Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-203
AllowedObservable Discrepancy
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product behaves differently or sends different responses under different circumstances in a way that is observable to an unauthorized actor.
886 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9J8P-G942-2M9H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:04
VLAI
Details
Improper permissions in the installer for the Intel(R) Brand Verification Tool before version 11.0.0.1225 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0086"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-09T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper permissions in the installer for the Intel(R) Brand Verification Tool before version 11.0.0.1225 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-9j8p-g942-2m9h",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:04:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:04:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/H36U6CNREC436W6GYO7QUMJIVEA35SCV"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SVA2NY26MMXOODUMYZN5DCU3FXMBMBOB"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00516.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00546.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/06/08/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/06/09/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/06/10/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9MPJ-44VG-WF94
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:38
VLAI
Details
An email address enumeration vulnerability exists in the password reset function of Rocket.Chat through 3.7.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28208"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-08T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An email address enumeration vulnerability exists in the password reset function of Rocket.Chat through 3.7.1.",
"id": "GHSA-9mpj-44vg-wf94",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:38:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:38:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://trovent.github.io/security-advisories/TRSA-2010-01/TRSA-2010-01.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://trovent.io/security-advisory-2010-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160845/Rocket.Chat-3.7.1-Email-Address-Enumeration.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jan/32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jan/43"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/01/07/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/01/08/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/01/13/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9MQW-QC3X-X476
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-18 15:31 – Updated: 2026-08-18 15:31
VLAI
Details
The Zabbix API host.get action can be exploited by authenticated users to extract a host's PSK key leading to potential loss of data integrity.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-23937"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-18T13:17:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Zabbix API host.get action can be exploited by authenticated users to extract a host\u0027s PSK key leading to potential loss of data integrity.",
"id": "GHSA-9mqw-qc3x-x476",
"modified": "2026-08-18T15:31:37Z",
"published": "2026-08-18T15:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.zabbix.com/browse/ZBX-28074"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9P7X-8C57-4PQV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 21:30 – Updated: 2025-09-11 13:30
VLAI
Summary
Liferay Portal exposes ERC which can lead to exploit the time response attack
Details
Enumeration of ERC from object entry in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.128, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q3.0 through 2024.Q3.1, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.12, 2023.Q4.0 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allow attackers to determine existent ERC in the application by exploit the time response.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.portal.vulcan.impl"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.7"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.127"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.headless.admin.workflow.impl"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.4"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.83"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.liferay:com.liferay.portal.workflow.api"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.1"
},
{
"fixed": "11.0.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43786"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203",
"CWE-208"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-11T13:30:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T20:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Enumeration of ERC from object entry in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.128, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q3.0 through 2024.Q3.1, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.12, 2023.Q4.0 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allow attackers to determine existent ERC in the application by exploit the time response.",
"id": "GHSA-9p7x-8c57-4pqv",
"modified": "2025-09-11T13:30:32Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T21:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/commit/8f9728086bd61661437b0aa8493c83510914a474"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/commit/e34499eab2ce1d544835835afe6733a78b4ab532"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/commit/e4a140d6d92e92911f08fe33051b677742531f19"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://liferay.atlassian.net/browse/LPE-18106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://liferay.dev/portal/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/jekt/content/CVE-2025-43786"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Liferay Portal exposes ERC which can lead to exploit the time response attack"
}
GHSA-9Q7X-6RCG-JFJW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-30 18:30 – Updated: 2023-11-07 03:30
VLAI
Details
In Input Method, there is a possible way to determine whether an app is installed, without query permissions, due to side channel information disclosure. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21336"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-30T17:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Input Method, there is a possible way to determine whether an app is installed, without query permissions, due to side channel information disclosure. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-9q7x-6rcg-jfjw",
"modified": "2023-11-07T03:30:25Z",
"published": "2023-10-30T18:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/android-14"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9QC2-2RHF-VF42
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-29 02:59 – Updated: 2022-04-29 02:59
VLAI
Details
ProFTPD 1.2.x, including 1.2.8 and 1.2.10, responds in a different amount of time when a given username exists, which allows remote attackers to identify valid usernames by timing the server response.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2004-1602"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2004-10-15T04:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "ProFTPD 1.2.x, including 1.2.8 and 1.2.10, responds in a different amount of time when a given username exists, which allows remote attackers to identify valid usernames by timing the server response.",
"id": "GHSA-9qc2-2rhf-vf42",
"modified": "2022-04-29T02:59:53Z",
"published": "2022-04-29T02:59:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2004-1602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/17724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=109786760926133\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.lss.hr/index.php?page=details\u0026ID=LSS-2004-10-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1011687"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/11430"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9QG4-G9PW-V84X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-30 18:30 – Updated: 2023-11-07 03:30
VLAI
Details
In PackageManagerNative, there is a possible way to determine whether an app is installed, without query permissions, due to side channel information disclosure. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21293"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-30T17:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In PackageManagerNative, there is a possible way to determine whether an app is installed, without query permissions, due to side channel information disclosure. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-9qg4-g9pw-v84x",
"modified": "2023-11-07T03:30:25Z",
"published": "2023-10-30T18:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21293"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/android-14"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9QGH-MJ3F-5GW3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-28 21:30
VLAI
Details
Observable discrepancy in CustomTabs in Google Chrome on on Android prior to 152.0.7977.65 allowed a local attacker to obtain cross-origin data via a co-installed app. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-78936"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T21:17:49Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Observable discrepancy in CustomTabs in Google Chrome on on Android prior to 152.0.7977.65 allowed a local attacker to obtain cross-origin data via a co-installed app. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-9qgh-mj3f-5gw3",
"modified": "2026-08-28T21:30:55Z",
"published": "2026-08-25T21:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/08/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0256176589.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/517095594"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9QRW-6V85-2PPR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-19 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:44
VLAI
Details
User enumeration vulnerability in Arconte Áurea 1.5.0.0 version. The exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to obtain a list of registered users in the application, obtaining the necessary information to perform more complex attacks on the platform.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-4095"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203",
"CWE-204"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-19T14:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "User enumeration vulnerability in Arconte \u00c1urea 1.5.0.0 version. The exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to obtain a list of registered users in the application, obtaining the necessary information to perform more complex attacks on the platform.",
"id": "GHSA-9qrw-6v85-2ppr",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:44:04Z",
"published": "2023-09-19T15:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4095"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-fujitsu-arconte-aurea"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RRV-4C84-5VM3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-26 12:30 – Updated: 2024-12-26 12:30
VLAI
Details
Some Honor products are affected by information leak vulnerability, successful exploitation could cause the information leak.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-47154"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-203"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-26T12:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Some Honor products are affected by information leak vulnerability, successful exploitation could cause the information leak.",
"id": "GHSA-9rrv-4c84-5vm3",
"modified": "2024-12-26T12:30:45Z",
"published": "2024-12-26T12:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47154"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.honor.com/global/security/cve-2024-47154"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
CAPEC-189: Black Box Reverse Engineering
An adversary discovers the structure, function, and composition of a type of computer software through black box analysis techniques. 'Black Box' methods involve interacting with the software indirectly, in the absence of direct access to the executable object. Such analysis typically involves interacting with the software at the boundaries of where the software interfaces with a larger execution environment, such as input-output vectors, libraries, or APIs. Black Box Reverse Engineering also refers to gathering physical side effects of a hardware device, such as electromagnetic radiation or sounds.