Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-20258 (GCVE-0-2025-20258)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-21 16:44 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in the self-service portal of Cisco Duo could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to inject arbitrary commands into emails that are sent by the service.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting arbitrary commands into a portion of an email that is sent by the service. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to send emails that contain malicious content to unsuspecting users.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-20117 (GCVE-0-2025-20117)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-26 16:11 – Updated: 2025-02-27 15:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller Authenticated Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco APIC could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root on the underlying operating system of an affected device. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentials.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of arguments that are passed to specific CLI commands. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by including crafted input as the argument of an affected CLI command. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system with the privileges of root.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC) |
Affected:
3.2(8d)
Affected: 3.2(1m) Affected: 3.2(5e) Affected: 4.1(2m) Affected: 3.2(41d) Affected: 3.2(3s) Affected: 4.0(3c) Affected: 4.1(1k) Affected: 3.2(4d) Affected: 4.2(2e) Affected: 4.2(3j) Affected: 4.2(3n) Affected: 4.0(1h) Affected: 4.1(1l) Affected: 3.2(9f) Affected: 4.2(3l) Affected: 4.2(2g) Affected: 3.2(7k) Affected: 3.2(9b) Affected: 3.2(3j) Affected: 4.1(2u) Affected: 4.2(1l) Affected: 4.1(1a) Affected: 4.0(3d) Affected: 3.2(4e) Affected: 4.1(1i) Affected: 3.2(5f) Affected: 3.2(1l) Affected: 4.2(1i) Affected: 4.1(2o) Affected: 4.2(1g) Affected: 4.1(2g) Affected: 4.2(2f) Affected: 3.2(6i) Affected: 3.2(3i) Affected: 3.2(3n) Affected: 4.1(2x) Affected: 3.2(5d) Affected: 4.2(3q) Affected: 4.1(1j) Affected: 4.1(2w) Affected: 3.2(2o) Affected: 3.2(3r) Affected: 4.0(2c) Affected: 4.1(2s) Affected: 3.2(7f) Affected: 3.2(3o) Affected: 3.2(2l) Affected: 4.2(1j) Affected: 4.2(4i) Affected: 3.2(9h) Affected: 5.0(1k) Affected: 4.2(4k) Affected: 5.0(1l) Affected: 5.0(2e) Affected: 4.2(4o) Affected: 4.2(4p) Affected: 5.0(2h) Affected: 4.2(5k) Affected: 4.2(5l) Affected: 4.2(5n) Affected: 5.1(1h) Affected: 4.2(6d) Affected: 5.1(2e) Affected: 4.2(6g) Affected: 4.2(6h) Affected: 5.1(3e) Affected: 3.2(10e) Affected: 4.2(6l) Affected: 4.2(7f) Affected: 5.1(4c) Affected: 4.2(6o) Affected: 5.2(1g) Affected: 5.2(2e) Affected: 4.2(7l) Affected: 3.2(10f) Affected: 5.2(2f) Affected: 5.2(2g) Affected: 4.2(7q) Affected: 5.2(2h) Affected: 5.2(3f) Affected: 5.2(3e) Affected: 5.2(3g) Affected: 4.2(7r) Affected: 4.2(7s) Affected: 5.2(4d) Affected: 5.2(4e) Affected: 4.2(7t) Affected: 5.2(5d) Affected: 3.2(10g) Affected: 5.2(5c) Affected: 6.0(1g) Affected: 4.2(7u) Affected: 5.2(5e) Affected: 5.2(4f) Affected: 5.2(6e) Affected: 6.0(1j) Affected: 5.2(6g) Affected: 5.2(7f) Affected: 4.2(7v) Affected: 5.2(7g) Affected: 6.0(2h) Affected: 4.2(7w) Affected: 5.2(6h) Affected: 5.2(4h) Affected: 5.2(8d) Affected: 6.0(2j) Affected: 5.2(8e) Affected: 6.0(3d) Affected: 6.0(3e) Affected: 5.2(8f) Affected: 5.2(8g) Affected: 5.3(1d) Affected: 5.2(8h) Affected: 6.0(4c) Affected: 5.3(2a) Affected: 5.2(8i) Affected: 6.0(5h) Affected: 5.3(2b) Affected: 6.0(3g) Affected: 6.0(5j) Affected: 5.3(2c) Affected: 6.0(6c) Affected: 6.1(1f) Affected: 6.0(7e) Affected: 5.3(2d) Affected: 6.0(8d) Affected: 5.3(2e) |
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"status": "affected",
"version": "5.1(2e)"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "4.2(6g)"
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"status": "affected",
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CVE-2025-15607 (GCVE-0-2025-15607)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 16:31 – Updated: 2026-03-23 13:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authenticated Command Injection in mcsd Service of TP-Link Archer AX53
Summary
A command injection vulnerability on AX53 v1 occurs in mscd debug functionality due to insufficient input handling, allowing log redirection to arbitrary files and concatenation of unvalidated file content into shell commands, enabling authenticated attackers to inject and execute arbitrary commands. Successful exploitation may allow execution of malicious commands and ultimately full control of the device.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/arche… | patch |
| https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5025/ | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| TP-Link Systems Inc. | AX53 v1 |
Affected:
0 , < 251029
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-15502 (GCVE-0-2025-15502)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 08:02 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System session SessionController os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System up to 3.0.8. The affected element is the function SessionController of the file /isomp-protocol/protocol/session. Such manipulation of the argument Hostname leads to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.340347 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.340347 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.727217 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/14 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/14#issue… | exploitissue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sangfor | Operation and Maintenance Management System |
Affected:
3.0.0
Affected: 3.0.1 Affected: 3.0.2 Affected: 3.0.3 Affected: 3.0.4 Affected: 3.0.5 Affected: 3.0.6 Affected: 3.0.7 Affected: 3.0.8 |
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CVE-2025-15501 (GCVE-0-2025-15501)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-09 22:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System getCmd WriterHandle.getCmd os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System up to 3.0.8. Impacted is the function WriterHandle.getCmd of the file /isomp-protocol/protocol/getCmd. This manipulation of the argument sessionPath causes os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.340346 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.340346 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.727214 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/12 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/12#issue… | exploitissue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sangfor | Operation and Maintenance Management System |
