CVE-2025-13184 (GCVE-0-2025-13184)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-10 12:34 – Updated: 2025-12-10 15:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password
Summary
Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password on factory/reset X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 (arbitrary command execution). Earlier versions that share the same implementation, may also be affected.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-10 15:17 UTC
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toto Link | X5000R's (AX1800 router) |
Affected:
0 , < V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113
(custom)
|
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T13:17:29.972Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/821724"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-13184",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-10T15:17:58.730787Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T15:21:20.666Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "X5000R\u0027s (AX1800 router)",
"vendor": "Toto Link",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password on factory/reset X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 (arbitrary command execution). Earlier versions that share the same implementation, may also be affected."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
"lang": "en"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T14:16:27.983Z",
"orgId": "37e5125f-f79b-445b-8fad-9564f167944b",
"shortName": "certcc"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://hackingbydoing.wixsite.com/hackingbydoing/post/totolink-x5000r-ax1800-router-authentication-bypass"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "VINCE 3.0.30",
"env": "prod",
"origin": "https://cveawg.mitre.org/api/cve/CVE-2025-13184"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "37e5125f-f79b-445b-8fad-9564f167944b",
"assignerShortName": "certcc",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-13184",
"datePublished": "2025-12-10T12:34:54.590Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-11-14T12:22:56.010Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T15:21:20.666Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-13184",
"date": "2026-09-19",
"epss": "0.11278",
"percentile": "0.9577"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"product": "X5000R\u0027s (AX1800 router)",
"vendor": "Toto Link",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"source": "cret@cert.org"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:totolink:x5000r_firmware:9.1.0u.6369_b20230113:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "FAA27C60-0FFD-45E3-91B1-0C2F8EBF2442",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
},
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:totolink:x5000r:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "BC45BFB0-0CF0-4F9E-B19D-D274B17F1591",
"vulnerable": false
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "AND"
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password on factory/reset X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 (arbitrary command execution). Earlier versions that share the same implementation, may also be affected."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-13184",
"lastModified": "2026-06-17T08:33:38.510",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2025-13184",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"automatable": "yes"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-10T15:17:58.730787Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2025-12-10T13:16:02.970",
"references": [
{
"source": "cret@cert.org",
"tags": [
"Exploit",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://hackingbydoing.wixsite.com/hackingbydoing/post/totolink-x5000r-ax1800-router-authentication-bypass"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/821724"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "cret@cert.org",
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-863"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2025-12-11T12:56:52+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-13184",
"id": "CVE-2025-13184",
"initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-13184.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T13:17:29.972Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/821724"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-13184",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-10T15:17:58.730787Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T15:21:08.575Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "X5000R\u0027s (AX1800 router)",
"vendor": "Toto Link",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password on factory/reset X5000R V9.1.0u.6369_B20230113 (arbitrary command execution). Earlier versions that share the same implementation, may also be affected."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
"lang": "en"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T14:16:27.983Z",
"orgId": "37e5125f-f79b-445b-8fad-9564f167944b",
"shortName": "certcc"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://hackingbydoing.wixsite.com/hackingbydoing/post/totolink-x5000r-ax1800-router-authentication-bypass"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Unauthenticated Telnet enablement via cstecgi.cgi (auth bypass) leading to unauthenticated root login with a blank password",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "VINCE 3.0.30",
"env": "prod",
"origin": "https://cveawg.mitre.org/api/cve/CVE-2025-13184"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "37e5125f-f79b-445b-8fad-9564f167944b",
"assignerShortName": "certcc",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-13184",
"datePublished": "2025-12-10T12:34:54.590Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-11-14T12:22:56.010Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-10T15:21:20.666Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…