Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-59728 (GCVE-0-2026-59728)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 19:54 – Updated: 2026-07-28 14:27

Title

@astrojs/rss: XML Injection via Unescaped RSS Feed Fields

Summary

Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. In versions 1.0.0 through 4.0.18, the source.title and enclosure.type item fields in packages/astro-rss/src/index.ts are interpolated directly into XML template strings without XML-character escaping before being parsed by fast-xml-parser. Both fields are validated only as z.string(), placing no restriction on XML special characters. An attacker who controls these values can inject arbitrary XML into the generated RSS feed: a value containing " can break out of an attribute (as with enclosure.type), and a value containing </source> can close an element early and inject additional nodes (as with source.title). This corrupts feed structure, injects false metadata (for example, a fake <link> pointing to a malicious URL), and can cause feed readers to misparse or display attacker-controlled content. In SSR mode (output: 'server'), the poisoned feed is served on every request to all subscribers. This issue has been fixed in version 4.0.19.

Severity

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-91 - XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/17209	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/fbcfa03…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/withastro/astro/releases/tag/@…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
withastro	astro	Affected: >= 1.0.0, < 4.0.19

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-59728",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-07-28T14:27:36.621244Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-28T14:27:56.334Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "astro",
          "vendor": "withastro",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 1.0.0, \u003c 4.0.19"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. In versions 1.0.0 through 4.0.18, the source.title and enclosure.type item fields in packages/astro-rss/src/index.ts are interpolated directly into XML template strings without XML-character escaping before being parsed by fast-xml-parser. Both fields are validated only as z.string(), placing no restriction on XML special characters. An attacker who controls these values can inject arbitrary XML into the generated RSS feed: a value containing \" can break out of an attribute (as with enclosure.type), and a value containing \u003c/source\u003e can close an element early and inject additional nodes (as with source.title). This corrupts feed structure, injects false metadata (for example, a fake \u003clink\u003e pointing to a malicious URL), and can cause feed readers to misparse or display attacker-controlled content. In SSR mode (output: \u0027server\u0027), the poisoned feed is served on every request to all subscribers. This issue has been fixed in version 4.0.19."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-91",
              "description": "CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-27T19:54:23.009Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/17209",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/17209"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/fbcfa039dfe3d700b239f595a6c55ee35e45bd06",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/fbcfa039dfe3d700b239f595a6c55ee35e45bd06"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/releases/tag/@astrojs/rss@4.0.19",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/releases/tag/@astrojs/rss@4.0.19"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "@astrojs/rss: XML Injection via Unescaped RSS Feed Fields"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-59728",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-27T19:54:23.009Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-06T15:34:16.917Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-28T14:27:56.334Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-59728",
      "date": "2026-07-30",
      "epss": "0.00269",
      "percentile": "0.18939"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-59728\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-07-27T21:17:05.700\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-28T16:17:16.127\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. In versions 1.0.0 through 4.0.18, the source.title and enclosure.type item fields in packages/astro-rss/src/index.ts are interpolated directly into XML template strings without XML-character escaping before being parsed by fast-xml-parser. Both fields are validated only as z.string(), placing no restriction on XML special characters. An attacker who controls these values can inject arbitrary XML into the generated RSS feed: a value containing \\\" can break out of an attribute (as with enclosure.type), and a value containing \u003c/source\u003e can close an element early and inject additional nodes (as with source.title). This corrupts feed structure, injects false metadata (for example, a fake \u003clink\u003e pointing to a malicious URL), and can cause feed readers to misparse or display attacker-controlled content. In SSR mode (output: \u0027server\u0027), the poisoned feed is served on every request to all subscribers. This issue has been fixed in version 4.0.19.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"withastro\",\"product\":\"astro\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003e= 1.0.0, \u003c 4.0.19\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N\",\"baseScore\":4.3,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"REQUIRED\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":1.4}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-07-28T14:27:36.621244Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2026-59728\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"poc\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-91\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/fbcfa039dfe3d700b239f595a6c55ee35e45bd06\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/17209\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/withastro/astro/releases/tag/@astrojs/rss@4.0.19\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\"}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-59728\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-07-28T14:27:36.621244Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-07-28T14:27:52.024Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"@astrojs/rss: XML Injection via Unescaped RSS Feed Fields\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 4.3, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"REQUIRED\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"withastro\", \"product\": \"astro\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 1.0.0, \u003c 4.0.19\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/17209\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/17209\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/fbcfa039dfe3d700b239f595a6c55ee35e45bd06\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/fbcfa039dfe3d700b239f595a6c55ee35e45bd06\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/releases/tag/@astrojs/rss@4.0.19\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/withastro/astro/releases/tag/@astrojs/rss@4.0.19\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. In versions 1.0.0 through 4.0.18, the source.title and enclosure.type item fields in packages/astro-rss/src/index.ts are interpolated directly into XML template strings without XML-character escaping before being parsed by fast-xml-parser. Both fields are validated only as z.string(), placing no restriction on XML special characters. An attacker who controls these values can inject arbitrary XML into the generated RSS feed: a value containing \\\" can break out of an attribute (as with enclosure.type), and a value containing \u003c/source\u003e can close an element early and inject additional nodes (as with source.title). This corrupts feed structure, injects false metadata (for example, a fake \u003clink\u003e pointing to a malicious URL), and can cause feed readers to misparse or display attacker-controlled content. In SSR mode (output: \u0027server\u0027), the poisoned feed is served on every request to all subscribers. This issue has been fixed in version 4.0.19.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-91\", \"description\": \"CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-07-27T19:54:23.009Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-59728\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-07-28T14:27:56.334Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-07-06T15:34:16.917Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-07-27T19:54:23.009Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}

GHSA-8J5Q-MFJ2-5Q9Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-20 23:21 – Updated: 2026-07-20 23:21

Summary

@astrojs/rss: XML Injection via Unescaped RSS Feed Fields

Details

Summary

In @astrojs/rss, the source.title and enclosure.type item fields are interpolated directly into XML template strings without XML-character escaping before being parsed by fast-xml-parser. An attacker who controls these field values can inject arbitrary XML elements into the generated RSS feed.

Details

Two fields in packages/astro-rss/src/index.ts are affected:

`source.title`

item.source = parser.parse(
  `<source url="${result.source.url}">${result.source.title}</source>`,
).source;

source.title is validated only as z.string(), with no restriction on XML special characters. A value containing </source> followed by arbitrary XML is parsed as real XML elements, merging injected nodes into the RSS item.

`enclosure.type`

item.enclosure = parser.parse(
  `<enclosure url="${enclosureURL}" length="${result.enclosure.length}" type="${result.enclosure.type}"/>`,
).enclosure;

enclosure.type is also z.string() and is interpolated into an XML attribute without escaping. A value containing " followed by additional XML can break out of the attribute and inject extra elements.

Proof of Concept

source.title injection:

source: {
  url: 'https://legit.example.com',
  title: '</source><item><title>INJECTED</title><link>https://evil.com</link></item><source>',
}
// Result: RSS feed contains an injected <item> element with an evil.com link

enclosure.type injection:

enclosure: {
  url: 'https://example.com/a.mp3',
  length: 0,
  type: 'audio/mpeg" /><link>https://evil.example.com</link><enclosure fake="',
}
// Result: RSS feed contains an injected <link> element

Both injections were confirmed with fast-xml-parser: the injected "link": "https://evil.com" appears in the parsed output.

Impact

An attacker who can control source.title or enclosure.type values (e.g., via a CMS, database, or user-submitted content that populates RSSFeedItem) can inject arbitrary XML into the generated RSS feed. This corrupts feed structure, injects false metadata (e.g., a fake <link> pointing to a malicious URL), and can cause feed readers to misparse or display attacker-controlled content. In SSR mode (output: 'server'), the poisoned feed is served on every request to all subscribers.

Patches

Fixed in @astrojs/rss@4.0.19.

Severity

4.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@astrojs/rss"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-59728"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-91"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-20T23:21:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nIn `@astrojs/rss`, the `source.title` and `enclosure.type` item fields are interpolated directly into XML template strings without XML-character escaping before being parsed by `fast-xml-parser`. An attacker who controls these field values can inject arbitrary XML elements into the generated RSS feed.\n\n## Details\n\nTwo fields in `packages/astro-rss/src/index.ts` are affected:\n\n### `source.title`\n\n```typescript\nitem.source = parser.parse(\n  `\u003csource url=\"${result.source.url}\"\u003e${result.source.title}\u003c/source\u003e`,\n).source;\n```\n\n`source.title` is validated only as `z.string()`, with no restriction on XML special characters. A value containing `\u003c/source\u003e` followed by arbitrary XML is parsed as real XML elements, merging injected nodes into the RSS item.\n\n### `enclosure.type`\n\n```typescript\nitem.enclosure = parser.parse(\n  `\u003cenclosure url=\"${enclosureURL}\" length=\"${result.enclosure.length}\" type=\"${result.enclosure.type}\"/\u003e`,\n).enclosure;\n```\n\n`enclosure.type` is also `z.string()` and is interpolated into an XML attribute without escaping. A value containing `\"` followed by additional XML can break out of the attribute and inject extra elements.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n`source.title` injection:\n\n```javascript\nsource: {\n  url: \u0027https://legit.example.com\u0027,\n  title: \u0027\u003c/source\u003e\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eINJECTED\u003c/title\u003e\u003clink\u003ehttps://evil.com\u003c/link\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\u003csource\u003e\u0027,\n}\n// Result: RSS feed contains an injected \u003citem\u003e element with an evil.com link\n```\n\n`enclosure.type` injection:\n\n```javascript\nenclosure: {\n  url: \u0027https://example.com/a.mp3\u0027,\n  length: 0,\n  type: \u0027audio/mpeg\" /\u003e\u003clink\u003ehttps://evil.example.com\u003c/link\u003e\u003cenclosure fake=\"\u0027,\n}\n// Result: RSS feed contains an injected \u003clink\u003e element\n```\n\nBoth injections were confirmed with `fast-xml-parser`: the injected `\"link\": \"https://evil.com\"` appears in the parsed output.\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker who can control `source.title` or `enclosure.type` values (e.g., via a CMS, database, or user-submitted content that populates `RSSFeedItem`) can inject arbitrary XML into the generated RSS feed. This corrupts feed structure, injects false metadata (e.g., a fake `\u003clink\u003e` pointing to a malicious URL), and can cause feed readers to misparse or display attacker-controlled content. In SSR mode (`output: \u0027server\u0027`), the poisoned feed is served on every request to all subscribers.\n\n## Patches\n\nFixed in `@astrojs/rss@4.0.19`.",
  "id": "GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q",
  "modified": "2026-07-20T23:21:47Z",
  "published": "2026-07-20T23:21:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-8j5q-mfj2-5q9q"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/pull/17209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/fbcfa039dfe3d700b239f595a6c55ee35e45bd06"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/withastro/astro/releases/tag/@astrojs/rss@4.0.19"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "@astrojs/rss: XML Injection via Unescaped RSS Feed Fields"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-59728 (GCVE-0-2026-59728)

GHSA-8J5Q-MFJ2-5Q9Q

Summary

Details

source.title

enclosure.type

Proof of Concept

Impact

Patches

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

`source.title`

`enclosure.type`