GSD-2015-7225

Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2015-09-17 00:00
Details
A OTP replay vulnerability in devise-two-factor 1.1.0 and earlier allows local attackers to shoulder-surf a user's TOTP verification code and use it to login after the user has authenticated. By not "burning" a previously used TOTP, devise-two-factor allows a narrow window of opportunity (aka the timestep period) where an attacker can re-use a verification code. Should an attacker possess a given user's authentication credentials, this flaw effectively defeats two-factor authentication for the duration of the timestep.
Aliases
Aliases
CVE-2015-7225
To clipboard 

{
  "GSD": {
    "alias": "CVE-2015-7225",
    "description": "Tinfoil Devise-two-factor before 2.0.0 does not strictly follow section 5.2 of RFC 6238 and does not \"burn\" a successfully validated one-time password (aka OTP), which allows remote or physically proximate attackers with a target user\u0027s login credentials to log in as said user by obtaining the OTP through performing a man-in-the-middle attack between the provider and verifier, or shoulder surfing, and replaying the OTP in the current time-step.",
    "id": "GSD-2015-7225"
  },
  "gsd": {
    "metadata": {
      "exploitCode": "unknown",
      "remediation": "unknown",
      "reportConfidence": "confirmed",
      "type": "vulnerability"
    },
    "osvSchema": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "package": {
            "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
            "name": "devise-two-factor",
            "purl": "pkg:gem/devise-two-factor"
          }
        }
      ],
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2015-7225",
        "GHSA-x489-jjwm-52g7"
      ],
      "details": "A OTP replay vulnerability in devise-two-factor 1.1.0 and earlier allows local\nattackers to shoulder-surf a user\u0027s TOTP verification code and use it to\nlogin after the user has authenticated.\n\nBy not \"burning\" a previously used TOTP, devise-two-factor allows a narrow\nwindow of opportunity (aka the timestep period) where an attacker can re-use a\nverification code.\n\nShould an attacker possess a given user\u0027s authentication\ncredentials, this flaw effectively defeats two-factor authentication for the\nduration of the timestep.\n",
      "id": "GSD-2015-7225",
      "modified": "2015-09-17T00:00:00.000Z",
      "published": "2015-09-17T00:00:00.000Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "type": "WEB",
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/09/06/2"
        }
      ],
      "schema_version": "1.4.0",
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": 5.3,
          "type": "CVSS_V3"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "devise-two-factor 1.1.0 and earlier vulnerable to replay attacks"
    }
  },
  "namespaces": {
    "cve.org": {
      "CVE_data_meta": {
        "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
        "ID": "CVE-2015-7225",
        "STATE": "PUBLIC"
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      "affects": {
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          "vendor_data": [
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              "product": {
                "product_data": [
                  {
                    "product_name": "n/a",
                    "version": {
                      "version_data": [
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                          "version_value": "n/a"
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            "value": "Tinfoil Devise-two-factor before 2.0.0 does not strictly follow section 5.2 of RFC 6238 and does not \"burn\" a successfully validated one-time password (aka OTP), which allows remote or physically proximate attackers with a target user\u0027s login credentials to log in as said user by obtaining the OTP through performing a man-in-the-middle attack between the provider and verifier, or shoulder surfing, and replaying the OTP in the current time-step."
          }
        ]
      },
      "problemtype": {
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            "description": [
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                "lang": "eng",
                "value": "n/a"
              }
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      "references": {
        "reference_data": [
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/blob/master/UPGRADING.md",
            "refsource": "CONFIRM",
            "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/blob/master/UPGRADING.md"
          },
          {
            "name": "[oss-security] 20150917 Re: CVE Request: TOTP Replay Attack in Ruby library",
            "refsource": "MLIST",
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/09/17/2"
          },
          {
            "name": "[oss-sercurity] 20150620 CVE Request: MITM \u0026 Shoulder-surfing vuln in Ruby OTP/HOTP/TOTP library \"ROPT\"",
            "refsource": "MLIST",
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/20/4"
          },
          {
            "name": "76789",
            "refsource": "BID",
            "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/76789"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=798466",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=798466"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/issues/45#issuecomment-139335608",
            "refsource": "CONFIRM",
            "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/issues/45#issuecomment-139335608"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db": {
      "cve": "2015-7225",
      "cvss_v3": 5.3,
      "date": "2015-09-17",
      "description": "A OTP replay vulnerability in devise-two-factor 1.1.0 and earlier allows local\nattackers to shoulder-surf a user\u0027s TOTP verification code and use it to\nlogin after the user has authenticated.\n\nBy not \"burning\" a previously used TOTP, devise-two-factor allows a narrow\nwindow of opportunity (aka the timestep period) where an attacker can re-use a\nverification code.\n\nShould an attacker possess a given user\u0027s authentication\ncredentials, this flaw effectively defeats two-factor authentication for the\nduration of the timestep.\n",
