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CVE-2025-38129 (GCVE-0-2025-38129)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-03 08:35 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:59
VLAI
Title
page_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: page_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring syzbot reported a uaf in page_pool_recycle_in_ring: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880286045a0 by task syz.0.284/6943 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6943 Comm: syz.0.284 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-gdfa94ce54f41 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602 lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862 __raw_spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:165 [inline] _raw_spin_unlock_bh+0x1b/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:210 spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:396 [inline] ptr_ring_produce_bh include/linux/ptr_ring.h:164 [inline] page_pool_recycle_in_ring net/core/page_pool.c:707 [inline] page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x748/0xb00 net/core/page_pool.c:826 page_pool_put_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:323 [inline] page_pool_put_full_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:353 [inline] napi_pp_put_page+0x149/0x2b0 net/core/skbuff.c:1036 skb_pp_recycle net/core/skbuff.c:1047 [inline] skb_free_head net/core/skbuff.c:1094 [inline] skb_release_data+0x6c4/0x8a0 net/core/skbuff.c:1125 skb_release_all net/core/skbuff.c:1190 [inline] __kfree_skb net/core/skbuff.c:1204 [inline] sk_skb_reason_drop+0x1c9/0x380 net/core/skbuff.c:1242 kfree_skb_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:1263 [inline] __skb_queue_purge_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:3343 [inline] root cause is: page_pool_recycle_in_ring ptr_ring_produce spin_lock(&r->producer_lock); WRITE_ONCE(r->queue[r->producer++], ptr) //recycle last page to pool page_pool_release page_pool_scrub page_pool_empty_ring ptr_ring_consume page_pool_return_page //release all page __page_pool_destroy free_percpu(pool->recycle_stats); free(pool) //free spin_unlock(&r->producer_lock); //pool->ring uaf read recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring); page_pool can be free while page pool recycle the last page in ring. Add producer-lock barrier to page_pool_release to prevent the page pool from being free before all pages have been recycled. recycle_stat_inc() is empty when CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS is not enabled, which will trigger Wempty-body build warning. Add definition for pool stat macro to fix warning.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-10 20:41 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f , < c2c906142293931e33ef4be79ebc36c25c4e21dd (git)
Affected: ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f , < d69f28ef7cdafdcf37ee310f38b1399e7d05f9a8 (git)
Affected: ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f , < 1a8c0b61d4cb55c5440583ec9e7f86a730369e32 (git)
Affected: ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f , < 4914c0a166540e534a0c1d43affd329d95fb56fd (git)
Affected: ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f , < e869a85acc2e60dc554579b910826a4919d8cd98 (git)
Affected: ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f , < 4ab8c0f8905c9c4d05e7f437e65a9a365573ff02 (git)
Affected: ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f , < 271683bb2cf32e5126c592b5d5e6a756fa374fd9 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 4.18
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.18 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.259 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.198 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.160 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.120 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.34 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15.3 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npage_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring\n\nsyzbot reported a uaf in page_pool_recycle_in_ring:\n\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff8880286045a0 by task syz.0.284/6943\n\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6943 Comm: syz.0.284 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-gdfa94ce54f41 #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]\n print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489\n kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602\n lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862\n __raw_spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:165 [inline]\n _raw_spin_unlock_bh+0x1b/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:210\n spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:396 [inline]\n ptr_ring_produce_bh include/linux/ptr_ring.h:164 [inline]\n page_pool_recycle_in_ring net/core/page_pool.c:707 [inline]\n page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x748/0xb00 net/core/page_pool.c:826\n page_pool_put_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:323 [inline]\n page_pool_put_full_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:353 [inline]\n napi_pp_put_page+0x149/0x2b0 net/core/skbuff.c:1036\n skb_pp_recycle net/core/skbuff.c:1047 [inline]\n skb_free_head net/core/skbuff.c:1094 [inline]\n skb_release_data+0x6c4/0x8a0 net/core/skbuff.c:1125\n skb_release_all net/core/skbuff.c:1190 [inline]\n __kfree_skb net/core/skbuff.c:1204 [inline]\n sk_skb_reason_drop+0x1c9/0x380 net/core/skbuff.c:1242\n kfree_skb_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:1263 [inline]\n __skb_queue_purge_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:3343 [inline]\n\nroot cause is:\n\npage_pool_recycle_in_ring\n  ptr_ring_produce\n    spin_lock(\u0026r-\u003eproducer_lock);\n    WRITE_ONCE(r-\u003equeue[r-\u003eproducer++], ptr)\n      //recycle last page to pool\n\t\t\t\tpage_pool_release\n\t\t\t\t  page_pool_scrub\n\t\t\t\t    page_pool_empty_ring\n\t\t\t\t      ptr_ring_consume\n\t\t\t\t      page_pool_return_page  //release all page\n\t\t\t\t  __page_pool_destroy\n\t\t\t\t     free_percpu(pool-\u003erecycle_stats);\n\t\t\t\t     free(pool) //free\n\n     spin_unlock(\u0026r-\u003eproducer_lock); //pool-\u003ering uaf read\n  recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring);\n\npage_pool can be free while page pool recycle the last page in ring.\nAdd producer-lock barrier to page_pool_release to prevent the page\npool from being free before all pages have been recycled.\n\nrecycle_stat_inc() is empty when CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS is not\nenabled, which will trigger Wempty-body build warning. Add definition\nfor pool stat macro to fix warning."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Triggering requires local operations \u2014 creating/tearing down a page_pool-backed netdev (veth NAPI/GRO toggle, XDP detach, `ip link set down`, channel/ring reconfiguration) while freeing socket-queued skbs via close/purge syscalls. A remote peer can supply the packets that populate the pool but cannot initiate `page_pool_destroy()`, so the attack vector is local.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: they create the page pool, park page_pool-backed skbs on their own socket receive queue, then concurrently destroy the pool and purge the queue from another thread. Per-attempt the window is short, but it is entirely attacker-created and repeatable indefinitely (the `page_pool_release_retry` worker re-opens it every DEFER_TIME), with no condition outside the attacker\u0027s influence.\nPR:L - The producer side (`skb_release_data` \u2192 `napi_pp_put_page` \u2192 `page_pool_recycle_in_ring`) needs no privileges at all \u2014 just an ordinary socket. The destroy side needs only CAP_NET_ADMIN inside a network namespace, which any unprivileged user obtains with `unshare -Urn` to create a veth pair and toggle its NAPI/XDP state; no real root in the init namespace is required.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs the pool teardown and the skb free itself from its own threads. No victim action or cooperating process is needed.\nS:U - The freed object and the corruption both live in the host kernel\u0027s own memory; no VM, hypervisor, or IOMMU boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free on a `kzalloc_node()`-allocated `struct page_pool`, which an attacker can groom and replace with a controlled slab object; the stale `pool-\u003erecycle_stats` dereference then reads attacker-influenced kernel memory, and the lockdep `lock_release` path reads the freed `dep_map`, yielding a kernel-memory disclosure primitive.\nI:H - The racing producer writes into freed memory unconditionally \u2014 `r-\u003equeue[r-\u003eproducer++]` stores a netmem pointer, `r-\u003eproducer` is incremented, and `spin_unlock_bh()` performs a store-release to the freed lock word at a fixed offset in a reallocated object. With `CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS`, `recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring)` additionally increments through a pointer read out of the reallocated object, giving a near-arbitrary write usable for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The confirmed syzbot outcome is a KASAN slab-use-after-free splat (an oops, and a panic under `panic_on_warn`/`panic_on_oops`); unpoisoned, the stray writes corrupt the slab and the recycled page ends up double-owned, readily producing kernel panics and network-stack breakage."
            }
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:59:48.021Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2c906142293931e33ef4be79ebc36c25c4e21dd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d69f28ef7cdafdcf37ee310f38b1399e7d05f9a8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a8c0b61d4cb55c5440583ec9e7f86a730369e32"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4914c0a166540e534a0c1d43affd329d95fb56fd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e869a85acc2e60dc554579b910826a4919d8cd98"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ab8c0f8905c9c4d05e7f437e65a9a365573ff02"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/271683bb2cf32e5126c592b5d5e6a756fa374fd9"
        }
      ],
      "title": "page_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring",
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    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38129",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-03T08:35:33.728Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.987Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:59:48.021Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38129",
      "date": "2026-09-17",
      "epss": "0.00172",
      "percentile": "0.06873"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-02-18T01:41:55.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38129",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2025-38129",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-07-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "2",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "page_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-38129.json",
      "version": "4"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-38129\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-07-03T09:15:27.170\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T06:22:53.267\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\npage_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring\\n\\nsyzbot reported a uaf in page_pool_recycle_in_ring:\\n\\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862\\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff8880286045a0 by task syz.0.284/6943\\n\\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6943 Comm: syz.0.284 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-gdfa94ce54f41 #0\\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\\n dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120\\n print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]\\n print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489\\n kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602\\n lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862\\n __raw_spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:165 [inline]\\n _raw_spin_unlock_bh+0x1b/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:210\\n spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:396 [inline]\\n ptr_ring_produce_bh include/linux/ptr_ring.h:164 [inline]\\n page_pool_recycle_in_ring net/core/page_pool.c:707 [inline]\\n page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x748/0xb00 net/core/page_pool.c:826\\n page_pool_put_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:323 [inline]\\n page_pool_put_full_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:353 [inline]\\n napi_pp_put_page+0x149/0x2b0 net/core/skbuff.c:1036\\n skb_pp_recycle net/core/skbuff.c:1047 [inline]\\n skb_free_head net/core/skbuff.c:1094 [inline]\\n skb_release_data+0x6c4/0x8a0 net/core/skbuff.c:1125\\n skb_release_all net/core/skbuff.c:1190 [inline]\\n __kfree_skb net/core/skbuff.c:1204 [inline]\\n sk_skb_reason_drop+0x1c9/0x380 net/core/skbuff.c:1242\\n kfree_skb_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:1263 [inline]\\n __skb_queue_purge_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:3343 [inline]\\n\\nroot cause is:\\n\\npage_pool_recycle_in_ring\\n  ptr_ring_produce\\n    spin_lock(\u0026r-\u003eproducer_lock);\\n    WRITE_ONCE(r-\u003equeue[r-\u003eproducer++], ptr)\\n      //recycle last page to pool\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tpage_pool_release\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t  page_pool_scrub\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t    page_pool_empty_ring\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t      ptr_ring_consume\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t      page_pool_return_page  //release all page\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t  __page_pool_destroy\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t     free_percpu(pool-\u003erecycle_stats);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t     free(pool) //free\\n\\n     spin_unlock(\u0026r-\u003eproducer_lock); //pool-\u003ering uaf read\\n  recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring);\\n\\npage_pool can be free while page pool recycle the last page in ring.\\nAdd producer-lock barrier to page_pool_release to prevent the page\\npool from being free before all pages have been recycled.\\n\\nrecycle_stat_inc() is empty when CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS is not\\nenabled, which will trigger Wempty-body build warning. Add definition\\nfor pool stat macro to fix warning.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: page_pool: Fix use-after-free en page_pool_recycle_in_ring syzbot inform\u00f3 un uaf en page_pool_recycle_in_ring: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free en lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862 Lectura de tama\u00f1o 8 en la direcci\u00f3n ffff8880286045a0 por la tarea syz.0.284/6943 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6943 Comm: syz.0.284 No contaminado 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-gdfa94ce54f41 #0 Nombre del hardware: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 13/09/2024 Rastreo de llamadas:   __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602 lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862 __raw_spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:165 [inline] _raw_spin_unlock_bh+0x1b/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:210 spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:396 [inline] ptr_ring_produce_bh include/linux/ptr_ring.h:164 [inline] page_pool_recycle_in_ring net/core/page_pool.c:707 [inline] page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x748/0xb00 net/core/page_pool.c:826 page_pool_put_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:323 [inline] page_pool_put_full_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:353 [inline] napi_pp_put_page+0x149/0x2b0 net/core/skbuff.c:1036 skb_pp_recycle net/core/skbuff.c:1047 [inline] skb_free_head net/core/skbuff.c:1094 [inline] skb_release_data+0x6c4/0x8a0 net/core/skbuff.c:1125 skb_release_all net/core/skbuff.c:1190 [inline] __kfree_skb net/core/skbuff.c:1204 [inline] sk_skb_reason_drop+0x1c9/0x380 net/core/skbuff.c:1242 kfree_skb_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:1263 [inline] __skb_queue_purge_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:3343 [inline] root cause is: page_pool_recycle_in_ring ptr_ring_produce spin_lock(\u0026amp;r-\u0026gt;producer_lock); WRITE_ONCE(r-\u0026gt;queue[r-\u0026gt;producer++], ptr) //recycle last page to pool page_pool_release page_pool_scrub page_pool_empty_ring ptr_ring_consume page_pool_return_page //release all page __page_pool_destroy free_percpu(pool-\u0026gt;recycle_stats); free(pool) //free spin_unlock(\u0026amp;r-\u0026gt;producer_lock); //pool-\u0026gt;ring uaf read recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring); page_pool  puede estar libre mientras el grupo de p\u00e1ginas recicle la \u00faltima p\u00e1gina del anillo. Se ha a\u00f1adido una barrera de bloqueo del productor a page_pool_release para evitar que el grupo de p\u00e1ginas est\u00e9 libre antes de que se hayan reciclado todas las p\u00e1ginas. recycle_stat_inc() est\u00e1 vac\u00edo cuando CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS no est\u00e1 habilitado, lo que activar\u00e1 la advertencia de compilaci\u00f3n Wempty-body. Se ha a\u00f1adido una definici\u00f3n para la macro de estad\u00edsticas del grupo para corregir la advertencia.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/core/page_pool.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\",\"lessThan\":\"c2c906142293931e33ef4be79ebc36c25c4e21dd\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\",\"lessThan\":\"d69f28ef7cdafdcf37ee310f38b1399e7d05f9a8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\",\"lessThan\":\"1a8c0b61d4cb55c5440583ec9e7f86a730369e32\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\",\"lessThan\":\"4914c0a166540e534a0c1d43affd329d95fb56fd\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\",\"lessThan\":\"e869a85acc2e60dc554579b910826a4919d8cd98\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\",\"lessThan\":\"4ab8c0f8905c9c4d05e7f437e65a9a365573ff02\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\",\"lessThan\":\"271683bb2cf32e5126c592b5d5e6a756fa374fd9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/core/page_pool.