Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-44292 (GCVE-0-2026-44292)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 14:42 – Updated: 2026-05-18 14:01

Title

protobufjs: Prototype injection in generated message constructors

Summary

protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.5.6 and 8.0.2, protobufjs generated message constructors copied enumerable properties from a provided properties object without filtering the __proto__ key. If an application constructed a message from an attacker-controlled plain object, an own enumerable __proto__ property could alter the prototype of that individual message instance. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.6 and 8.0.2.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CWE

CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/securit…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
protobufjs	protobuf.js	Affected: < 7.5.6 Affected: >= 8.0.0, < 8.0.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-44292

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-13 16:16 - Updated: 2026-05-13 20:58

Severity

5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-fx83-v9x8-x52w	Vendor Advisory, Mitigation

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	protobufjs_project	protobufjs	*
	protobufjs_project	protobufjs	*

JSON

To clipboard

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  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:protobufjs_project:protobufjs:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
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    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-44292",
  "lastModified": "2026-05-13T20:58:32.597",
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GHSA-FX83-V9X8-X52W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 15:01 – Updated: 2026-05-14 20:35

Summary

protobuf.js: Prototype injection in generated message constructors

Details

Summary

protobufjs generated message constructors copied enumerable properties from a provided properties object without filtering the __proto__ key. If an application constructed a message from an attacker-controlled plain object, an own enumerable __proto__ property could alter the prototype of that individual message instance.

Impact

An attacker who can control the properties object passed to a generated protobufjs message constructor or creation helper may be able to modify the prototype chain of the resulting message instance.

This is a per-instance prototype injection issue. It does not pollute Object.prototype or other global prototypes. The impact depends on downstream application behavior, such as relying on inherited properties, prototype methods, or instanceof checks for message objects.

Applications that only decode binary protobuf data, or that construct messages from trusted application-defined objects, are not directly affected by this issue.

Preconditions

The application must allow an attacker to control or influence a plain object used to construct a protobufjs message.
The object must contain an own enumerable __proto__ property, for example from parsed JSON input.
The application must pass that object to a generated message constructor or creation helper that copies arbitrary enumerable properties.

Workarounds

Do not pass attacker-controlled plain objects directly to generated message constructors with affected versions. If untrusted JSON input must be accepted, validate or sanitize object keys before constructing messages, and reject __proto__ properties.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.5.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "protobufjs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.5.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 8.0.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "protobufjs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44292"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-12T15:01:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-13T16:16:56Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nprotobufjs generated message constructors copied enumerable properties from a provided properties object without filtering the `__proto__` key. If an application constructed a message from an attacker-controlled plain object, an own enumerable `__proto__` property could alter the prototype of that individual message instance.\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker who can control the properties object passed to a generated protobufjs message constructor or creation helper may be able to modify the prototype chain of the resulting message instance.\n\nThis is a per-instance prototype injection issue. It does not pollute `Object.prototype` or other global prototypes. The impact depends on downstream application behavior, such as relying on inherited properties, prototype methods, or `instanceof` checks for message objects.\n\nApplications that only decode binary protobuf data, or that construct messages from trusted application-defined objects, are not directly affected by this issue.\n\n## Preconditions\n\n- The application must allow an attacker to control or influence a plain object used to construct a protobufjs message.\n- The object must contain an own enumerable `__proto__` property, for example from parsed JSON input.\n- The application must pass that object to a generated message constructor or creation helper that copies arbitrary enumerable properties.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nDo not pass attacker-controlled plain objects directly to generated message constructors with affected versions. If untrusted JSON input must be accepted, validate or sanitize object keys before constructing messages, and reject `__proto__` properties.",
  "id": "GHSA-fx83-v9x8-x52w",
  "modified": "2026-05-14T20:35:19Z",
  "published": "2026-05-12T15:01:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-fx83-v9x8-x52w"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44292"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/releases/tag/protobufjs-v7.5.6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/releases/tag/protobufjs-v8.0.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "protobuf.js: Prototype injection in generated message constructors"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-44292 (GCVE-0-2026-44292)

FKIE_CVE-2026-44292

GHSA-FX83-V9X8-X52W

Summary

Impact

Preconditions

Workarounds

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature