Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-444
AllowedInconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
656 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-4366 (GCVE-0-2025-4366)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 15:50 – Updated: 2025-06-18 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Request Smuggling Vulnerability in Pingora
Summary
A request smuggling vulnerability identified within Pingora’s proxying framework, pingora-proxy, allows malicious HTTP requests to be injected via manipulated request bodies on cache HITs, leading to unauthorized request execution and potential cache poisoning.
Fixed in: https://github.com/cloudflare/pingora/commit/fda3317ec822678564d641e7cf1c9b77ee3759ff https://github.com/cloudflare/pingora/commit/fda3317ec822678564d641e7cf1c9b77ee3759ff
Impact: The issue could lead to request smuggling in cases where Pingora’s proxying framework, pingora-proxy, is used for caching allowing an attacker to manipulate headers and URLs in subsequent requests made on the same HTTP/1.1 connection.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-22 18:30 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Date Public
2025-05-22 15:11
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CVE-2025-3110 (GCVE-0-2025-3110)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 16:19 – Updated: 2026-07-08 16:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
OpenVPN Access Server 2.7.2 through 3.1.0 accepts bare line-feed sequences inside HTTP header values, allowing remote attackers to perform HTTP request smuggling when deployed behind a reverse proxy
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 16:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests ('HTTP Request/Response smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://openvpn.net/as-docs/as-3-2-release-notes.html | release-notes |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenVPN | Access Server |
Affected:
2.7.2 , ≤ 3.1.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-1867 (GCVE-0-2025-1867)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-03 08:48 – Updated: 2025-03-03 16:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP Response Smuggling Vulnerability in libhv
Summary
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in ithewei libhv allows HTTP Response Smuggling.This issue affects libhv: through 1.3.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-03 16:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ithewei/libhv/pull/689 | patch |
Date Public
2025-03-03 08:46
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CVE-2025-0752 (GCVE-0-2025-0752)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-28 09:29 – Updated: 2026-02-24 08:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Envoyproxy: openshift service mesh envoy http header sanitization bypass leading to dos and unauthorized access
Summary
A flaw was found in OpenShift Service Mesh 2.6.3 and 2.5.6. Rate-limiter avoidance, access-control bypass, CPU and memory exhaustion, and replay attacks may be possible due to improper HTTP header sanitization in Envoy.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-28 14:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0752 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2339115 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
2.6.3
(semver)
Affected: 2.5.6 (semver) |
|||
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:2
|
Date Public
2025-01-21 00:00
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CVE-2024-53868 (GCVE-0-2024-53868)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-03 08:59 – Updated: 2025-04-18 14:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Traffic Server: Malformed chunked message body allows request smuggling
Summary
Apache Traffic Server allows request smuggling if chunked messages are malformed.
This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 9.2.0 through 9.2.9, from 10.0.0 through 10.0.4.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.2.10 or 10.0.5, which fixes the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-18 14:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Traffic Server |
Affected:
9.2.0 , ≤ 9.2.9
(semver)
Affected: 10.0.0 , ≤ 10.0.4 (semver) |
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CVE-2024-53008 (GCVE-0-2024-53008)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-28 02:10 – Updated: 2024-11-29 20:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') issue exists in HAProxy. If this vulnerability is exploited, a remote attacker may access a path that is restricted by ACL (Access Control List) set on the product. As a result, the attacker may obtain sensitive information.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-29 20:53 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HAProxy Project | HAProxy 2.6 |
Affected:
2.6.18 and earlier
|
|
| HAProxy Project | HAProxy 2.8 |
Affected:
2.8.10 and earlier
|
|
| HAProxy Project | HAProxy 2.9 |
Affected:
2.9.9 and earlier
|
|
| HAProxy Project | HAProxy 3.0 |
Affected:
3.0.2 and earlier
|
|
| haproxy | haproxy |
Affected:
2.6 , ≤ 2.6.18
(custom)
Affected: 2.8 , ≤ 2.8.10 (custom) Affected: 2.9 , ≤ 2.9.9 (custom) Affected: 3.0 , ≤ 3.0.2 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:haproxy:haproxy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-52304 (GCVE-0-2024-52304)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-18 20:12 – Updated: 2025-11-03 20:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
aiohttp vulnerable to request smuggling due to incorrect parsing of chunk extensions
Summary
aiohttp is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.10.11, the Python parser parses newlines in chunk extensions incorrectly which can lead to request smuggling vulnerabilities under certain conditions. If a pure Python version of aiohttp is installed (i.e. without the usual C extensions) or `AIOHTTP_NO_EXTENSIONS` is enabled, then an attacker may be able to execute a request smuggling attack to bypass certain firewalls or proxy protections. Version 3.10.11 fixes the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-19 15:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/commit/259edc… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-49768 (GCVE-0-2024-49768)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-29 14:32 – Updated: 2024-10-29 14:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Waitress has request processing race condition in HTTP pipelining with invalid first request
Summary
Waitress is a Web Server Gateway Interface server for Python 2 and 3. A remote client may send a request that is exactly recv_bytes (defaults to 8192) long, followed by a secondary request using HTTP pipelining. When request lookahead is disabled (default) we won't read any more requests, and when the first request fails due to a parsing error, we simply close the connection. However when request lookahead is enabled, it is possible to process and receive the first request, start sending the error message back to the client while we read the next request and queue it. This will allow the secondary request to be serviced by the worker thread while the connection should be closed. Waitress 3.0.1 fixes the race condition. As a workaround, disable channel_request_lookahead, this is set to 0 by default disabling this feature.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-29 14:54 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Pylons/waitress/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Pylons/waitress/commit/e435901… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2024-42342 (GCVE-0-2024-42342)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-08 11:58 – Updated: 2024-09-10 14:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Loway - CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Summary
Loway - CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-10 14:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Loway | QueueMetrics |
Affected:
22.11.6 , ≤ Upgrade to version 24.05.5 or enable "Secure Configuration"
(custom)
|
Date Public
2024-09-08 11:54
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CVE-2024-41671 (GCVE-0-2024-41671)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-29 14:37 – Updated: 2025-11-03 22:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
twisted.web has disordered HTTP pipeline response
Summary
Twisted is an event-based framework for internet applications, supporting Python 3.6+. The HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 server provided by twisted.web could process pipelined HTTP requests out-of-order, possibly resulting in information disclosure. This vulnerability is fixed in 24.7.0rc1.
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-29 18:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/twisted/twisted/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/046a164… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/4a930de… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/disordered… | |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… |
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Implementation
Use a web server that employs a strict HTTP parsing procedure, such as Apache [REF-433].
Mitigation
Implementation
Use only SSL communication.
Mitigation
Implementation
Terminate the client session after each request.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Turn all pages to non-cacheable.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-33: HTTP Request Smuggling
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.