      "gem": "devise-two-factor",
      "ghsa": "x489-jjwm-52g7",
      "patched_versions": [
        "\u003e= 2.0.0"
      ],
      "title": "devise-two-factor 1.1.0 and earlier vulnerable to replay attacks",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/09/06/2"
    },
    "gitlab.com": {
      "advisories": [
        {
          "affected_range": "\u003c2.0.0",
          "affected_versions": "All versions before 2.0.0",
          "credit": "Justin Bull (https://github.com/f3ndot)",
          "cvss_v2": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N",
          "cvss_v3": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
          "cwe_ids": [
            "CWE-1035",
            "CWE-254",
            "CWE-937"
          ],
          "date": "2017-09-21",
          "description": "In order to be fully RFC compliant for TOTPs, no valid OTP may be used more than once for a given timestep. ",
          "fixed_versions": [
            "2.0.0"
          ],
          "identifier": "CVE-2015-7225",
          "identifiers": [
            "CVE-2015-7225"
          ],
          "not_impacted": "All versions starting from 2.0.0",
          "package_slug": "gem/devise-two-factor",
          "pubdate": "2017-09-06",
          "solution": "Upgrade to version 2.0.0 or above.",
          "title": "\"shoulder-surfing\" vulnerability",
          "urls": [
            "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/blob/master/UPGRADING.md",
            "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/issues/30",
            "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/pull/43"
          ],
          "uuid": "c46043bf-fcd2-438e-9338-c84c214e0447"
        }
      ]
    },
    "nvd.nist.gov": {
      "configurations": {
        "CVE_data_version": "4.0",
        "nodes": [
          {
            "children": [],
            "cpe_match": [
              {
                "cpe23Uri": "cpe:2.3:a:tinfoilsecurity:devise-two-factor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                "cpe_name": [],
                "versionEndIncluding": "1.1.0",
                "vulnerable": true
              }
            ],
            "operator": "OR"
          }
        ]
      },
      "cve": {
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          "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
          "ID": "CVE-2015-7225"
        },
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        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Tinfoil Devise-two-factor before 2.0.0 does not strictly follow section 5.2 of RFC 6238 and does not \"burn\" a successfully validated one-time password (aka OTP), which allows remote or physically proximate attackers with a target user\u0027s login credentials to log in as said user by obtaining the OTP through performing a man-in-the-middle attack between the provider and verifier, or shoulder surfing, and replaying the OTP in the current time-step."
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CWE-254"
                }
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          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/issues/45#issuecomment-139335608",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
              "tags": [
                "Third Party Advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/issues/45#issuecomment-139335608"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/blob/master/UPGRADING.md",
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              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/tinfoil/devise-two-factor/blob/master/UPGRADING.md"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=798466",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "tags": [
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              "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=798466"
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            {
              "name": "[oss-security] 20150917 Re: CVE Request: TOTP Replay Attack in Ruby library",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "tags": [
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                "VDB Entry"
              ],
              "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/09/17/2"
            },
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              "name": "[oss-sercurity] 20150620 CVE Request: MITM \u0026 Shoulder-surfing vuln in Ruby OTP/HOTP/TOTP library \"ROPT\"",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
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                "Mailing List",
                "VDB Entry"
              ],
              "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/20/4"
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      },
      "impact": {
        "baseMetricV2": {
          "cvssV2": {
            "accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
            "accessVector": "NETWORK",
            "authentication": "SINGLE",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 3.5,
            "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "2.0"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 6.8,
          "impactScore": 2.9,
          "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
          "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
          "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
          "severity": "LOW",
          "userInteractionRequired": false
        },
        "baseMetricV3": {
          "cvssV3": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 1.6,
          "impactScore": 3.6
        }
      },
      "lastModifiedDate": "2017-09-21T18:57Z",
      "publishedDate": "2017-09-06T21:29Z"
    }
  }
}



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