Media Foundation Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-1379, CVE-2020-1477, CVE-2020-1478, CVE-2020-1492, CVE-2020-1554.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-1525"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-17T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A memory corruption vulnerability exists when Windows Media Foundation improperly handles objects in memory, aka \u0027Media Foundation Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-1379, CVE-2020-1477, CVE-2020-1478, CVE-2020-1492, CVE-2020-1554.",
"id": "GHSA-6mch-9mqr-vw5g",
"modified": "2024-01-04T03:30:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:25:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1525"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-1525"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MCJ-FRMM-WMR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-31 18:30 – Updated: 2025-02-14 21:31
VLAI
Details
In Artifex Ghostscript through 10.01.0, there is a buffer overflow leading to potential corruption of data internal to the PostScript interpreter, in base/sbcp.c. This affects BCPEncode, BCPDecode, TBCPEncode, and TBCPDecode. If the write buffer is filled to one byte less than full, and one then tries to write an escaped character, two bytes are written.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-28879"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-31T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In Artifex Ghostscript through 10.01.0, there is a buffer overflow leading to potential corruption of data internal to the PostScript interpreter, in base/sbcp.c. This affects BCPEncode, BCPDecode, TBCPEncode, and TBCPDecode. If the write buffer is filled to one byte less than full, and one then tries to write an escaped character, two bytes are written.",
"id": "GHSA-6mcj-frmm-wmr5",
"modified": "2025-02-14T21:31:01Z",
"published": "2023-03-31T18:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28879"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=706494"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ghostscript.readthedocs.io/en/latest/News.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.ghostscript.com/?p=ghostpdl.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=37ed5022cecd584de868933b5b60da2e995b3179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.ghostscript.com/?p=ghostpdl.git;a=commit;h=37ed5022cecd584de868933b5b60da2e995b3179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/04/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CI6UCKM3XMK7PYNIRGAVDJ5VKN6XYZOE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DHJX62KSRIOBZA6FKONMJP7MEFY7LTH2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MADLP3GWJFLLFVNZGEDNPMDQR6CCXAHN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CI6UCKM3XMK7PYNIRGAVDJ5VKN6XYZOE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DHJX62KSRIOBZA6FKONMJP7MEFY7LTH2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MADLP3GWJFLLFVNZGEDNPMDQR6CCXAHN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202309-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5383"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/04/12/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MG7-9F4M-5WXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-01 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-06 15:30
VLAI
Details
Jensen of Scandinavia Eagle 1200AC V15.03.06.33_en was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter at /goform/WifiBasicSet.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24119"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-01T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jensen of Scandinavia Eagle 1200AC V15.03.06.33_en was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter at /goform/WifiBasicSet.",
"id": "GHSA-6mg7-9f4m-5wxm",
"modified": "2023-03-06T15:30:41Z",
"published": "2023-03-01T21:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oxnan.com/posts/WifiBasic_wrlEn_5g_DoS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://eagle.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jensen.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.