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Vulnerability from cleanstart
Published
2026-07-30 07:10
Modified
2026-07-30 09:33
Summary
Security fixes in thingsboard-tb-web-ui 4.3.1-r0
Details
Package thingsboard-tb-web-ui version 4.3.1-r0 fixes 4 vulnerabilities: CVE-2026-26960, CVE-2026-29786, CVE-2026-31802, CVE-2026-2391
References
| URL | Type | |
|---|---|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Alpine",
"name": "thingsboard-tb-web-ui"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.1-r0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"4.3.1-r0"
]
}
],
"credits": [],
"database_specific": {},
"details": "Package thingsboard-tb-web-ui version 4.3.1-r0 fixes 4 vulnerabilities: CVE-2026-26960, CVE-2026-29786, CVE-2026-31802, CVE-2026-2391",
"id": "CLEANSTART-2026-DF65742",
"modified": "2026-07-30T09:33:39Z",
"published": "2026-07-30T07:10:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/thingsboard/thingsboard"
}
],
"related": [],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"summary": "Security fixes in thingsboard-tb-web-ui 4.3.1-r0",
"upstream": [
"CVE-2026-26960",
"CVE-2026-29786",
"CVE-2026-31802",
"CVE-2026-2391"
]
}
CVE-2026-2391 (GCVE-0-2026-2391)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-12 04:39 – Updated: 2026-02-12 17:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
qs's arrayLimit bypass in comma parsing allows denial of service
Summary
### Summary
The `arrayLimit` option in qs does not enforce limits for comma-separated values when `comma: true` is enabled, allowing attackers to cause denial-of-service via memory exhaustion. This is a bypass of the array limit enforcement, similar to the bracket notation bypass addressed in GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p (CVE-2025-15284).
### Details
When the `comma` option is set to `true` (not the default, but configurable in applications), qs allows parsing comma-separated strings as arrays (e.g., `?param=a,b,c` becomes `['a', 'b', 'c']`). However, the limit check for `arrayLimit` (default: 20) and the optional throwOnLimitExceeded occur after the comma-handling logic in `parseArrayValue`, enabling a bypass. This permits creation of arbitrarily large arrays from a single parameter, leading to excessive memory allocation.
**Vulnerable code** (lib/parse.js: lines ~40-50):
```js
if (val && typeof val === 'string' && options.comma && val.indexOf(',') > -1) {
return val.split(',');
}
if (options.throwOnLimitExceeded && currentArrayLength >= options.arrayLimit) {
throw new RangeError('Array limit exceeded. Only ' + options.arrayLimit + ' element' + (options.arrayLimit === 1 ? '' : 's') + ' allowed in an array.');
}
return val;
```
The `split(',')` returns the array immediately, skipping the subsequent limit check. Downstream merging via `utils.combine` does not prevent allocation, even if it marks overflows for sparse arrays.This discrepancy allows attackers to send a single parameter with millions of commas (e.g., `?param=,,,,,,,,...`), allocating massive arrays in memory without triggering limits. It bypasses the intent of `arrayLimit`, which is enforced correctly for indexed (`a[0]=`) and bracket (`a[]=`) notations (the latter fixed in v6.14.1 per GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p).
### PoC
**Test 1 - Basic bypass:**
```
npm install qs
```
```js
const qs = require('qs');
const payload = 'a=' + ','.repeat(25); // 26 elements after split (bypasses arrayLimit: 5)
const options = { comma: true, arrayLimit: 5, throwOnLimitExceeded: true };
try {
const result = qs.parse(payload, options);
console.log(result.a.length); // Outputs: 26 (bypass successful)
} catch (e) {
console.log('Limit enforced:', e.message); // Not thrown
}
```
**Configuration:**
- `comma: true`
- `arrayLimit: 5`
- `throwOnLimitExceeded: true`
Expected: Throws "Array limit exceeded" error.
Actual: Parses successfully, creating an array of length 26.
### Impact
Denial of Service (DoS) via memory exhaustion.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ljharb/qs/security/advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/ljharb/qs/commit/f6a7abff1f13d… | patch |
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"value": "### Summary\u003cbr\u003eThe `arrayLimit` option in qs does not enforce limits for comma-separated values when `comma: true` is enabled, allowing attackers to cause denial-of-service via memory exhaustion. This is a bypass of the array limit enforcement, similar to the bracket notation bypass addressed in GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p (CVE-2025-15284).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e### Details\u003cbr\u003eWhen the `comma` option is set to `true` (not the default, but configurable in applications), qs allows parsing comma-separated strings as arrays (e.g., `?param=a,b,c` becomes `[\u0027a\u0027, \u0027b\u0027, \u0027c\u0027]`). However, the limit check for `arrayLimit` (default: 20) and the optional throwOnLimitExceeded occur after the comma-handling logic in `parseArrayValue`, enabling a bypass. This permits creation of arbitrarily large arrays from a single parameter, leading to excessive memory allocation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e**Vulnerable code** (lib/parse.js: lines ~40-50):\u003cbr\u003e```js\u003cbr\u003eif (val \u0026amp;\u0026amp; typeof val === \u0027string\u0027 \u0026amp;\u0026amp; options.comma \u0026amp;\u0026amp; val.indexOf(\u0027,\u0027) \u0026gt; -1) {\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; return val.split(\u0027,\u0027);\u003cbr\u003e}\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eif (options.throwOnLimitExceeded \u0026amp;\u0026amp; currentArrayLength \u0026gt;= options.arrayLimit) {\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; throw new RangeError(\u0027Array limit exceeded. Only \u0027 + options.arrayLimit + \u0027 element\u0027 + (options.arrayLimit === 1 ? \u0027\u0027 : \u0027s\u0027) + \u0027 allowed in an array.\u0027);\u003cbr\u003e}\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ereturn val;\u003cbr\u003e```\u003cbr\u003eThe `split(\u0027,\u0027)` returns the array immediately, skipping the subsequent limit check. Downstream merging via `utils.combine` does not prevent allocation, even if it marks overflows for sparse arrays.This discrepancy allows attackers to send a single parameter with millions of commas (e.g., `?param=,,,,,,,,...`), allocating massive arrays in memory without triggering limits. It bypasses the intent of `arrayLimit`, which is enforced correctly for indexed (`a[0]=`) and bracket (`a[]=`) notations (the latter fixed in v6.14.1 per GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e### PoC\u003cbr\u003e**Test 1 - Basic bypass:**\u003cbr\u003e```\u003cbr\u003enpm install qs\u003cbr\u003e```\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e```js\u003cbr\u003econst qs = require(\u0027qs\u0027);\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003econst payload = \u0027a=\u0027 + \u0027,\u0027.repeat(25); // 26 elements after split (bypasses arrayLimit: 5)\u003cbr\u003econst options = { comma: true, arrayLimit: 5, throwOnLimitExceeded: true };\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003etry {\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp; const result = qs.parse(payload, options);\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp; console.log(result.a.length); // Outputs: 26 (bypass successful)\u003cbr\u003e} catch (e) {\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp; console.log(\u0027Limit enforced:\u0027, e.message); // Not thrown\u003cbr\u003e}\u003cbr\u003e```\u003cbr\u003e**Configuration:**\u003cbr\u003e- `comma: true`\u003cbr\u003e- `arrayLimit: 5`\u003cbr\u003e- `throwOnLimitExceeded: true`\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eExpected: Throws \"Array limit exceeded\" error.\u003cbr\u003eActual: Parses successfully, creating an array of length 26.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e### Impact\u003cbr\u003eDenial of Service (DoS) via memory exhaustion.\u003cbr\u003e"
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CVE-2026-26960 (GCVE-0-2026-26960)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-20 01:07 – Updated: 2026-02-20 15:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
node-tar has Arbitrary File Read/Write via Hardlink Target Escape Through Symlink Chain in Extraction
Summary
node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. When using default options in versions 7.5.7 and below, an attacker-controlled archive can create a hardlink inside the extraction directory that points to a file outside the extraction root, enabling arbitrary file read and write as the extracting user. Severity is high because the primitive bypasses path protections and turns archive extraction into a direct filesystem access primitive. This issue has been fixed in version 7.5.8.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/2cb1120… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/d18e4e1… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-29786 (GCVE-0-2026-29786)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-07 15:32 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
node-tar: Hardlink Path Traversal via Drive-Relative Linkpath
Summary
node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to version 7.5.10, tar can be tricked into creating a hardlink that points outside the extraction directory by using a drive-relative link target such as C:../target.txt, which enables file overwrite outside cwd during normal tar.x() extraction. This issue has been patched in version 7.5.10.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/7bc755d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-29786 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2445476 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
22 products
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to version 7.5.10, tar can be tricked into creating a hardlink that points outside the extraction directory by using a drive-relative link target such as C:../target.txt, which enables file overwrite outside cwd during normal tar.x() extraction. This issue has been patched in version 7.5.10."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 8.2,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:H/SA:L",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-59",
"description": "CWE-59: Improper Link Resolution Before File Access (\u0027Link Following\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-07T15:32:22.748Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advisories/GHSA-qffp-2rhf-9h96",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advisories/GHSA-qffp-2rhf-9h96"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/7bc755dd85e623c0279e08eb3784909e6d7e4b9f",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/7bc755dd85e623c0279e08eb3784909e6d7e4b9f"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-qffp-2rhf-9h96",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "node-tar: Hardlink Path Traversal via Drive-Relative Linkpath"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-29786",
"datePublished": "2026-03-07T15:32:22.748Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-04T16:26:02.899Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-15T01:10:14.385Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-31802 (GCVE-0-2026-31802)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-09 21:11 – Updated: 2026-03-10 14:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
node-tar Symlink Path Traversal via Drive-Relative Linkpath
Summary
node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to version 7.5.11, tar (npm) can be tricked into creating a symlink that points outside the extraction directory by using a drive-relative symlink target such as C:../../../target.txt, which enables file overwrite outside cwd during normal tar.x() extraction. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.11.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/f48b5fa… | x_refsource_MISC |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-31802",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-03-10T14:56:31.266727Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-10T14:56:35.229Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advisories/GHSA-9ppj-qmqm-q256"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "node-tar",
"vendor": "isaacs",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 7.5.11"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to version 7.5.11, tar (npm) can be tricked into creating a symlink that points outside the extraction directory by using a drive-relative symlink target such as C:../../../target.txt, which enables file overwrite outside cwd during normal tar.x() extraction. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.11."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 8.2,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T21:11:56.668Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advisories/GHSA-9ppj-qmqm-q256",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advisories/GHSA-9ppj-qmqm-q256"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/f48b5fa3b7985ddab96dc0f2125a4ffc9911b6ad",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/f48b5fa3b7985ddab96dc0f2125a4ffc9911b6ad"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-9ppj-qmqm-q256",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "node-tar Symlink Path Traversal via Drive-Relative Linkpath"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-31802",
"datePublished": "2026-03-09T21:11:56.668Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-09T16:33:42.913Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-10T14:56:35.229Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
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Trend slope:
-
(linear fit over daily sighting counts)
Show additional events:
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
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