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.18\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.18\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.259\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.198\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.160\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.120\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.34\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15.3\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-06-10T20:41:54.789942Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2025-38129\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"total\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-416\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.18\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.34\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D52CF84C-B143-4A91-B892-0DE244D504A7\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.15.3\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"0541C761-BD5E-4C1A-8432-83B375D7EB92\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a8c0b61d4cb55c5440583ec9e7f86a730369e32\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/271683bb2cf32e5126c592b5d5e6a756fa374fd9\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4914c0a166540e534a0c1d43affd329d95fb56fd\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ab8c0f8905c9c4d05e7f437e65a9a365573ff02\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2c906142293931e33ef4be79ebc36c25c4e21dd\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d69f28ef7cdafdcf37ee310f38b1399e7d05f9a8\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e869a85acc2e60dc554579b910826a4919d8cd98\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T09:17:32+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38129",
      "id": "CVE-2025-38129",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-07-03T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "2002",
      "product_status:known_affected": "98",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: Linux kernel: Use-after-free vulnerability in page_pool_recycle_in_ring can lead to arbitrary code execution",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38129.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-28T17:02:34Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38129",
      "id": "CVE-2025-38129",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-07-03T23:23:22Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "465",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "139",
      "product_status:recommended": "782",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-38129",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-38129.json",
      "version": "81"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-38129\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-06-10T20:41:54.789942Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-11T17:38:51.673Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"page_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"AV:L - Triggering requires local operations \\u2014 creating/tearing down a page_pool-backed netdev (veth NAPI/GRO toggle, XDP detach, `ip link set down`, channel/ring reconfiguration) while freeing socket-queued skbs via close/purge syscalls. A remote peer can supply the packets that populate the pool but cannot initiate `page_pool_destroy()`, so the attack vector is local.\\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: they create the page pool, park page_pool-backed skbs on their own socket receive queue, then concurrently destroy the pool and purge the queue from another thread. Per-attempt the window is short, but it is entirely attacker-created and repeatable indefinitely (the `page_pool_release_retry` worker re-opens it every DEFER_TIME), with no condition outside the attacker\u0027s influence.\\nPR:L - The producer side (`skb_release_data` \\u2192 `napi_pp_put_page` \\u2192 `page_pool_recycle_in_ring`) needs no privileges at all \\u2014 just an ordinary socket. The destroy side needs only CAP_NET_ADMIN inside a network namespace, which any unprivileged user obtains with `unshare -Urn` to create a veth pair and toggle its NAPI/XDP state; no real root in the init namespace is required.\\nUI:N - The attacking process performs the pool teardown and the skb free itself from its own threads. No victim action or cooperating process is needed.\\nS:U - The freed object and the corruption both live in the host kernel\u0027s own memory; no VM, hypervisor, or IOMMU boundary is crossed.\\nC:H - This is a use-after-free on a `kzalloc_node()`-allocated `struct page_pool`, which an attacker can groom and replace with a controlled slab object; the stale `pool-\u003erecycle_stats` dereference then reads attacker-influenced kernel memory, and the lockdep `lock_release` path reads the freed `dep_map`, yielding a kernel-memory disclosure primitive.\\nI:H - The racing producer writes into freed memory unconditionally \\u2014 `r-\u003equeue[r-\u003eproducer++]` stores a netmem pointer, `r-\u003eproducer` is incremented, and `spin_unlock_bh()` performs a store-release to the freed lock word at a fixed offset in a reallocated object. With `CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS`, `recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring)` additionally increments through a pointer read out of the reallocated object, giving a near-arbitrary write usable for control-flow hijack.\\nA:H - The confirmed syzbot outcome is a KASAN slab-use-after-free splat (an oops, and a panic under `panic_on_warn`/`panic_on_oops`); unpoisoned, the stray writes corrupt the slab and the recycled page ends up double-owned, readily producing kernel panics and network-stack breakage.