Vulnerability-Lookup

CNVD-2023-27583

Vulnerability from cnvd - Published: 2023-04-08

Title

Cacti存在命令执行漏洞

Description

Cacti是一套基于PHP，MySQL，SNMP及RRDTool开发的网络流量监测图形分析工具。 Cacti存在命令执行漏洞，攻击者可利用该漏洞执行任意命令。

Severity

高

Patch Name

Cacti存在命令执行漏洞的补丁

Patch Description

Cacti是一套基于PHP,MySQL,SNMP及RRDTool开发的网络流量监测图形分析工具。 Cacti存在命令执行漏洞，攻击者可利用该漏洞执行任意命令。目前，供应商发布了安全公告及相关补丁信息，修复了此漏洞。

Formal description

目前厂商已发布升级补丁以修复漏洞，补丁获取链接： https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf

Impacted products

Name
The Cacti Group Cacti 1.2.22

Show details on source website

JSON

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{
  "cves": {
    "cve": {
      "cveNumber": "CVE-2022-46169"
    }
  },
  "description": "Cacti\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u57fa\u4e8ePHP\uff0cMySQL\uff0cSNMP\u53caRRDTool\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u6d4b\u56fe\u5f62\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002\n\nCacti\u5b58\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002",
  "discovererName": "\u5c0f\u5c3c\u5416",
  "formalWay": "\u76ee\u524d\u5382\u5546\u5df2\u53d1\u5e03\u5347\u7ea7\u8865\u4e01\u4ee5\u4fee\u590d\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u8865\u4e01\u83b7\u53d6\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a\r\nhttps://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf",
  "isEvent": "\u901a\u7528\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u6f0f\u6d1e",
  "number": "CNVD-2023-27583",
  "openTime": "2023-04-08",
  "patchDescription": "Cacti\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u57fa\u4e8ePHP,MySQL,SNMP\u53caRRDTool\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u6d4b\u56fe\u5f62\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002\r\n\r\nCacti\u5b58\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u8865\u4e01\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u6b64\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002",
  "patchName": "Cacti\u5b58\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u8865\u4e01",
  "products": {
    "product": "The Cacti Group Cacti 1.2.22"
  },
  "serverity": "\u9ad8",
  "submitTime": "2023-02-22",
  "title": "Cacti\u5b58\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6f0f\u6d1e"
}

CVE-2022-46169 (GCVE-0-2022-46169)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-05 20:48 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:15

Title

Unauthenticated Command Injection

Summary

Cacti is an open source platform which provides a robust and extensible operational monitoring and fault management framework for users. In affected versions a command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on a server running Cacti, if a specific data source was selected for any monitored device. The vulnerability resides in the `remote_agent.php` file. This file can be accessed without authentication. This function retrieves the IP address of the client via `get_client_addr` and resolves this IP address to the corresponding hostname via `gethostbyaddr`. After this, it is verified that an entry within the `poller` table exists, where the hostname corresponds to the resolved hostname. If such an entry was found, the function returns `true` and the client is authorized. This authorization can be bypassed due to the implementation of the `get_client_addr` function. The function is defined in the file `lib/functions.php` and checks serval `$_SERVER` variables to determine the IP address of the client. The variables beginning with `HTTP_` can be arbitrarily set by an attacker. Since there is a default entry in the `poller` table with the hostname of the server running Cacti, an attacker can bypass the authentication e.g. by providing the header `Forwarded-For: <TARGETIP>`. This way the function `get_client_addr` returns the IP address of the server running Cacti. The following call to `gethostbyaddr` will resolve this IP address to the hostname of the server, which will pass the `poller` hostname check because of the default entry. After the authorization of the `remote_agent.php` file is bypassed, an attacker can trigger different actions. One of these actions is called `polldata`. The called function `poll_for_data` retrieves a few request parameters and loads the corresponding `poller_item` entries from the database. If the `action` of a `poller_item` equals `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`, the function `proc_open` is used to execute a PHP script. The attacker-controlled parameter `$poller_id` is retrieved via the function `get_nfilter_request_var`, which allows arbitrary strings. This variable is later inserted into the string passed to `proc_open`, which leads to a command injection vulnerability. By e.g. providing the `poller_id=;id` the `id` command is executed. In order to reach the vulnerable call, the attacker must provide a `host_id` and `local_data_id`, where the `action` of the corresponding `poller_item` is set to `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`. Both of these ids (`host_id` and `local_data_id`) can easily be bruteforced. The only requirement is that a `poller_item` with an `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` action exists. This is very likely on a productive instance because this action is added by some predefined templates like `Device - Uptime` or `Device - Polling Time`. This command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary commands if a `poller_item` with the `action` type `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` (`2`) is configured. The authorization bypass should be prevented by not allowing an attacker to make `get_client_addr` (file `lib/functions.php`) return an arbitrary IP address. This could be done by not honoring the `HTTP_...` `$_SERVER` variables. If these should be kept for compatibility reasons it should at least be prevented to fake the IP address of the server running Cacti. This vulnerability has been addressed in both the 1.2.x and 1.3.x release branches with `1.2.23` being the first release containing the patch.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: active Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2024-05-13 17:39 UTC

CWE

CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/7f0e16312dd…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/a8d59e8fa5f…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/b43f13ae7f1…	x_refsource_MISC
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit…	government-resource

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Cacti	cacti	Affected: < 1.2.23
cacti	cacti	Affected: - , < 1.2.23 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:cacti:cacti:-:::::::*

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cacti:cacti:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "cacti",
            "vendor": "cacti",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "1.2.23",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "-",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2022-46169",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "active"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-05-13T17:39:57.218915Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "dateAdded": "2023-02-16",
                "reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-46169"
              },
              "type": "kev"
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        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:15:30.343Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "government-resource"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-46169"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2023-02-16T00:00:00.000Z",
            "value": "CVE-2022-46169 added to CISA KEV"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-03T14:24:03.319Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
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            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/7f0e16312dd5ce20f93744ef8b9c3b0f1ece2216",
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            "url": "https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/7f0e16312dd5ce20f93744ef8b9c3b0f1ece2216"
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          {
            "name": "https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/a8d59e8fa5f0054aa9c6981b1cbe30ef0e2a0ec9",
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          {
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        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
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        {
          "product": "cacti",
          "vendor": "Cacti",
          "versions": [
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            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Cacti is an open source platform which provides a robust and extensible operational monitoring and fault management framework for users. In affected versions a command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on a server running Cacti, if a specific data source was selected for any monitored device. The vulnerability resides in the `remote_agent.php` file. This file can be accessed without authentication. This function retrieves the IP address of the client via `get_client_addr` and resolves this IP address to the corresponding hostname via `gethostbyaddr`. After this, it is verified that an entry within the `poller` table exists, where the hostname corresponds to the resolved hostname. If such an entry was found, the function returns `true` and the client is authorized. This authorization can be bypassed due to the implementation of the `get_client_addr` function. The function is defined in the file `lib/functions.php` and checks serval `$_SERVER` variables to determine the IP address of the client. The variables beginning with `HTTP_` can be arbitrarily set by an attacker. Since there is a default entry in the `poller` table with the hostname of the server running Cacti, an attacker can bypass the authentication e.g. by providing the header `Forwarded-For: \u003cTARGETIP\u003e`. This way the function `get_client_addr` returns the IP address of the server running Cacti. The following call to `gethostbyaddr` will resolve this IP address to the hostname of the server, which will pass the `poller` hostname check because of the default entry. After the authorization of the `remote_agent.php` file is bypassed, an attacker can trigger different actions. One of these actions is called `polldata`. The called function `poll_for_data` retrieves a few request parameters and loads the corresponding `poller_item` entries from the database. If the `action` of a `poller_item` equals `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`, the function `proc_open` is used to execute a PHP script. The attacker-controlled parameter `$poller_id` is retrieved via the function `get_nfilter_request_var`, which allows arbitrary strings. This variable is later inserted into the string passed to `proc_open`, which leads to a command injection vulnerability. By e.g. providing the `poller_id=;id` the `id` command is executed. In order to reach the vulnerable call, the attacker must provide a `host_id` and `local_data_id`, where the `action` of the corresponding `poller_item` is set to `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`. Both of these ids (`host_id` and `local_data_id`) can easily be bruteforced. The only requirement is that a `poller_item` with an `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` action exists. This is very likely on a productive instance because this action is added by some predefined templates like `Device - Uptime` or `Device - Polling Time`.\n\nThis command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary commands if a `poller_item` with the `action` type `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` (`2`) is configured. The authorization bypass should be prevented by not allowing an attacker to make `get_client_addr` (file `lib/functions.php`) return an arbitrary IP address. This could be done by not honoring the `HTTP_...` `$_SERVER` variables. If these should be kept for compatibility reasons it should at least be prevented to fake the IP address of the server running Cacti. This vulnerability has been addressed in both the 1.2.x and 1.3.x release branches with `1.2.23` being the first release containing the patch."
        }
      ],
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        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
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            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
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            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
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              "type": "CWE"
            }
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      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Unauthenticated Command Injection"
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2022-46169",
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.