CVE-2025-59095 (GCVE-0-2025-59095)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-26 10:04 – Updated: 2026-01-26 17:16
VLAI?
Title
Hard-coded Key for PIN Encryption in dormakaba Kaba exos 9300
Summary
The program libraries (DLL) and binaries used by exos 9300 contain multiple hard-coded secrets. One notable example is the function "EncryptAndDecrypt" in the library Kaba.EXOS.common.dll. This algorithm uses a simple XOR encryption technique combined with a cryptographic key (cryptoKey) to transform each character of the input string. However, it's important to note that this implementation does not provide strong encryption and should not be considered secure for sensitive data. It's more of a custom encryption approach rather than a common algorithm used in cryptographic applications. The key itself is static and based on the founder's name of the company. The functionality is for example used to encrypt the user PINs before storing them in the MSSQL database.
Severity ?
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
dormakaba Kaba exos 9300 Affected: <4.3.3
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Clemens Stockenreitner, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab Werner Schober, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-59095",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-01-26T17:16:22.572452Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-01-26T17:16:38.862Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Kaba exos 9300",
          "vendor": "dormakaba",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c4.3.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Clemens Stockenreitner, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Werner Schober, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "The program libraries (DLL) and binaries used by exos 9300 contain multiple hard-coded secrets. One notable example is the function \"EncryptAndDecrypt\" in the library Kaba.EXOS.common.dll. This algorithm uses a simple XOR encryption technique combined with a cryptographic key (cryptoKey) to transform each character of the input string. However, it\u0027s important to note that this implementation does not provide strong encryption and should not be considered secure for sensitive data. It\u0027s more of a custom encryption approach rather than a common algorithm used in cryptographic applications. The key itself is static and based on the founder\u0027s name of the company. The functionality is for example used to encrypt the user PINs before storing them in the MSSQL database."
            }
          ],
          "value": "The program libraries (DLL) and binaries used by exos 9300 contain multiple hard-coded secrets. One notable example is the function \"EncryptAndDecrypt\" in the library Kaba.EXOS.common.dll. This algorithm uses a simple XOR encryption technique combined with a cryptographic key (cryptoKey) to transform each character of the input string. However, it\u0027s important to note that this implementation does not provide strong encryption and should not be considered secure for sensitive data. It\u0027s more of a custom encryption approach rather than a common algorithm used in cryptographic applications. The key itself is static and based on the founder\u0027s name of the company. The functionality is for example used to encrypt the user PINs before storing them in the MSSQL database."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-191",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 6.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-01-26T10:04:15.107Z",
        "orgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
        "shortName": "SEC-VLab"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/dormakaba"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/dkexos"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.dormakabagroup.com/en/security-advisories"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "An update to the latest version of exos is recommended, at least exos 4.3.3."
            }
          ],
          "value": "An update to the latest version of exos is recommended, at least exos 4.3.3."
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Hard-coded Key for PIN Encryption in dormakaba Kaba exos 9300",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
    "assignerShortName": "SEC-VLab",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-59095",
    "datePublished": "2026-01-26T10:04:15.107Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-09-09T07:52:56.383Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-01-26T17:16:38.862Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-59095\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\",\"published\":\"2026-01-26T10:16:06.987\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-01-26T15:03:33.357\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"The program libraries (DLL) and binaries used by exos 9300 contain multiple hard-coded secrets. One notable example is the function \\\"EncryptAndDecrypt\\\" in the library Kaba.EXOS.common.dll. This algorithm uses a simple XOR encryption technique combined with a cryptographic key (cryptoKey) to transform each character of the input string. However, it\u0027s important to note that this implementation does not provide strong encryption and should not be considered secure for sensitive data. It\u0027s more of a custom encryption approach rather than a common algorithm used in cryptographic applications. The key itself is static and based on the founder\u0027s name of the company. The functionality is for example used to encrypt the user PINs before storing them in the MSSQL database.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV40\":[{\"source\":\"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"4.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X\",\"baseScore\":6.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"attackRequirements\":\"NONE\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"vulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"vulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"vulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subConfidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subAvailabilityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"exploitMaturity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"confidentialityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"integrityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"availabilityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackVector\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackComplexity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackRequirements\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedPrivilegesRequired\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedUserInteraction\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Safety\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Automatable\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Recovery\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"valueDensity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"providerUrgency\":\"NOT_DEFINED\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-798\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://r.sec-consult.com/dkexos\",\"source\":\"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\"},{\"url\":\"https://r.sec-consult.com/dormakaba\",\"source\":\"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.dormakabagroup.com/en/security-advisories\",\"source\":\"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\"}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"cna\": {\"affected\": [{\"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\", \"product\": \"Kaba exos 9300\", \"vendor\": \"dormakaba\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c4.3.3\"}]}], \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"Clemens Stockenreitner, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"Werner Schober, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"base64\": false, \"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"The program libraries (DLL) and binaries used by exos 9300 contain multiple hard-coded secrets. One notable example is the function \\\"EncryptAndDecrypt\\\" in the library Kaba.EXOS.common.dll. This algorithm uses a simple XOR encryption technique combined with a cryptographic key (cryptoKey) to transform each character of the input string. However, it\u0027s important to note that this implementation does not provide strong encryption and should not be considered secure for sensitive data. It\u0027s more of a custom encryption approach rather than a common algorithm used in cryptographic applications. The key itself is static and based on the founder\u0027s name of the company. The functionality is for example used to encrypt the user PINs before storing them in the MSSQL database.\"}], \"value\": \"The program libraries (DLL) and binaries used by exos 9300 contain multiple hard-coded secrets. One notable example is the function \\\"EncryptAndDecrypt\\\" in the library Kaba.EXOS.common.dll. This algorithm uses a simple XOR encryption technique combined with a cryptographic key (cryptoKey) to transform each character of the input string. However, it\u0027s important to note that this implementation does not provide strong encryption and should not be considered secure for sensitive data. It\u0027s more of a custom encryption approach rather than a common algorithm used in cryptographic applications. The key itself is static and based on the founder\u0027s name of the company. The functionality is for example used to encrypt the user PINs before storing them in the MSSQL database.\"}], \"impacts\": [{\"capecId\": \"CAPEC-191\", \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable\"}]}], \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV4_0\": {\"Automatable\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"Recovery\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"Safety\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"NONE\", \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseScore\": 6.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"exploitMaturity\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"providerUrgency\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"valueDensity\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N\", \"version\": \"4.0\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\": \"NOT_DEFINED\"}, \"format\": \"CVSS\", \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"cweId\": \"CWE-798\", \"description\": \"CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials\", \"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\", \"shortName\": \"SEC-VLab\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-01-26T10:04:15.107Z\"}, \"references\": [{\"tags\": [\"technical-description\"], \"url\": \"https://r.sec-consult.com/dormakaba\"}, {\"tags\": [\"third-party-advisory\"], \"url\": \"https://r.sec-consult.com/dkexos\"}, {\"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\"], \"url\": \"https://www.dormakabagroup.com/en/security-advisories\"}], \"solutions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"base64\": false, \"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"An update to the latest version of exos is recommended, at least exos 4.3.3.\"}], \"value\": \"An update to the latest version of exos is recommended, at least exos 4.3.3.\"}], \"source\": {\"discovery\": \"EXTERNAL\"}, \"title\": \"Hard-coded Key for PIN Encryption in dormakaba Kaba exos 9300\", \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"Vulnogram 0.5.0\"}}, \"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-59095\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-01-26T17:16:22.572452Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-01-26T17:16:28.204Z\"}}]}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-59095\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"assignerShortName\": \"SEC-VLab\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-09-09T07:52:56.383Z\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-01-26T10:04:15.107Z\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-01-26T17:16:38.862Z\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.