Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
12667 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-19643 (GCVE-0-2026-19643)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 19:38 – Updated: 2026-08-13 12:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-of-bounds read in the Base64 decoder in Amazon aws-sdk-cpp on signed-char platforms
Summary
An out-of-bounds read issue in the Base64 decoder in Amazon aws-sdk-cpp before 1.11.862, on some platforms, might allow a remote authenticated user to crash an application that processes crafted Base64-encoded input.
To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 1.11.862.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 12:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds read
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-cpp/releases/tag/1… | release-notespatch |
| https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletin… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-cpp/security/advis… | release-notes |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AWS | aws-sdk-cpp |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.11.861
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:aws:aws-sdk-cpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-19317 (GCVE-0-2026-19317)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 23:24 – Updated: 2026-09-03 20:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fireware OS Pre-Authentication Out-of-Bounds Read in iked Allows Denial of Service (DoS)
Summary
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to create a Denial of Service (DoS) condition in VPN processing by sending specially crafted network traffic.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 16:48 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-19317 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
2025.0 , < 2026.2.2
(custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.2 (custom) Affected: 2026.3 , < 2026.3.1 (custom) |
|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
12.0 , < 12.5.20
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-08-27 23:24
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CVE-2026-19315 (GCVE-0-2026-19315)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 23:24 – Updated: 2026-09-03 20:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fireware OS Pre-Authentication Type Confusion in iked Allows Remote Code Execution
Summary
A type confusion vulnerability in the iked process of WatchGuard Fireware OS allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code by sending specially crafted network traffic.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-29 03:55 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-19315 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
2025.0 , < 2026.2.2
(custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.2 (custom) Affected: 2026.3 , < 2026.3.1 (custom) |
|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
12.0 , < 12.5.20
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-08-27 23:24
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CVE-2026-19086 (GCVE-0-2026-19086)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 21:03 – Updated: 2026-09-15 17:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in PASE [, ]
Summary
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a denial of service as a result of a buffer overflow in a PASE process. An authenticated attacker could leverage this to terminate their own process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 17:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7287409 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | i |
Affected:
7.6
Affected: 7.5 Affected: 7.4 Affected: 7.3 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-19082 (GCVE-0-2026-19082)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 17:56 – Updated: 2026-08-07 20:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.034 for Perl may expose adjacent heap bytes via strlen() over-read from zero-count ASCII EXIF entries in copy_string_tags
Summary
Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.034 for Perl may expose adjacent heap bytes via strlen() over-read from zero-count ASCII EXIF entries in copy_string_tags.
copy_string_tags() computes an ASCII EXIF tag's length as `entry->size - 1` to strip the trailing NUL. A zero-count ASCII entry sets `entry->size` to 0, and the derived length reaches i_tags_add() as -1, which is interpreted as a request to call strlen(), scanning past the entry to the next NUL and copying those bytes into the tag. JPEG reaches this path via im_decode_exif(), as does the separate Imager::File::WEBP distribution, which is fixed by upgrading Imager.
Any caller of Imager->read() on an attacker-supplied image with such an entry may receive an exif_* tag holding adjacent heap bytes instead of an empty string.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 18:21 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-19029 (GCVE-0-2026-19029)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 20:01 – Updated: 2026-10-07 16:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HDF5 scale-offset filter heap buffer over-read via crafted chunk
Summary
A heap-based buffer over-read in H5Z__filter_scaleoffset() in src/H5Zscaleoffset.c in HDF5 through 2.2.0 lets an attacker cause a denial of service (application crash) with a crafted HDF5 file. When the stored minimum bits equal the full precision of the datatype, the decoder copies d_nelmts * size bytes from the compressed chunk without checking that the chunk holds that many bytes. Both values come from attacker-controlled scale-offset filter parameters in the dataset's filter pipeline message.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 16:04 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds read
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The HDF Group | HDF5 |
Affected:
< 2.2.0
|
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CVE-2026-19028 (GCVE-0-2026-19028)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 23:15 – Updated: 2026-10-06 20:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HDF5 integer underflow in Fletcher32 filter leads to massive out-of-bounds read
Summary
H5Z__filter_fletcher32 in H5Zfletcher32.c in HDF5 prior to 2.3.0 computes the data length to checksum by subtracting the 4-byte trailing checksum size from the input buffer size without checking that the buffer is at least 4 bytes, allowing a size_t underflow. This allows attackers to cause a denial of service (massively out-of-bounds read and application crash in H5_checksum_fletcher32) via a crafted HDF5 file with a Fletcher32-filtered chunk smaller than 4 bytes, triggered via H5Dread, e.g. by the h5ls or h5dump tools.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 14:24 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The HDF Group | HDF5 |
Affected:
<=2.3.0
|
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CVE-2026-19027 (GCVE-0-2026-19027)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 23:12 – Updated: 2026-10-06 20:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HDF5 out-of-bounds heap read in N-Bit filter decompression
Summary
The H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_byte, H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_nooptype, and H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_atomic functions in H5Znbit.c in HDF5
prior to 2.3.0 advance a read index into the compressed chunk buffer without bounding it against the buffer's actual size. This allows attackers to cause an out-of-bounds heap read, and in constrained cases disclosure of adjacent heap memory into decompressed dataset values, via a crafted HDF5 file whose N-Bit filter parameters describe more decompressed data than the stored compressed chunk actually contains, triggered via H5Dread, e.g. by the h5ls or h5repack tools.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 14:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds read
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The HDF Group | HDF5 |
Affected:
<=2.3.0
|
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CVE-2026-18870 (GCVE-0-2026-18870)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-24 14:15 – Updated: 2026-09-24 14:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
This Power System update is being released to address
Summary
IBM PowerVM Hypervisor FW1120.00 through FW1120.01, FW1110.00 through FW1110.31, FW1060.00 through FW1060.81, and FW950.00 through FW950.H3 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information due to an out-of-bounds read.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 14:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7289135 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | PowerVM Hypervisor |
Affected:
FW1120.00 , ≤ FW1120.01
(semver)
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"value": "\u003cp\u003eCustomers with the products below should install FW1110.32(1110_138), FW1120.02(1120_171), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003cbr/\u003ePower 11\u003c/p\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System E1180 (9080-HEU)\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003cp\u003eCustomers with the products below should install FW1110.32(1110_160), FW1120.02(1120_195), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003cbr/\u003ePower 11\u003c/p\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1122 (9824-22A)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1124 (9824-42A)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1122s (9824-22B)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1114 (9824-41B)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System L1122 (9856-22H)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System L1124 (9856-42H)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System E1150 (9043-MRU)\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003cp\u003eCustomers with the products below should install FW1120.02(1120_195), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePower 11\u003c/p\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1112 (9242-21B, 9242-21T)\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eCustomers with the products below should install FW1060.82(1060_189), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003cbr/\u003ePower 10\u003c/p\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System E1080 (9080-HEX)\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003cp\u003eCustomers with the products below should install\u00a0 FW1060.82(1060_199), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003cbr/\u003ePower 10\u003c/p\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1022 (9105-22A)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1024 (9105-42A)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1022s (9105-22B)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1014 (9105-41B)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System L1022 (9786-22H)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System L1024 (9786-42H)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System E1050 (9043-MRX)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S1012 (9028-21B)\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCustomers with the products below should install FW950.H4(950_236) or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003cbr/\u003ePower 9\u003c/p\u003e\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S922 (9009-22G)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System H922 (9223-22S)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S914 (9009-41G)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System S924 (9009-42G)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System H924 (9223-42S)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System E950 (9040-MR9)\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIBM Power System E980 (9080-M9S)\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe images mentioned above can be located at IBM Fix Central : \u003c/em\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ehttps://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
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"value": "Customers with the products below should install FW1110.32(1110_138), FW1120.02(1120_171), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\nPower 11\n\n * IBM Power System E1180 (9080-HEU)\n\n\nCustomers with the products below should install FW1110.32(1110_160), FW1120.02(1120_195), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\nPower 11\n\n * IBM Power System S1122 (9824-22A)\n * IBM Power System S1124 (9824-42A)\n * IBM Power System S1122s (9824-22B)\n * IBM Power System S1114 (9824-41B)\n * IBM Power System L1122 (9856-22H)\n * IBM Power System L1124 (9856-42H)\n * IBM Power System E1150 (9043-MRU)\n\n\nCustomers with the products below should install FW1120.02(1120_195), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\n\n\n\nPower 11\n\n * IBM Power System S1112 (9242-21B, 9242-21T)\n\n\n\nCustomers with the products below should install FW1060.82(1060_189), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\nPower 10\n\n * IBM Power System E1080 (9080-HEX)\n\n\nCustomers with the products below should install\u00a0 FW1060.82(1060_199), or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\nPower 10\n\n * IBM Power System S1022 (9105-22A)\n * IBM Power System S1024 (9105-42A)\n * IBM Power System S1022s (9105-22B)\n * IBM Power System S1014 (9105-41B)\n * IBM Power System L1022 (9786-22H)\n * IBM Power System L1024 (9786-42H)\n * IBM Power System E1050 (9043-MRX)\n * IBM Power System S1012 (9028-21B)\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCustomers with the products below should install FW950.H4(950_236) or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\nPower 9\n\n * IBM Power System S922 (9009-22G)\n * IBM Power System H922 (9223-22S)\n * IBM Power System S914 (9009-41G)\n * IBM Power System S924 (9009-42G)\n * IBM Power System H924 (9223-42S)\n * IBM Power System E950 (9040-MR9)\n * IBM Power System E980 (9080-M9S)\n\n\nThe images mentioned above can be located at IBM Fix Central : https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/ https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/"
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"datePublished": "2026-09-24T14:15:38.345Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-09-24T14:58:01.062Z",
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CVE-2026-18857 (GCVE-0-2026-18857)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-24 14:13 – Updated: 2026-09-24 14:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
This Power System update is being released to address
Summary
IBM OPENBMC FW1120.00 through FW1120.01, FW1110.00 through FW1110.31, and FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 is affected by a vulnerability in the BMC firmware management interface. The host system can cause the BMC firmware management service to crash or allow a limited amount of BMC internal memory to be read, resulting in a confidentiality and availability impact to the managed system.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 14:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7289253 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | OPENBMC |
Affected:
FW1120.00 , ≤ FW1120.01
(semver)
Affected: FW1110.00 , ≤ FW1110.31 (semver) Affected: FW1060.00 , ≤ FW1060.81 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1120.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1120.00.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1120.01:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1120.01.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1110.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1110.00.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1110.31:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1110.31.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1060.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1060.00.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1060.81:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:openbmc:fw1060.81.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"value": "\u003cp\u003eCustomers with the products below should install FW1120.02(1120_195), FW1110.32(1110_160) or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePower 11\u003cbr/\u003e1) IBM Power System S1122 (9824-22A)\u003cbr/\u003e2) IBM Power System S1124 (9824-42A)\u003cbr/\u003e3) IBM Power System S1122s (9824-22B)\u003cbr/\u003e4) IBM Power System S1114 (9824-41B)\u003cbr/\u003e5) IBM Power System L1122 (9856-22H)\u003cbr/\u003e6) IBM Power System L1124 (9856-42H)\u003cbr/\u003e7) IBM Power System E1150 (9043-MRU)\u003cbr/\u003e8) IBM Power System S1112 (9242-21B, 9242-21T)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCustomers with the products below should install FW1060.82(1060_199) or newer to remediate this vulnerability.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePower 10\u003cbr/\u003e1) IBM Power System S1022 (9105-22A)\u003cbr/\u003e2) IBM Power System S1024 (9105-42A)\u003cbr/\u003e3) IBM Power System S1022s (9105-22B)\u003cbr/\u003e4) IBM Power System S1014 (9105-41B)\u003cbr/\u003e5) IBM Power System L1022 (9786-22H)\u003cbr/\u003e6) IBM Power System L1024 (9786-42H)\u003cbr/\u003e7) IBM Power System E1050 (9043-MRX)\u003cbr/\u003e8) IBM Power System S1012 (9028-21B)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe images mentioned above can be located at IBM Fix Central : \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"\u003ehttps://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.