Affected:
3.0.0
Affected: 3.0.1 Affected: 3.0.2 Affected: 3.0.3 Affected: 3.0.4 Affected: 3.0.5 Affected: 3.0.6 Affected: 3.0.7 Affected: 3.0.8 |
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CVE-2025-15500 (GCVE-0-2025-15500)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-09 21:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System HTTP POST Request getHis os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System up to 3.0.8. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /isomp-protocol/protocol/getHis of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument sessionPath results in os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.340345 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.340345 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.727208 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/11 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/11#issue… | exploitissue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sangfor | Operation and Maintenance Management System |
Affected:
3.0.0
Affected: 3.0.1 Affected: 3.0.2 Affected: 3.0.3 Affected: 3.0.4 Affected: 3.0.5 Affected: 3.0.6 Affected: 3.0.7 Affected: 3.0.8 |
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CVE-2025-15499 (GCVE-0-2025-15499)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-09 21:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System VersionController.java uploadCN os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System up to 3.0.8. This vulnerability affects the function uploadCN of the file VersionController.java. The manipulation of the argument filename leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.340344 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.340344 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.727207 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/10 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/10#issue… | exploitissue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sangfor | Operation and Maintenance Management System |
Affected:
3.0.0
Affected: 3.0.1 Affected: 3.0.2 Affected: 3.0.3 Affected: 3.0.4 Affected: 3.0.5 Affected: 3.0.6 Affected: 3.0.7 Affected: 3.0.8 |
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CVE-2025-15472 (GCVE-0-2025-15472)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-06 22:02 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TRENDnet TEW-811DRU httpd uapply.cgi setDeviceURL os command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in TRENDnet TEW-811DRU 1.0.2.0. This affects the function setDeviceURL of the file uapply.cgi of the component httpd . This manipulation of the argument DeviceURL causes os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.339722 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.339722 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.721874 | third-party-advisory |
| https://pentagonal-time-3a7.notion.site/TrendNet-… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRENDnet | TEW-811DRU |
Affected:
1.0.2.0
cpe:2.3:o:trendnet:tew-811dru_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-15471 (GCVE-0-2025-15471)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-06 21:32 – Updated: 2026-03-18 14:38 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TRENDnet TEW-713RE formFSrvX os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in TRENDnet TEW-713RE 1.02. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /goformX/formFSrvX. The manipulation of the argument SZCMD results in os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor confirms: "The product in question TEW-731RE for CVE-2025-15471 has been discontinued and end of life since October 23, 2020. We no longer provide support for this product, so we are not able to confirm the vulnerabilities. We will make an announcement on the website product support page and notify customers who registered their products with us." This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.339721 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.339721 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.721441 | third-party-advisory |
| https://pentagonal-time-3a7.notion.site/Command-I… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-15391 (GCVE-0-2025-15391)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-31 17:32 – Updated: 2026-01-02 14:36 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
D-Link DIR-806A SSDP Request ssdpcgi_main command injection
Summary
A weakness has been identified in D-Link DIR-806A 100CNb11. Affected is the function ssdpcgi_main of the component SSDP Request Handler. This manipulation causes command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.339152 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.339152 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.727637 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/ccc-iotsec/cve-/blob/D-Link/D-… | exploit |
| https://www.dlink.com/ | product |
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-15391",
"options": [
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{
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{
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],
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"timestamp": "2026-01-02T14:19:46.778519Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
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"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"modules": [
"SSDP Request Handler"
],
"product": "DIR-806A",
"vendor": "D-Link",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "100CNb11"
}
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}
],
"credits": [
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"type": "reporter",
"value": "2160288544 (VulDB User)"
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"descriptions": [
{
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"value": "A weakness has been identified in D-Link DIR-806A 100CNb11. Affected is the function ssdpcgi_main of the component SSDP Request Handler. This manipulation causes command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer."
}
],
"metrics": [
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"tags": [
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},
{
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.