Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-488
Weakness AllowedExposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not sufficiently enforce boundaries between the states of different sessions, causing data to be provided to, or used by, the wrong session.
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.
Modes of introduction
Implementation
In the case of Servlets, developers sometimes do not understand that, unless a Servlet implements the SingleThreadModel interface, the Servlet is a singleton; there is only one instance of the Servlet, and that single instance is used and re-used to handle multiple requests that are processed simultaneously by different threads. A common result is that developers use Servlet member fields in such a way that one user may inadvertently see another user's data.
Implementation
REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Effectiveness: High
Content history
Submission: 7 Pernicious Kingdoms
· 2006-07-19
· CWE Draft 3
Modification: Eric Dalci
· Cigital
· 2008-07-01
· CWE 1.0
updated Potential_Mitigations, Time_of_Introduction
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2008-09-08
· CWE 1.0
updated Description, Relationships, Other_Notes, Taxonomy_Mappings
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-05-27
· CWE 1.4
updated Demonstrative_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-10-29
· CWE 1.6
updated Description, Other_Notes
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2010-09-27
· CWE 1.10
updated Potential_Mitigations
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2010-12-13
· CWE 1.11
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-03-29
· CWE 1.12
updated Name
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-06-01
· CWE 1.13
updated Common_Consequences
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-09-13
· CWE 2.1
updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2012-05-11
· CWE 2.2
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2012-10-30
· CWE 2.3
updated Potential_Mitigations
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2014-07-30
· CWE 2.8
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2017-11-08
· CWE 3.0
updated Applicable_Platforms, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-02-24
· CWE 4.0
updated References, Relationships, Type
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-03-15
· CWE 4.4
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-04-27
· CWE 4.11
updated Detection_Factors, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-06-29
· CWE 4.12
updated Mapping_Notes
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2025-12-11
· CWE 4.19
updated Weakness_Ordinalities
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2026-10-28
· CWE 5.0
updated Common_Consequences, Description, Functional_Areas, Modes_of_Introduction, References
101 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-122233 (GCVE-0-2026-122233)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-04 21:06 – Updated: 2026-11-04 21:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FrankenPHP before 1.13.4 Cross-Request Response Header Leak in Worker Mode
Summary
FrankenPHP before 1.13.4 contains an information disclosure vulnerability in worker mode that fails to clear last HTTP stream response headers between requests, because the reset only happens in RSHUTDOWN, which worker requests skip. Later requests calling http_get_last_response_headers() can read headers fetched by earlier requests on the same worker thread, exposing other users' Set-Cookie or token headers from backend APIs.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/php/frankenphp/security/adviso… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/php/frankenphp/commit/3fade63b… | patch |
| https://github.com/php/frankenphp/releases/tag/v1.13.4 | release-notes |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/frankenphp-b… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| php | frankenphp |
Affected:
0 , < 1.13.4
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:php:frankenphp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-10-26 16:53
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CVE-2026-121966 (GCVE-0-2026-121966)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-04 15:33 – Updated: 2026-11-04 18:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Traefik before 2.11.60 and 3.7.16 ForwardAuth NTLM/Negotiate Identity Leak
Summary
Traefik 2.x before 2.11.60 and 3.x before 3.7.16 sends ForwardAuth subrequests (and, in 3.7, Ingress NGINX auth-url requests) through an auth-server connection pool shared by all clients, exposing connection-bound NTLM or Negotiate authentication. An unauthenticated attacker can reuse another user's authenticated connection, receiving the victim's identity via authResponseHeaders to access backends as that user.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 18:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/traefik-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-21 00:00
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CVE-2026-120634 (GCVE-0-2026-120634)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 23:40 – Updated: 2026-11-03 23:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CGI::Carp versions before 5.00 for Perl leak warnings across requests in persistent environments via the warningsToBrowser buffer
Summary
CGI::Carp versions before 5.00 for Perl leak warnings across requests in persistent environments via the warningsToBrowser buffer.
Warnings are held in a package-level buffer until warningsToBrowser writes them into the page as HTML comments, and the buffer is never cleared between requests. Under mod_perl, FastCGI or PSGI, warnings from one request are written into a later one.
Warnings that contain one user's request data can appear in the HTML sent to another user.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://metacpan.org/release/LEEJO/CGI-4.72/sourc… | technical-description |
| https://metacpan.org/release/LEEJO/CGI-5.00/changes | release-notes |
| https://github.com/leejo/CGI.pm/commit/604a83fec1… | patch |
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CVE-2026-115419 (GCVE-0-2026-115419)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-22 20:04 – Updated: 2026-10-30 19:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unintended disclosure of data element to wrong session in Strands Agents SDK A2A Server
Summary
The A2A server component in Amazon Strands Agents SDK for Python before 1.43.0 and Amazon Strands Agents SDK for TypeScript before 1.5.0 does not properly isolate conversation state between callers. An authenticated remote user could read other tenants' conversation history and add persistent instructions that alter model behavior for subsequent callers via HTTP requests to the A2A endpoint using a different context_id.
To mitigate this issue, users should upgrade to strands-agents 1.43.0 (Python) or @strands-agents/sdk 1.5.0 (TypeScript).
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-30 19:30 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of data element to wrong session
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://pypi.org/project/strands-agents/1.43.0/ | release-notespatch |
| https://www.npmjs.com/package/@strands-agents/sdk… | release-notespatch |
| https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletin… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/strands-agents/harness-sdk/sec… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AWS | strands-agents |
Affected:
0 , < 1.43.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:aws:strands-agents:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| AWS | strands-agents/sdk |
Affected:
0 , < 1.5.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:aws:strands-agents_sdk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-114637 (GCVE-0-2026-114637)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-22 01:43 – Updated: 2026-10-28 18:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Traefik v3.2.0 before v3.7.14 FastProxy NTLM/Negotiate Connection Pool Identity Leak
Summary
Traefik from v3.2.0 before v3.7.14 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the experimental FastProxy connection pool, which fails to pin NTLM/Negotiate-authenticated backend connections to their frontend connection. Unauthenticated clients can be handed a pooled keep-alive backend connection where a victim completed an NTLM or Negotiate handshake, letting them read victim data and act as that victim.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-28 18:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/traefik-3.2.… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-07 00:00
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CVE-2026-112921 (GCVE-0-2026-112921)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 21:37 – Updated: 2026-10-30 17:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Robots::Validate versions from 0.4.3 before 0.4.10 for Perl report clients as imposter robots when User-Agent matcher state carries over from a previous request
Summary
Robots::Validate versions from 0.4.3 before 0.4.10 for Perl report clients as imposter robots when User-Agent matcher state carries over from a previous request.
Each Robots::Validate object holds one pure-Perl Aho-Corasick search machine and feeds every User-Agent into it without resetting its state. A User-Agent that ends part-way through a robot name leaves the machine mid-match, so the next User-Agent checked by the same object can complete that name. That client's address is then checked against the robot's DNS rule, which it fails.
A remote client can use this to make a site that blocks bad robots block other visitors where the prefix User-Agent string is a suffix of a robot being validated.
Note that deployments with Algorithm::AhoCorasick::XS are also affected, since it was unused due to a different bug.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-30 17:25 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
4 references
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CVE-2026-103869 (GCVE-0-2026-103869)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 05:46 – Updated: 2026-10-14 22:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pulp-ansible: bearer tokens are reused across remotes in a worker
Summary
A flaw was found in pulp-ansible's bearer-token refresh for collection remotes. The access token is kept in one module-level variable and reused for every token download in that worker. A user who can sync an Ansible remote that uses token refresh, and can point that remote at a server they control, receives an access token obtained for a different remote, and can reuse it at the service that issued it. Content stored in Pulp is not changed, and the service is not stopped.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 18:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-103869 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2544603 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6
|
Date Public
2026-10-07 05:34
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CVE-2026-103868 (GCVE-0-2026-103868)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 05:46 – Updated: 2026-10-14 22:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pulp-container: registry credentials are reused across remotes in a worker
Summary
A flaw was found in pulp-container when it authenticates to an upstream registry. Basic and bearer credentials from one remote are reused for later downloads in the same worker. A user who can sync a container remote, and can point that remote at a server they control, receives the username, password, or bearer token stored for a different remote, and can reuse that credential at the upstream registry. Content stored in Pulp is not changed, and the service is not stopped.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 14:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-103868 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2544601 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Update Infrastructure 4 for Cloud Providers |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:4::el8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9
|
Date Public
2026-10-07 05:34
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CVE-2026-103544 (GCVE-0-2026-103544)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-01 06:15 – Updated: 2026-10-01 14:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
datadrivenconstruction OpenConstructionERP Al Provider Configuration ai_client.py wrong session
Summary
A vulnerability was found in datadrivenconstruction OpenConstructionERP up to 14.8.1. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file backend/app/modules/ai/ai_client.py of the component Al Provider Configuration Handler. Performing a manipulation results in exposure of data element to wrong session. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. Upgrading to version 15.0.0 is sufficient to resolve this issue. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 14:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/412354 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/412354/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-103544 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/957984 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/datadrivenconstruction/OpenCon… | exploit |
| https://github.com/datadrivenconstruction/OpenCon… | patch |
| https://github.com/datadrivenconstruction/OpenCon… | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| datadrivenconstruction | OpenConstructionERP |
Affected:
14.8.0
Affected: 14.8.1 Unaffected: 15.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:datadrivenconstruction:openconstructionerp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-88017 (GCVE-0-2026-88017)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 15:55 – Updated: 2026-09-11 20:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
rclone: FTP cross-session auth-proxy backend confusion
Summary
rclone is a command-line program to sync files and directories to and from different cloud storage providers. From 1.64.0 until 1.75.1, the FTP auth-proxy driver in cmd/serve/ftp/ftp.go stores one obscured password per username in the server-wide userPass map[string]string instead of binding the credential or VFS to the authenticated session. If two accepted credentials use the same username but resolve to different proxy backends, a later CheckPasswd login overwrites userPass[user], and subsequent getVFS operations on the first session are reauthorized with the later password. The first session can then read, create, overwrite, rename, or delete objects using the second credential’s backend authority. Exploitation requires the later same-username login to occur while the first session remains open. This issue is fixed in version 1.75.1.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 16:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-488 - Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/rclone/rclone/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/rclone/rclone/commit/c6af0b57c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rclone/rclone/releases/tag/v1.75.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Protect the application's sessions from information leakage. Make sure that a session's data is not used or visible by other sessions.
Mitigation
Testing
Use a static analysis tool to scan the code for information leakage vulnerabilities (e.g. Singleton Member Field).
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
In a multithreading environment, storing user data in Servlet member fields introduces a data access race condition. Do not use member fields to store information in the Servlet.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.