Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-6XV4-9CQP-92RH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-24 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-31 15:12

Summary

messageformat prototype pollution vulnerability

Details

The Runtime components of messageformat package for Node.js version 3.0.1 contain a prototype pollution vulnerability. Due to insufficient validation of nested message keys during the processing of message data, an attacker can manipulate the prototype chain of JavaScript objects by providing specially crafted input. This can result in the injection of arbitrary properties into the Object.prototype, potentially leading to denial of service conditions or unexpected application behavior. The vulnerability allows attackers to alter the prototype of base objects, impacting all subsequent object instances throughout the application's lifecycle. Version 3.0.2 contains a fix.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@messageformat/runtime"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "3.0.1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-57353"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-24T20:11:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-24T18:15:41Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Runtime components of messageformat package for Node.js version 3.0.1 contain a prototype pollution vulnerability. Due to insufficient validation of nested message keys during the processing of message data, an attacker can manipulate the prototype chain of JavaScript objects by providing specially crafted input. This can result in the injection of arbitrary properties into the Object.prototype, potentially leading to denial of service conditions or unexpected application behavior. The vulnerability allows attackers to alter the prototype of base objects, impacting all subsequent object instances throughout the application\u0027s lifecycle. Version 3.0.2 contains a fix.",
  "id": "GHSA-6xv4-9cqp-92rh",
  "modified": "2025-10-31T15:12:38Z",
  "published": "2025-09-24T18:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57353"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/issues/453"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/issues/453#issuecomment-3466959449"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/pull/464"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/commit/82cd10b40e3f922f990bbcf88a6d14b70c0a3ce0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/tree/main/JavaScript/prototype-pollution/CVE-2025-57353"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "messageformat prototype pollution vulnerability"
}

CVE-2025-57353 (GCVE-0-2025-57353)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-24 00:00 – Updated: 2025-11-05 18:32

Summary

The Runtime components of messageformat package for Node.js before 3.0.2 contain a prototype pollution vulnerability. Due to insufficient validation of nested message keys during the processing of message data, an attacker can manipulate the prototype chain of JavaScript objects by providing specially crafted input. This can result in the injection of arbitrary properties into the Object.prototype, potentially leading to denial of service conditions or unexpected application behavior. The vulnerability allows attackers to alter the prototype of base objects, impacting all subsequent object instances throughout the application's lifecycle.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-09-25 18:25 UTC

CWE

n/a
CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

Assigner

mitre mitre root Scorecard

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/is…
https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/tree/main/J…
https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/pull/464
https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/co…
https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/is…

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 5.3,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-57353",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-09-25T18:25:47.554162Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-1321",
                "description": "CWE-1321 Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-09-25T18:26:17.258Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Runtime components of messageformat package for Node.js before 3.0.2 contain a prototype pollution vulnerability. Due to insufficient validation of nested message keys during the processing of message data, an attacker can manipulate the prototype chain of JavaScript objects by providing specially crafted input. This can result in the injection of arbitrary properties into the Object.prototype, potentially leading to denial of service conditions or unexpected application behavior. The vulnerability allows attackers to alter the prototype of base objects, impacting all subsequent object instances throughout the application\u0027s lifecycle."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-11-05T18:32:07.743Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/issues/453"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/tree/main/JavaScript/prototype-pollution/CVE-2025-57353"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/pull/464"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/commit/82cd10b40e3f922f990bbcf88a6d14b70c0a3ce0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/issues/453#issuecomment-3466959449"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-57353",
    "datePublished": "2025-09-24T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-08-17T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-05T18:32:07.743Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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GHSA-6XV4-9CQP-92RH

CVE-2025-57353 (GCVE-0-2025-57353)

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