CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2312 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JW7G-9H6R-CJ94
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-08 00:31 – Updated: 2026-01-08 00:31V-SOL GPON/EPON OLT Platform v2.03 contains an open redirect vulnerability in the script that allows attackers to manipulate the 'parent' GET parameter. Attackers can craft malicious links that redirect logged-in users to arbitrary websites by exploiting improper input validation in the redirect mechanism.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25282"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-08T00:15:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "V-SOL GPON/EPON OLT Platform v2.03 contains an open redirect vulnerability in the script that allows attackers to manipulate the \u0027parent\u0027 GET parameter. Attackers can craft malicious links that redirect logged-in users to arbitrary websites by exploiting improper input validation in the redirect mechanism.",
"id": "GHSA-jw7g-9h6r-cj94",
"modified": "2026-01-08T00:31:15Z",
"published": "2026-01-08T00:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25282"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2019090193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/167772"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154628"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vsolcn.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2019-5535.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JW7J-6GFH-6FRG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-16 09:31 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in wpWax Directorist directorist allows Phishing.This issue affects Directorist: from n/a through <= 8.5.6.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-64250"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-16T09:15:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in wpWax Directorist directorist allows Phishing.This issue affects Directorist: from n/a through \u003c= 8.5.6.",
"id": "GHSA-jw7j-6gfh-6frg",
"modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:13Z",
"published": "2025-12-16T09:31:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64250"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/directorist/vulnerability/wordpress-directorist-plugin-8-5-6-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/directorist/vulnerability/wordpress-directorist-plugin-8-5-6-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JW9V-4476-63RF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-26 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-05 00:00In JetBrains TeamCity before 2021.2.1, a redirection to an external site was possible.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24330"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-25T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In JetBrains TeamCity before 2021.2.1, a redirection to an external site was possible.",
"id": "GHSA-jw9v-4476-63rf",
"modified": "2022-03-05T00:00:56Z",
"published": "2022-02-26T00:00:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24330"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.jetbrains.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.jetbrains.com/blog/2022/02/08/jetbrains-security-bulletin-q4-2021"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JWRV-X6RX-8VFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-25 12:30 – Updated: 2024-05-20 21:42A vulnerability was found in Macaron i18n. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file i18n.go. The manipulation leads to open redirect. The attack can be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 0.5.0 can address this issue. The name of the patch is 329b0c4844cc16a5a253c011b55180598e707735. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-216745 was assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/go-macaron/i18n"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36627"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-30T17:19:29Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-25T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Macaron i18n. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file i18n.go. The manipulation leads to open redirect. The attack can be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 0.5.0 can address this issue. The name of the patch is 329b0c4844cc16a5a253c011b55180598e707735. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-216745 was assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-jwrv-x6rx-8vfm",
"modified": "2024-05-20T21:42:40Z",
"published": "2022-12-25T12:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36627"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-macaron/i18n/commit/329b0c4844cc16a5a253c011b55180598e707735"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/go-macaron/i18n"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-macaron/i18n/releases/tag/v0.5.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2022-1187"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.216745"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Macaron i18n Open Redirect vulnerability"
}
GHSA-JX4W-2GQJ-27R4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-26 06:30 – Updated: 2024-06-26 06:30Dell PowerProtect DD, versions prior to 8.0, LTS 7.13.1.0, LTS 7.10.1.30, LTS 7.7.5.40 contain an open redirect vulnerability. A remote low privileged attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37141"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-26T04:15:13Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Dell PowerProtect DD, versions prior to 8.0, LTS 7.13.1.0, LTS 7.10.1.30, LTS 7.7.5.40 contain an open redirect vulnerability. A remote low privileged attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-jx4w-2gqj-27r4",
"modified": "2024-06-26T06:30:29Z",
"published": "2024-06-26T06:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37141"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000226148/dsa-2024-219-dell-technologies-powerprotect-dd-security-update-for-multiple-security-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JX64-F3J9-23RQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-29 21:30 – Updated: 2025-09-29 21:30There is an unvalidated redirect vulnerability in Esri Portal for ArcGIS 11.4 and below that may allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to craft a URL that could redirect a victim to an arbitrary website, simplifying phishing attacks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57879"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-29T19:15:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "There is an unvalidated redirect vulnerability in Esri Portal for ArcGIS 11.4 and below that may allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to craft a URL that could redirect a victim to an arbitrary website, simplifying phishing attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-jx64-f3j9-23rq",
"modified": "2025-09-29T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2025-09-29T21:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57879"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/trust-arcgis/administration/portal-for-arcgis-security-2025-update-3-patch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JXP4-W2WQ-7W9Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-14 06:31 – Updated: 2023-02-21 21:30An unauthenticated attacker in AP NetWeaver Application Server for ABAP and ABAP Platform - versions 700, 702, 731, 740, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 789, 790, can craft a link which when clicked by an unsuspecting user can be used to redirect a user to a malicious site which could read or modify some sensitive information or expose the victim to a phishing attack. Vulnerability has no direct impact on availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23853"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-14T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated attacker in AP NetWeaver Application Server for ABAP and ABAP Platform - versions 700, 702, 731, 740, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 789, 790, can craft a link which when clicked by an unsuspecting user can be used to redirect a user to a malicious site which could read or modify some sensitive information or expose the victim to a phishing attack. Vulnerability has no direct impact on availability.",
"id": "GHSA-jxp4-w2wq-7w9q",
"modified": "2023-02-21T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-02-14T06:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23853"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3271227"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sap.com/documents/2022/02/fa865ea4-167e-0010-bca6-c68f7e60039b.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M242-WC86-8768
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-07-13 15:17 – Updated: 2024-10-25 21:16python-fedora 0.8.0 and lower is vulnerable to an open redirect, resulting in loss of CSRF protection.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "python-fedora"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.9.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-1002150"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:44:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-14T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "python-fedora 0.8.0 and lower is vulnerable to an open redirect, resulting in loss of CSRF protection.",
"id": "GHSA-m242-wc86-8768",
"modified": "2024-10-25T21:16:44Z",
"published": "2018-07-13T15:17:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-1002150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fedora-infra/python-fedora/commit/b27f38a67573f4c989710c9bfb726dd4c1eeb929"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fedora-infra/python-fedora/commit/b27f38a67573f4c989710c9bfb726dd4c1eeb929.patch"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-m242-wc86-8768"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/fedora-infra/python-fedora"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/python-fedora/PYSEC-2017-27.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "python-fedora vulnerable to an open redirect resulting in loss of CSRF protection"
}
GHSA-M29C-GMM3-C3V9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-08 12:31 – Updated: 2026-05-08 12:31Open redirection vulnerability in the latest demo version of the Cradle eCommerce platform. The vulnerability occurs in the login form endpoint, where the ‘returnUrl’ parameter allows redirection because the web application accepts a URL as a parameter without properly validating it. As a result, it is possible to redirect users from the legitimate website to external pages. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to deceive users and redirect them from a trusted URL to a malicious one without their knowledge.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-3318"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-08T12:16:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirection vulnerability in the latest demo version of the Cradle eCommerce platform. The vulnerability occurs in the login form endpoint, where the \u2018returnUrl\u2019 parameter allows redirection because the web application accepts a URL as a parameter without properly validating it. As a result, it is possible to redirect users from the legitimate website to external pages. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to deceive users and redirect them from a trusted URL to a malicious one without their knowledge.",
"id": "GHSA-m29c-gmm3-c3v9",
"modified": "2026-05-08T12:31:57Z",
"published": "2026-05-08T12:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3318"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-cradle-e-commerce"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-M2FX-WQ5J-8657
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-10 21:30 – Updated: 2025-07-25 15:30Redirection of users to a vulnerable URL in Citrix Workspace app for HTML5
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6149"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-10T21:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Redirection of users to a vulnerable URL in\u00a0Citrix Workspace app for HTML5",
"id": "GHSA-m2fx-wq5j-8657",
"modified": "2025-07-25T15:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-07-10T21:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX678037"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.