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\", \"lessThan\": \"c2c906142293931e33ef4be79ebc36c25c4e21dd\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\", \"lessThan\": \"d69f28ef7cdafdcf37ee310f38b1399e7d05f9a8\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\", \"lessThan\": \"1a8c0b61d4cb55c5440583ec9e7f86a730369e32\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\", \"lessThan\": \"4914c0a166540e534a0c1d43affd329d95fb56fd\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\", \"lessThan\": \"e869a85acc2e60dc554579b910826a4919d8cd98\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\", \"lessThan\": \"4ab8c0f8905c9c4d05e7f437e65a9a365573ff02\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f\", \"lessThan\": \"271683bb2cf32e5126c592b5d5e6a756fa374fd9\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"net/core/page_pool.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"4.18\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"4.18\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.10.259\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.15.198\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.1.160\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.120\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.34\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.15.3\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.16\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"net/core/page_pool.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2c906142293931e33ef4be79ebc36c25c4e21dd\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d69f28ef7cdafdcf37ee310f38b1399e7d05f9a8\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a8c0b61d4cb55c5440583ec9e7f86a730369e32\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4914c0a166540e534a0c1d43affd329d95fb56fd\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e869a85acc2e60dc554579b910826a4919d8cd98\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ab8c0f8905c9c4d05e7f437e65a9a365573ff02\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/271683bb2cf32e5126c592b5d5e6a756fa374fd9\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\npage_pool: Fix use-after-free in page_pool_recycle_in_ring\\n\\nsyzbot reported a uaf in page_pool_recycle_in_ring:\\n\\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862\\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff8880286045a0 by task syz.0.284/6943\\n\\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6943 Comm: syz.0.284 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-gdfa94ce54f41 #0\\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\\n dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120\\n print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]\\n print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489\\n kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602\\n lock_release+0x151/0xa30 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5862\\n __raw_spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:165 [inline]\\n _raw_spin_unlock_bh+0x1b/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:210\\n spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:396 [inline]\\n ptr_ring_produce_bh include/linux/ptr_ring.h:164 [inline]\\n page_pool_recycle_in_ring net/core/page_pool.c:707 [inline]\\n page_pool_put_unrefed_netmem+0x748/0xb00 net/core/page_pool.c:826\\n page_pool_put_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:323 [inline]\\n page_pool_put_full_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:353 [inline]\\n napi_pp_put_page+0x149/0x2b0 net/core/skbuff.c:1036\\n skb_pp_recycle net/core/skbuff.c:1047 [inline]\\n skb_free_head net/core/skbuff.c:1094 [inline]\\n skb_release_data+0x6c4/0x8a0 net/core/skbuff.c:1125\\n skb_release_all net/core/skbuff.c:1190 [inline]\\n __kfree_skb net/core/skbuff.c:1204 [inline]\\n sk_skb_reason_drop+0x1c9/0x380 net/core/skbuff.c:1242\\n kfree_skb_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:1263 [inline]\\n __skb_queue_purge_reason include/linux/skbuff.h:3343 [inline]\\n\\nroot cause is:\\n\\npage_pool_recycle_in_ring\\n  ptr_ring_produce\\n    spin_lock(\u0026r-\u003eproducer_lock);\\n    WRITE_ONCE(r-\u003equeue[r-\u003eproducer++], ptr)\\n      //recycle last page to pool\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tpage_pool_release\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t  page_pool_scrub\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t    page_pool_empty_ring\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t      ptr_ring_consume\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t      page_pool_return_page  //release all page\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t  __page_pool_destroy\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t     free_percpu(pool-\u003erecycle_stats);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t     free(pool) //free\\n\\n     spin_unlock(\u0026r-\u003eproducer_lock); //pool-\u003ering uaf read\\n  recycle_stat_inc(pool, ring);\\n\\npage_pool can be free while page pool recycle the last page in ring.\\nAdd producer-lock barrier to page_pool_release to prevent the page\\npool from being free before all pages have been recycled.\\n\\nrecycle_stat_inc() is empty when CONFIG_PAGE_POOL_STATS is not\\nenabled, which will trigger Wempty-body build warning. Add definition\\nfor pool stat macro to fix warning.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.10.259\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.198\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.160\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.120\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.34\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.15.3\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.16\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:59:48.021Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-38129\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:59:48.021Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T04:51:23.987Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-07-03T08:35:33.728Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.