Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-288
AllowedAuthentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product requires authentication, but the product has an alternate path or channel that does not require authentication.
1179 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-0674 (GCVE-0-2025-0674)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-06 23:42 – Updated: 2025-02-12 19:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Elber Communications Equipment Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Summary
Multiple Elber products are affected by an authentication bypass
vulnerability which allows unauthorized access to the password
management functionality. Attackers can exploit this issue by
manipulating the endpoint to overwrite any user's password within the
system. This grants them unauthorized administrative access to protected
areas of the application, compromising the device's system security.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-07 15:16 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elber | Signum DVB-S/S2 IRD |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.999
(custom)
|
|
| Elber | Cleber/3 Broadcast Multi-Purpose Platform |
Affected:
1.0
|
|
| Elber | Reble610 M/ODU XPIC IP-ASI-SDH |
Affected:
0.01
|
|
| Elber | ESE DVB-S/S2 Satellite Receiver |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.5.179
(custom)
|
|
| Elber | Wayber Analog/Digital Audio STL |
Affected:
4
|
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CVE-2025-0549 (GCVE-0-2025-0549)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-09 16:13 – Updated: 2025-05-09 19:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 17.3 prior to 17.9.8, from 17.10 prior to 17.10.6, and from 17.11 prior to 17.11.2. A security vulnerability allows attackers to bypass Device OAuth flow protections, enabling authorization form submission through minimal user interaction.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-09 19:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/513996 | issue-trackingpermissions-required |
| https://hackerone.com/reports/2927555 | technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-0364 (GCVE-0-2025-0364)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-04 17:51 – Updated: 2026-05-14 02:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BigAntSoft BigAnt Server Account Registration Bypass to File Upload RCE
Summary
BigAntSoft BigAnt Server, up to and including version 5.6.06, is vulnerable to unauthenticated remote code execution via account registration. An unauthenticated remote attacker can create an administrative user through the default exposed SaaS registration mechanism. Once an administrator, the attacker can upload and execute arbitrary PHP code using the "Cloud Storage Addin," leading to unauthenticated code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-28 19:39 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BigAntSoft | BigAnt Server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.6.06
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:bigantsoft:bigant_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-0316 (GCVE-0-2025-0316)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-08 21:20 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WP Directorybox Manager <= 2.5 - Authentication Bypass
Summary
The WP Directorybox Manager plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in versions up to, and including, 2.5. This is due to incorrect authentication in the 'wp_dp_enquiry_agent_contact_form_submit_callback' function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if they have access to the username.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-10 13:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpstudio | WP Directorybox Manager |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.5
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-0181 (GCVE-0-2025-0181)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 06:54 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WP Foodbakery <= 4.8 - Authentication Bypass in foodbakery_parse_request
Summary
The WP Foodbakery plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions up to, and including, 4.8. This is due to the plugin not properly validating a user's identity prior to setting the current user and their authentication cookie. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to gain access to a target user's (e.g. administrators) account.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-11 15:27 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpstudio | WP Foodbakery |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.8
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-0159 (GCVE-0-2025-0159)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-28 19:01 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM FlashSystem authentication bypass
Summary
IBM FlashSystem (IBM Storage Virtualize (8.5.0.0 through 8.5.0.13, 8.5.1.0, 8.5.2.0 through 8.5.2.3, 8.5.3.0 through 8.5.3.1, 8.5.4.0, 8.6.0.0 through 8.6.0.5, 8.6.1.0, 8.6.2.0 through 8.6.2.1, 8.6.3.0, 8.7.0.0 through 8.7.0.2, 8.7.1.0, 8.7.2.0 through 8.7.2.1) could allow a remote attacker to bypass RPCAdapter endpoint authentication by sending a specifically crafted HTTP request.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-07 04:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7184182 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Storage Virtualize |
Affected:
8.5.0.0 , ≤ 8.5.0.13
(semver)
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CVE-2024-56325 (GCVE-0-2024-56325)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-01 09:07 – Updated: 2025-10-27 17:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Pinot: Authentication bypass issue. If the path does not contain / and contain . authentication is not required
Summary
Authentication Bypass Issue
If the path does not contain / and contain., authentication is not required.
Expected Normal Request and Response Example
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d {\"username\":\"hack2\",\"password\":\"hack\",\"component\":\"CONTROLLER\",\"role\":\"ADMIN\",\"tables\":[],\"permissions\":[],\"usernameWithComponent\":\"hack_CONTROLLER\"} http://{server_ip}:9000/users
Return: {"code":401,"error":"HTTP 401 Unauthorized"}
Malicious Request and Response Example
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{\"username\":\"hack\",\"password\":\"hack\",\"component\":\"CONTROLLER\",\"role\":\"ADMIN\",\"tables\":[],\"permissions\":[],\"usernameWithComponent\":\"hack_CONTROLLER\"}' http://{serverip}:9000/users; http://{serverip}:9000/users; .
Return: {"users":{}}
A new user gets added bypassing authentication, enabling the user to control Pinot.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-18 14:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Pinot |
Affected:
0 , < 1.3
(maven)
|
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CVE-2024-56044 (GCVE-0-2024-56044)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-31 13:17 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress WPLMS plugin <= 1.9.9 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary User Token Generation vulnerability
Summary
Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability in VibeThemes WPLMS wplms_plugin allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects WPLMS: from n/a through <= 1.9.9.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-31 15:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| VibeThemes | WPLMS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.9.9
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-04-01 16:30
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CVE-2024-56013 (GCVE-0-2024-56013)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-16 14:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress Wovax IDX plugin <= 1.2.2 - Account Takeover vulnerability
Summary
Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability in wovax Wovax IDX wovax-idx allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects Wovax IDX: from n/a through <= 1.2.2.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-16 16:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Date Public
2026-04-01 16:30
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CVE-2024-55591 (GCVE-0-2024-55591)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-14 14:08 – Updated: 2026-08-05 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability [CWE-288] affecting FortiOS version 7.0.0 through 7.0.16 and FortiProxy version 7.0.0 through 7.0.19 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.12 allows a remote attacker to gain super-admin privileges via crafted requests to Node.js websocket module.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-22 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-288 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535 | |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortinet | FortiOS |
Affected:
7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.16
(semver)
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|
| Fortinet | FortiProxy |
Affected:
7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.12
(semver)
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"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "FortiProxy",
"vendor": "Fortinet",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.12",
"status": "affected",
"version": "7.2.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.19",
"status": "affected",
"version": "7.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "An\u00a0Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability [CWE-288] affecting FortiOS version 7.0.0 through 7.0.16 and FortiProxy version 7.0.0 through 7.0.19 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.12 allows a remote attacker to gain super-admin privileges via crafted requests to\u00a0Node.js websocket module."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.6,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-288",
"description": "Execute unauthorized code or commands",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-08T12:55:22.692Z",
"orgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
"shortName": "fortinet"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535",
"url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Upgrade to FortiOS version 7.0.17 or above\nUpgrade to FortiProxy version 7.2.13 or above\nUpgrade to FortiProxy version 7.0.20 or above"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
"assignerShortName": "fortinet",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-55591",
"datePublished": "2025-01-14T14:08:34.207Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-12-09T11:19:49.470Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T03:55:59.430Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Funnel all access through a single choke point to simplify how users can access a resource. For every access, perform a check to determine if the user has permissions to access the resource.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.