Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-52731 (GCVE-0-2026-52731)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 19:25 – Updated: 2026-08-18 19:42

Title

ZEBRA: Full node denial of service via non-ASCII LongPollId in getblocktemplate

Summary

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to 4.5.0, an attacker authenticated to an enabled Zebra RPC endpoint can terminate zebrad by supplying a getblocktemplate LongPollId containing multi-byte UTF-8 characters. In zebra-rpc/src/methods/types/long_poll.rs, LongPollId::from_str originally checked the input byte length and then sliced fixed byte ranges to parse encoded fields. A slice boundary can land inside a multi-byte character and trigger Rust's byte index is not a char boundary panic. Zebra release builds use panic equals abort, so one malformed authenticated RPC request terminates the entire node process and can be repeated after restart. This issue is fixed in version 4.5.0.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-18 19:38 UTC

CWE

CWE-248 - Uncaught Exception

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/commit/1…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
ZcashFoundation	zebra	Affected: < 4.5.0	guessed
ZcashFoundation	zebra-rpc	Affected: < 8.0.0	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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FKIE_CVE-2026-52731

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-08-18 20:17 - Updated: 2026-08-18 20:17

Severity

6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/commit/1440b43ca7df59aca948090d45117557b217a6cd
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v4.5.0
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-qv2r-v3mx-f4pf

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "zebra",
          "vendor": "ZcashFoundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 4.5.0"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "zebra-rpc",
          "vendor": "ZcashFoundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 8.0.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to 4.5.0, an attacker authenticated to an enabled Zebra RPC endpoint can terminate zebrad by supplying a getblocktemplate LongPollId containing multi-byte UTF-8 characters. In zebra-rpc/src/methods/types/long_poll.rs, LongPollId::from_str originally checked the input byte length and then sliced fixed byte ranges to parse encoded fields. A slice boundary can land inside a multi-byte character and trigger Rust\u0027s byte index is not a char boundary panic. Zebra release builds use panic equals abort, so one malformed authenticated RPC request terminates the entire node process and can be repeated after restart. This issue is fixed in version 4.5.0."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-52731",
  "lastModified": "2026-08-18T20:17:16.510",
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        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
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          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
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        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
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}

GHSA-QV2R-V3MX-F4PF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 19:28 – Updated: 2026-07-02 19:28

Summary

zebrad has full node denial of service via non-ASCII LongPollId in getblocktemplate

Details

Am I affected

You are affected if:

You run zebrad up to and including v4.4.1.
Your zebrad.toml sets rpc.listen_addr to a TCP address (RPC server is enabled).
An attacker can authenticate to the RPC endpoint. With the default enable_cookie_auth = true, this requires the attacker to read the .cookie file. With enable_cookie_auth = false, any network client reaching the RPC port can trigger it.

Summary

The getblocktemplate RPC handler panics when parsing a LongPollId parameter that contains non-ASCII (multi-byte UTF-8) characters. The handler performs byte-index string slicing on the user-supplied string, which panics in Rust when a byte index falls within a multi-byte character boundary. Because Zebra's release profile sets panic = "abort", the panic terminates the entire node process.

Details

The getblocktemplate handler receives a user-supplied LongPollId string and slices it at fixed byte offsets to extract the encoded tip hash and tip height. When the string contains multi-byte UTF-8 characters, a byte-index slice can land in the middle of a character, causing Rust's str indexing to panic with "byte index is not a char boundary."

Under the panic = "abort" release profile, this panic terminates the entire zebrad process rather than just the RPC task.

Patches

zebra-rpc 8.0.0 and zebrad 4.5.0.

Replace byte-index string slicing with character-aware parsing or validate that the LongPollId string contains only ASCII characters before slicing.

Workarounds

Disable the RPC server by removing rpc.listen_addr from zebrad.toml.
Ensure enable_cookie_auth = true (the default) and restrict filesystem access to the .cookie file.
Place a reverse proxy in front of the RPC port that validates LongPollId parameters are ASCII-only before forwarding.

Impact

A single authenticated RPC request terminates the zebrad process. Same impact profile as GHSA-c8w6-x74f-vmg3: repeatable on restart, affects mining pools and infrastructure that forward getblocktemplate calls.

Credit

Reported by @sangsoo-osec via a private GitHub Security Advisory submission.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.0.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "zebra-rpc"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.4.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "zebrad"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.5.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-52731"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T19:28:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Am I affected\n\nYou are affected if:\n\n1. You run `zebrad` up to and including `v4.4.1`.\n2. Your `zebrad.toml` sets `rpc.listen_addr` to a TCP address (RPC server is enabled).\n3. An attacker can authenticate to the RPC endpoint. With the default `enable_cookie_auth = true`, this requires the attacker to read the `.cookie` file. With `enable_cookie_auth = false`, any network client reaching the RPC port can trigger it.\n\n### Summary\n\nThe `getblocktemplate` RPC handler panics when parsing a `LongPollId` parameter that contains non-ASCII (multi-byte UTF-8) characters. The handler performs byte-index string slicing on the user-supplied string, which panics in Rust when a byte index falls within a multi-byte character boundary. Because Zebra\u0027s release profile sets `panic = \"abort\"`, the panic terminates the entire node process.\n\n### Details\n\nThe `getblocktemplate` handler receives a user-supplied `LongPollId` string and slices it at fixed byte offsets to extract the encoded tip hash and tip height. When the string contains multi-byte UTF-8 characters, a byte-index slice can land in the middle of a character, causing Rust\u0027s `str` indexing to panic with \"byte index is not a char boundary.\"\n\nUnder the `panic = \"abort\"` release profile, this panic terminates the entire `zebrad` process rather than just the RPC task.\n\n### Patches\n\nzebra-rpc 8.0.0 and zebrad 4.5.0.\n\nReplace byte-index string slicing with character-aware parsing or validate that the `LongPollId` string contains only ASCII characters before slicing.\n\n### Workarounds\n\n- Disable the RPC server by removing `rpc.listen_addr` from `zebrad.toml`.\n- Ensure `enable_cookie_auth = true` (the default) and restrict filesystem access to the `.cookie` file.\n- Place a reverse proxy in front of the RPC port that validates `LongPollId` parameters are ASCII-only before forwarding.\n\n### Impact\n\nA single authenticated RPC request terminates the `zebrad` process. Same impact profile as GHSA-c8w6-x74f-vmg3: repeatable on restart, affects mining pools and infrastructure that forward `getblocktemplate` calls.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by `@sangsoo-osec` via a private GitHub Security Advisory submission.",
  "id": "GHSA-qv2r-v3mx-f4pf",
  "modified": "2026-07-02T19:28:03Z",
  "published": "2026-07-02T19:28:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-qv2r-v3mx-f4pf"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/blob/d4cd662c716382f6397d2a730148025a1ca79fec/Cargo.toml#L305"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "zebrad has full node denial of service via non-ASCII LongPollId in getblocktemplate"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-52731 (GCVE-0-2026-52731)

FKIE_CVE-2026-52731

GHSA-QV2R-V3MX-F4PF

Am I affected

Summary

Details

Patches

Workarounds

Impact

Credit

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature