Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-XVR9-35CR-46V9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-28 22:47 – Updated: 2026-08-28 22:47

Summary

org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client has Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context

Details

Summary

The connector encodes and decodes all character data assuming the connection character set is UTF-8. A server can change character_set_client mid-session to a non-UTF-8 charset, after which the driver and server interpret the same bytes under different encodings, causing silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch.

Details

The driver encodes and decodes all character data on the assumption that the connection character set is UTF-8. Charset can be changed by commands like SET NAMES... commands.

If the new charset is not UTF-8, the driver continues to read and write UTF-8 while the server interprets the same bytes under a different encoding. The result is silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch. Charset confusion of this kind is also the primitive that can defeat byte-wise quoting/escaping when client and server disagree on a multi-byte encoding.

Impact

Silent data corruption and a client/server encoding mismatch once the connection's charset diverges from UTF-8. Because the mismatch undermines the assumption that quoting/escaping operates on UTF-8 bytes, it belongs to the charset-confusion class that can lead to SQL injection.

Patches

Fixed in 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9. Upgrade to the patched release on your branch (3.5.x → 3.5.9, 3.4.x → 3.4.3, 3.0/3.1/3.2/3.3.x → 3.3.5, 2.x → 2.7.14). Once the connection is fully initialized, any subsequent charset change to a value that is not utf8 / utf8mb3 / utf8mb4 is rejected: the driver raises a SQLException with SQLState 08000 (connection exception) and closes the connection rather than continuing to exchange data under a mismatched encoding.

Workarounds

There is no reliable application-level workaround.

Credit

Reported by Yalguun Tumenkhuu (@fg0x0).

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.7.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.3.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.4.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.5.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.5.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-55858"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-838"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-28T22:47:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe connector encodes and decodes all character data assuming the connection character set is UTF-8. A server can change character_set_client mid-session to a non-UTF-8 charset, after which the driver and server interpret the same bytes under different encodings, causing silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch.\n\n### Details\n\nThe driver encodes and decodes all character data on the assumption that the connection character set is UTF-8. \nCharset can be changed by commands like SET NAMES... commands.\n\nIf the new charset is not UTF-8, the driver continues to read and write UTF-8 while the server interprets the same bytes under a different encoding. The result is silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch. Charset confusion of this kind is also the primitive that can defeat byte-wise quoting/escaping when client and server disagree on a multi-byte encoding.\n\n### Impact\n\nSilent data corruption and a client/server encoding mismatch once the connection\u0027s charset diverges from UTF-8. Because the mismatch undermines the assumption that quoting/escaping operates on UTF-8 bytes, it belongs to the charset-confusion class that can lead to SQL injection.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9. Upgrade to the patched release on your branch (3.5.x \u2192 3.5.9, 3.4.x \u2192 3.4.3, 3.0/3.1/3.2/3.3.x \u2192 3.3.5, 2.x \u2192 2.7.14). Once the connection is fully initialized, any subsequent charset change to a value that is not utf8 / utf8mb3 / utf8mb4 is rejected: the driver raises a SQLException with SQLState 08000 (connection exception) and closes the connection rather than continuing to exchange data under a mismatched encoding.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no reliable application-level workaround.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by Yalguun Tumenkhuu ([@fg0x0](https://github.com/fg0x0/)).",
  "id": "GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9",
  "modified": "2026-08-28T22:47:19Z",
  "published": "2026-08-28T22:47:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/security/advisories/GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/300716bef1e1d0370a41be7863b88aa2d55fbb69"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/7b3c69221b5463ee03472654040b3f6b9e5329c7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/8cfd9df697372ad4ed09fe87a34b34babb6d43d6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/c555c9b477521be0c35c3a5461f9f46681553607"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/2.7.14"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.3.5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.4.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.5.9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/CONJ-1317"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client has Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context"
}

CVE-2026-55858 (GCVE-0-2026-55858)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 22:46 – Updated: 2026-09-01 02:06

Title

MariaDB Connector/J: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context in org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client

Summary

MariaDB Connector/J is used to connect applications developed in Java to MariaDB and MySQL databases. Prior to 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9, the connector encodes and decodes protocol text and performs client-side escaping under the assumption that the connection character set is UTF-8. The server can report a mid-session change to character_set_client through OK-packet session-state tracking, including a change caused by SET NAMES, a stored routine or trigger, server configuration, or a hostile server. If character_set_client changes to a non-UTF-8 value, the driver continues to read and write UTF-8 while the server interprets the same bytes under another encoding, causing silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch that can defeat byte-wise quoting or escaping. The fix accepts only utf8, utf8mb3, or utf8mb4 after initialization; any other value causes SQLException with SQLState 08000 and closes the connection. This issue is fixed in versions 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9.

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-01 02:05 UTC

CWE

CWE-838 - Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

10 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/CONJ-1317	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
mariadb-corporation	mariadb-connector-j	Affected: < 2.7.14 Affected: >= 3.0.0-alpha, < 3.3.5 Affected: >= 3.4.0, < 3.4.3 Affected: >= 3.5.0, < 3.5.9

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-55858",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-01T02:05:48.275903Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-01T02:06:07.389Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "mariadb-connector-j",
          "vendor": "mariadb-corporation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.7.14"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3.0.0-alpha, \u003c 3.3.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3.4.0, \u003c 3.4.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3.5.0, \u003c 3.5.9"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "MariaDB Connector/J is used to connect applications developed in Java to MariaDB and MySQL databases. Prior to 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9, the connector encodes and decodes protocol text and performs client-side escaping under the assumption that the connection character set is UTF-8. The server can report a mid-session change to character_set_client through OK-packet session-state tracking, including a change caused by SET NAMES, a stored routine or trigger, server configuration, or a hostile server. If character_set_client changes to a non-UTF-8 value, the driver continues to read and write UTF-8 while the server interprets the same bytes under another encoding, causing silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch that can defeat byte-wise quoting or escaping. The fix accepts only utf8, utf8mb3, or utf8mb4 after initialization; any other value causes SQLException with SQLState 08000 and closes the connection. This issue is fixed in versions 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-838",
              "description": "CWE-838: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-28T22:46:40.114Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/security/advisories/GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9",
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            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/security/advisories/GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9"
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            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/300716bef1e1d0370a41be7863b88aa2d55fbb69"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/7b3c69221b5463ee03472654040b3f6b9e5329c7",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
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          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/7b3c69221b5463ee03472654040b3f6b9e5329c7"
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            "x_refsource_MISC"
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        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/c555c9b477521be0c35c3a5461f9f46681553607",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/c555c9b477521be0c35c3a5461f9f46681553607"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/2.7.14",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/2.7.14"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.3.5",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.3.5"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.4.3",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.4.3"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.5.9",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.5.9"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/CONJ-1317",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/CONJ-1317"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "MariaDB Connector/J: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context in org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-55858",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-28T22:46:40.114Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-17T16:44:40.995Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-01T02:06:07.389Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

GHSA-XVR9-35CR-46V9

Summary

Details

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

Credit

CVE-2026-55858 (GCVE-0-2026-55858)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour