Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-601

Allowed

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

2305 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2023-2000 (GCVE-0-2023-2000)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-02 08:57 – Updated: 2024-12-06 23:04
VLAI
Title
Unrestricted navigation due to unvalidated mattermost server redirection
Summary
Mattermost Desktop App fails to validate a mattermost server redirection and navigates to an arbitrary website
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Mattermost Mattermost Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.2.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.3.0
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Juho Nurminen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-1279 (GCVE-0-2023-1279)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-01 10:01 – Updated: 2025-11-20 04:06
VLAI
Title
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 4.1 before 16.1.5, all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.5, all versions starting from 16.3 before 16.3.1 where it was possible to create a URL that would redirect to a different project.
Severity
2.6 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/395437 issue-tracking
https://hackerone.com/reports/1889230 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 4.1 , < 16.1.5 (semver)
Affected: 16.2 , < 16.2.5 (semver)
Affected: 16.3 , < 16.3.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [akadrian](https://hackerone.com/akadrian) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-0748 (GCVE-0-2023-0748)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-08 00:00 – Updated: 2025-03-25 14:00
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in btcpayserver/btcpayserver
Summary
Open Redirect in GitHub repository btcpayserver/btcpayserver prior to 1.7.6.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
btcpayserver btcpayserver/btcpayserver Affected: unspecified , < 1.7.6 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-0681 (GCVE-0-2023-0681)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-20 17:26 – Updated: 2025-02-26 18:44
VLAI
Title
Rapid7 Nexpose Uncontrolled URL Redirect
Summary
Rapid7 InsightVM versions 6.6.178 and lower suffers from an open redirect vulnerability, whereby an attacker has the ability to redirect the user to a site of the attacker’s choice using the ‘page’ parameter of the ‘data/console/redirect’ component of the application. This issue was resolved in the February, 2023 release of version 6.6.179. 
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Rapid7 Nexpose Affected: 0 , ≤ 6.6.178 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-03-20 17:00
Credits
Beau Taub of 2U, Inc.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-47500 (GCVE-0-2022-47500)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-19 10:03 – Updated: 2025-04-17 14:22
VLAI
Title
Apache Helix: Open redirect
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache Helix UI component.This issue affects Apache Helix all releases from 0.8.0 to 1.0.4. Solution: removed the the forward component since it was improper designed for UI embedding.  User please upgrade to 1.1.0 to fix this issue.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Helix Affected: 0.8.0 , ≤ 1.0.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
This issue was discovered by Everardo Padilla Saca
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-45402 (GCVE-0-2022-45402)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-15 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-30 15:55
VLAI
Title
Apache Airflow: Open redirect during login
Summary
In Apache Airflow versions prior to 2.4.3, there was an open redirect in the webserver's `/login` endpoint.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Airflow Affected: unspecified , < 2.4.3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
The Apache Airflow PMC would like to thank Bugra Eskici for reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-44488 (GCVE-0-2022-44488)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-21 01:21 – Updated: 2025-04-23 16:24
VLAI
Title
AEM URL Redirection to Untrusted Site Security feature bypass
Summary
Adobe Experience Manager version 6.5.14 (and earlier) is affected by a URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability. A low-privilege authenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to redirect users to malicious websites. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction.
Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') (CWE-601)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe Experience Manager Affected: unspecified , ≤ 6.5.14.0 (custom)
Affected: unspecified , ≤ None (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2022-12-13 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-43985 (GCVE-0-2022-43985)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-02 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-02 20:26
VLAI
Title
Apache Airflow prior to 2.4.2 has an open redirect
Summary
In Apache Airflow versions prior to 2.4.2, there was an open redirect in the webserver's `/confirm` endpoint.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Airflow Affected: unspecified , < 2.4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
The Apache Airflow PMC would like to thank Axel Chong (@Haxatron) [https://hackerone.com/haxatron1] for reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-43950 (GCVE-0-2022-43950)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-03 21:26 – Updated: 2024-10-22 20:46
VLAI
Summary
A URL redirection to untrusted site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability [CWE-601] in FortiNAC-F version 7.2.0, FortiNAC version 9.4.1 and below, 9.2 all versions, 9.1 all versions, 8.8 all versions, 8.7 all versions may allow an unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to any arbitrary website via a crafted URL.
Severity
3.9 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fortinet FortiNAC Affected: 9.4.0 , ≤ 9.4.1 (semver)
Affected: 9.2.0 , ≤ 9.2.7 (semver)
Affected: 9.1.0 , ≤ 9.1.9 (semver)
Affected: 8.8.0 , ≤ 8.8.11 (semver)
Affected: 8.7.0 , ≤ 8.7.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-43721 (GCVE-0-2022-43721)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-16 10:10 – Updated: 2025-04-07 15:01
VLAI
Title
Apache Superset: Open Redirect Vulnerability
Summary
An authenticated attacker with update datasets permission could change a dataset link to an untrusted site, users could be redirected to this site when clicking on that specific dataset. This issue affects Apache Superset version 1.5.2 and prior versions and version 2.0.0.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Superset Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.0.1 (semver)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.5.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Vladimir Razov (Positive Technologies)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.

Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).

Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.

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