CVE-2025-15641 (GCVE-0-2025-15641)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 01:31 – Updated: 2026-06-17 14:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Netskope Client Exposed IOCTL with Insufficient Access Controls
Summary
Netskope was notified about a potential gap in its Netskope Client for Windows systems where a malicious insider with administrative privileges can potentially tamper with the customer IOCTL by sending crafted IOCTL requests to the driver. A successful exploit can result in the bypassing of all anti-tampering protections for the NSClient.Affected Product(s) and Version(s)
* Product Name: Netskope Client
* Affected Platform: Windows
* Affected Version: All version below R138
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-17 14:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-782 - Exposed IOCTL with insufficient access control
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netskope | Netskope Client |
Affected:
0 , < 138
(custom)
|
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-15641",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-17T14:57:15.545870Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-17T14:57:22.093Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "Netskope Client",
"vendor": "Netskope",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "138",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Netskope credits Juan Pablo Barriga for reporting this flaw."
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Netskope was notified about a potential gap in its Netskope Client for Windows systems where a malicious insider with administrative privileges can potentially tamper with the customer IOCTL by sending crafted IOCTL requests to the driver. A successful exploit can result in the bypassing of all anti-tampering protections for the NSClient.\u003cdiv\u003eAffected Product(s) and Version(s)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eProduct Name: Netskope Client\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eAffected Platform: Windows\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eAffected Version: All version below R138\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Netskope was notified about a potential gap in its Netskope Client for Windows systems where a malicious insider with administrative privileges can potentially tamper with the customer IOCTL by sending crafted IOCTL requests to the driver. A successful exploit can result in the bypassing of all anti-tampering protections for the NSClient.Affected Product(s) and Version(s)\n * Product Name: Netskope Client\n * Affected Platform: Windows\n * Affected Version: All version below R138"
}
],
"exploits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Netskope is not aware of any active exploitation of the security issue."
}
],
"value": "Netskope is not aware of any active exploitation of the security issue."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-176",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-176 Configuration/Environment Manipulation"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 6.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-782",
"description": "CWE-782 Exposed IOCTL with insufficient access control",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-17T01:50:01.108Z",
"orgId": "bf992f6a-e49d-4e94-9479-c4cff32c62bc",
"shortName": "Netskope"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.netskope.com/resources/netskope-resources/netskope-security-advisory-nskpsa-2025-007"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Use any of the below version of Netskope Client:\u003cbr\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eR138 and above\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eR135 (135.1.19.2670 and above )\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eR132 (132.0.27.2671 and above )\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Use any of the below version of Netskope Client:\n * R138 and above\n * R135 (135.1.19.2670 and above )\n * R132 (132.0.27.2671 and above )"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "NSKPSA-2025-007",
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Netskope Client Exposed IOCTL with Insufficient Access Controls",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "No workaround available"
}
],
"value": "No workaround available"
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "bf992f6a-e49d-4e94-9479-c4cff32c62bc",
"assignerShortName": "Netskope",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-15641",
"datePublished": "2026-06-17T01:31:51.228Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-22T15:49:43.557Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-17T14:57:22.093Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-15641",
"date": "2026-09-18",
"epss": "0.00163",
"percentile": "0.05893"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "Netskope Client",
"vendor": "Netskope",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "138",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"source": "psirt@netskope.com"
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Netskope was notified about a potential gap in its Netskope Client for Windows systems where a malicious insider with administrative privileges can potentially tamper with the customer IOCTL by sending crafted IOCTL requests to the driver. A successful exploit can result in the bypassing of all anti-tampering protections for the NSClient.Affected Product(s) and Version(s)\n * Product Name: Netskope Client\n * Affected Platform: Windows\n * Affected Version: All version below R138"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-15641",
"lastModified": "2026-06-17T16:18:58.823",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV40": [
{
"cvssData": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"baseScore": 6.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"source": "psirt@netskope.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2025-15641",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-17T14:57:15.545870Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2026-06-17T13:19:13.070",
"references": [
{
"source": "psirt@netskope.com",
"url": "https://www.netskope.com/resources/netskope-resources/netskope-security-advisory-nskpsa-2025-007"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "psirt@netskope.com",
"vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-782"
}
],
"source": "psirt@netskope.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-15641",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-17T14:57:15.545870Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-17T14:57:18.624Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "Netskope Client",
"vendor": "Netskope",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "138",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Netskope credits Juan Pablo Barriga for reporting this flaw."
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Netskope was notified about a potential gap in its Netskope Client for Windows systems where a malicious insider with administrative privileges can potentially tamper with the customer IOCTL by sending crafted IOCTL requests to the driver. A successful exploit can result in the bypassing of all anti-tampering protections for the NSClient.\u003cdiv\u003eAffected Product(s) and Version(s)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eProduct Name: Netskope Client\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eAffected Platform: Windows\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eAffected Version: All version below R138\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Netskope was notified about a potential gap in its Netskope Client for Windows systems where a malicious insider with administrative privileges can potentially tamper with the customer IOCTL by sending crafted IOCTL requests to the driver. A successful exploit can result in the bypassing of all anti-tampering protections for the NSClient.Affected Product(s) and Version(s)\n * Product Name: Netskope Client\n * Affected Platform: Windows\n * Affected Version: All version below R138"
}
],
"exploits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Netskope is not aware of any active exploitation of the security issue."
}
],
"value": "Netskope is not aware of any active exploitation of the security issue."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-176",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-176 Configuration/Environment Manipulation"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 6.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-782",
"description": "CWE-782 Exposed IOCTL with insufficient access control",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-17T01:50:01.108Z",
"orgId": "bf992f6a-e49d-4e94-9479-c4cff32c62bc",
"shortName": "Netskope"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.netskope.com/resources/netskope-resources/netskope-security-advisory-nskpsa-2025-007"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Use any of the below version of Netskope Client:\u003cbr\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eR138 and above\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eR135 (135.1.19.2670 and above )\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eR132 (132.0.27.2671 and above )\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Use any of the below version of Netskope Client:\n * R138 and above\n * R135 (135.1.19.2670 and above )\n * R132 (132.0.27.2671 and above )"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "NSKPSA-2025-007",
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Netskope Client Exposed IOCTL with Insufficient Access Controls",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "No workaround available"
}
],
"value": "No workaround available"
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "bf992f6a-e49d-4e94-9479-c4cff32c62bc",
"assignerShortName": "Netskope",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-15641",
"datePublished": "2026-06-17T01:31:51.228Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-22T15:49:43.557Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-17T14:57:22.093Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…