Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-81928 (GCVE-0-2026-81928)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 23:14 – Updated: 2026-09-01 23:14

Title

Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record

Summary

Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record. sig_data signs a message by re-encoding it, and removes TSIG records only from the additional section. A TSIG decoded into the answer or authority section survives that step and is signed again, so encoding re-enters sig_data with no termination condition. Decoding does not reject such a message: a TSIG that is not the last record on the wire raises "misplaced or corrupt TSIG", but the error is caught, reported as a warning, and the record is left in the packet. RFC 8945 section 5.2 requires the message to be dropped. The recursion is reached only when the decoded TSIG carries an empty MAC, since a MAC recovered from the wire short-circuits the signing step. It is reached only from code that re-encodes a message it decoded, such as a forwarder or a proxy. A decoded message that is never re-encoded is unaffected. Message direction does not matter: a query reaches the same path as a response. Each cycle re-encodes the whole message, so fewer than 100 bytes on the wire exhaust available memory and terminate the process.

Severity

No CVSS data available.

CWE

CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion

Assigner

CPANSec redhat root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.…
https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.…
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8945#sec…
https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=181125	issue-tracking
https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.…	release-notes

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
		Affected: 0 , < 1.57 (custom)

Credits

Naseeb Dangi and Xiang Li from AOSP Lab @ Nankai University

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://cpan.org/modules",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "Net::DNS"
          ],
          "packageName": "Net-DNS",
          "packageURL": "pkg:cpan/Net-DNS",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "Net::DNS::RR::TSIG::sig_data"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://www.net-dns.org/svn/net-dns/",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.57",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "Naseeb Dangi and Xiang Li from AOSP Lab @ Nankai University"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record.\n\nsig_data signs a message by re-encoding it, and removes TSIG records only from the additional section. A TSIG decoded into the answer or authority section survives that step and is signed again, so encoding re-enters sig_data with no termination condition. Decoding does not reject such a message: a TSIG that is not the last record on the wire raises \"misplaced or corrupt TSIG\", but the error is caught, reported as a warning, and the record is left in the packet. RFC 8945 section 5.2 requires the message to be dropped.\n\nThe recursion is reached only when the decoded TSIG carries an empty MAC, since a MAC recovered from the wire short-circuits the signing step. It is reached only from code that re-encodes a message it decoded, such as a forwarder or a proxy. A decoded message that is never re-encoded is unaffected. Message direction does not matter: a query reaches the same path as a response.\n\nEach cycle re-encodes the whole message, so fewer than 100 bytes on the wire exhaust available memory and terminate the process."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-674",
              "description": "CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-01T23:14:52.133Z",
        "orgId": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
        "shortName": "CPANSec"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L245-262"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L62-73"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8945#section-5.2"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=181125"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "release-notes"
          ],
          "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.57/changes"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Upgrade to Net-DNS 1.57 or later."
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record",
      "workarounds": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "For deployments that are not able to upgrade to Net-DNS 1.57, reject a decoded message before re-encoding it if a TSIG record appears anywhere but the final position of the additional section."
        }
      ],
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "cpansec-cna-tool 0.1"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
    "assignerShortName": "CPANSec",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-81928",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-01T23:14:52.133Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-27T18:31:50.335Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-01T23:14:52.133Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-81928\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\",\"published\":\"2026-09-02T00:18:26.147\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-09-02T00:18:26.147\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record.\\n\\nsig_data signs a message by re-encoding it, and removes TSIG records only from the additional section. A TSIG decoded into the answer or authority section survives that step and is signed again, so encoding re-enters sig_data with no termination condition. Decoding does not reject such a message: a TSIG that is not the last record on the wire raises \\\"misplaced or corrupt TSIG\\\", but the error is caught, reported as a warning, and the record is left in the packet. RFC 8945 section 5.2 requires the message to be dropped.\\n\\nThe recursion is reached only when the decoded TSIG carries an empty MAC, since a MAC recovered from the wire short-circuits the signing step. It is reached only from code that re-encodes a message it decoded, such as a forwarder or a proxy. A decoded message that is never re-encoded is unaffected. Message direction does not matter: a query reaches the same path as a response.\\n\\nEach cycle re-encodes the whole message, so fewer than 100 bytes on the wire exhaust available memory and terminate the process.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\",\"affectedData\":[{\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"collectionURL\":\"https://cpan.org/modules\",\"packageName\":\"Net-DNS\",\"modules\":[\"Net::DNS\"],\"programFiles\":[\"lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm\"],\"programRoutines\":[{\"name\":\"Net::DNS::RR::TSIG::sig_data\"}],\"repo\":\"https://www.net-dns.org/svn/net-dns/\",\"packageURL\":\"pkg:cpan/Net-DNS\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"1.57\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-674\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8945#section-5.2\",\"source\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\"},{\"url\":\"https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L245-262\",\"source\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\"},{\"url\":\"https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L62-73\",\"source\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\"},{\"url\":\"https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.57/changes\",\"source\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\"},{\"url\":\"https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=181125\",\"source\":\"9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e\"}]}}"
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2026-81928

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-02 00:18 - Updated: 2026-09-02 00:18

Severity

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e	https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8945#section-5.2
	9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e	https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L245-262
	9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e	https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L62-73
	9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e	https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.57/changes
	9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e	https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=181125

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://cpan.org/modules",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "Net::DNS"
          ],
          "packageName": "Net-DNS",
          "packageURL": "pkg:cpan/Net-DNS",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "Net::DNS::RR::TSIG::sig_data"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://www.net-dns.org/svn/net-dns/",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.57",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record.\n\nsig_data signs a message by re-encoding it, and removes TSIG records only from the additional section. A TSIG decoded into the answer or authority section survives that step and is signed again, so encoding re-enters sig_data with no termination condition. Decoding does not reject such a message: a TSIG that is not the last record on the wire raises \"misplaced or corrupt TSIG\", but the error is caught, reported as a warning, and the record is left in the packet. RFC 8945 section 5.2 requires the message to be dropped.\n\nThe recursion is reached only when the decoded TSIG carries an empty MAC, since a MAC recovered from the wire short-circuits the signing step. It is reached only from code that re-encodes a message it decoded, such as a forwarder or a proxy. A decoded message that is never re-encoded is unaffected. Message direction does not matter: a query reaches the same path as a response.\n\nEach cycle re-encodes the whole message, so fewer than 100 bytes on the wire exhaust available memory and terminate the process."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-81928",
  "lastModified": "2026-09-02T00:18:26.147",
  "metrics": {},
  "published": "2026-09-02T00:18:26.147",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
      "url": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8945#section-5.2"
    },
    {
      "source": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L245-262"
    },
    {
      "source": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L62-73"
    },
    {
      "source": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.57/changes"
    },
    {
      "source": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
      "url": "https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=181125"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-674"
        }
      ],
      "source": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-X88W-XX7M-3M5F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-02 00:31 – Updated: 2026-09-02 00:31

Details

Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record.

sig_data signs a message by re-encoding it, and removes TSIG records only from the additional section. A TSIG decoded into the answer or authority section survives that step and is signed again, so encoding re-enters sig_data with no termination condition. Decoding does not reject such a message: a TSIG that is not the last record on the wire raises "misplaced or corrupt TSIG", but the error is caught, reported as a warning, and the record is left in the packet. RFC 8945 section 5.2 requires the message to be dropped.

The recursion is reached only when the decoded TSIG carries an empty MAC, since a MAC recovered from the wire short-circuits the signing step. It is reached only from code that re-encodes a message it decoded, such as a forwarder or a proxy. A decoded message that is never re-encoded is unaffected. Message direction does not matter: a query reaches the same path as a response.

Each cycle re-encodes the whole message, so fewer than 100 bytes on the wire exhaust available memory and terminate the process.

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-81928"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-674"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-02T00:18:26Z",
    "severity": null
  },
  "details": "Net::DNS versions before 1.57 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in sig_data when re-encoding a message with a misplaced TSIG record.\n\nsig_data signs a message by re-encoding it, and removes TSIG records only from the additional section. A TSIG decoded into the answer or authority section survives that step and is signed again, so encoding re-enters sig_data with no termination condition. Decoding does not reject such a message: a TSIG that is not the last record on the wire raises \"misplaced or corrupt TSIG\", but the error is caught, reported as a warning, and the record is left in the packet. RFC 8945 section 5.2 requires the message to be dropped.\n\nThe recursion is reached only when the decoded TSIG carries an empty MAC, since a MAC recovered from the wire short-circuits the signing step. It is reached only from code that re-encodes a message it decoded, such as a forwarder or a proxy. A decoded message that is never re-encoded is unaffected. Message direction does not matter: a query reaches the same path as a response.\n\nEach cycle re-encodes the whole message, so fewer than 100 bytes on the wire exhaust available memory and terminate the process.",
  "id": "GHSA-x88w-xx7m-3m5f",
  "modified": "2026-09-02T00:31:31Z",
  "published": "2026-09-02T00:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81928"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8945#section-5.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L245-262"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.56/source/lib/Net/DNS/RR/TSIG.pm#L62-73"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NLNETLABS/Net-DNS-1.57/changes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=181125"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-81928 (GCVE-0-2026-81928)

FKIE_CVE-2026-81928

GHSA-X88W-XX7M-3M5F

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature