CVE-2025-40124 (GCVE-0-2025-40124)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 10:23 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:07
VLAI
Title
sparc: fix accurate exception reporting in copy_{from_to}_user for UltraSPARC III
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sparc: fix accurate exception reporting in copy_{from_to}_user for UltraSPARC III Anthony Yznaga tracked down that a BUG_ON in ext4 code with large folios enabled resulted from copy_from_user() returning impossibly large values greater than the size to be copied. This lead to __copy_from_iter() returning impossible values instead of the actual number of bytes it was able to copy. The BUG_ON has been reported in https://lore.kernel.org/r/b14f55642207e63e907965e209f6323a0df6dcee.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de The referenced commit introduced exception handlers on user-space memory references in copy_from_user and copy_to_user. These handlers return from the respective function and calculate the remaining bytes left to copy using the current register contents. The exception handlers expect that %o2 has already been masked during the bulk copy loop, but the masking was performed after that loop. This will fix the return value of copy_from_user and copy_to_user in the faulting case. The behaviour of memcpy stays unchanged.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < fdd43fe6d286f27b826572457a89c926f97e2d3a (git)
Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < 1198077606aeffb102587c6ea079ce99641c99d4 (git)
Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < 1857cdca12c4aff58bf26a7005a4d02850c29927 (git)
Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < 91eda032eb16e5d2be27c95584665bc555bb5a90 (git)
Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < dc766c4830a7e1e1ee9d7f77d4ab344f2eb23c8e (git)
Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < 5ef9c94d7110e90260c06868cf1dcf899b9f25ee (git)
Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < e50377c6b3f278c9f3ef017ffce17f5fcc9dace4 (git)
Affected: ee841d0aff649164080e445e84885015958d8ff4 , < 47b49c06eb62504075f0f2e2227aee2e2c2a58b3 (git)
Affected: 1c7e17b1c4d60cc5aa575460f7efb73686dd3b39 (git)
Affected: ac663c54f40b2830b1ca32d1ae9d683fe248b14c (git)
Affected: 4.4.34 , < 4.5 (semver)
Affected: 4.8.10 , < 4.9 (semver)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.9
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.301 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.246 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.195 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.156 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.112 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.53 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17.3 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsparc: fix accurate exception reporting in copy_{from_to}_user for UltraSPARC III\n\nAnthony Yznaga tracked down that a BUG_ON in ext4 code with large folios\nenabled resulted from copy_from_user() returning impossibly large values\ngreater than the size to be copied. This lead to __copy_from_iter()\nreturning impossible values instead of the actual number of bytes it was\nable to copy.\n\nThe BUG_ON has been reported in\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/r/b14f55642207e63e907965e209f6323a0df6dcee.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de\n\nThe referenced commit introduced exception handlers on user-space memory\nreferences in copy_from_user and copy_to_user. These handlers return from\nthe respective function and calculate the remaining bytes left to copy\nusing the current register contents. The exception handlers expect that\n%o2 has already been masked during the bulk copy loop, but the masking was\nperformed after that loop. This will fix the return value of copy_from_user\nand copy_to_user in the faulting case. The behaviour of memcpy stays\nunchanged."
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              "value": "AV:L - The fault must occur inside a `copy_{from,to}_user()` on a buffer in the attacker\u0027s own address space, which requires local `mmap`/`munmap`/`mprotect` control plus a local syscall entry (write(2), ioctl(2), etc.). No remote peer can cause a user-copy fault at a chosen offset.\nAC:L - Every precondition is deterministic and attacker-chosen: length \u2265 192 selects the VIS block-copy path, dst/src alignment is controllable, and the fault offset is placed exactly by unmapping or PROT_NONE-ing a page of the source buffer. There is no race and no dependence on unpredictable memory layout.\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user can trigger this with ordinary `write(2)`/`read(2)`/`ioctl(2)` plus `mmap`/`munmap`; no capability, namespace trick, or privileged device access is required.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs the entire sequence itself \u2014 mapping the partially-valid buffer and issuing the syscall. No victim action is involved.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel memory managed by the same kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The over-reported count underflows `iterate_iovec()`/`iterate_ubuf()` accounting, causing the iterator to walk past the end of the kernel iovec array and treat arbitrary kernel memory as iovec descriptors, and the resulting heap corruption primitive can be leveraged for kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `_inline_copy_from_user()`\u0027s tail `memset(to + (n - res), 0, res)` with `res \u003e n` wraps the pointer and zeroes up to ~n bytes of kernel heap memory *before* the destination buffer \u2014 an attacker-sized out-of-bounds write (4 KB underflow for a 4 KB copy) into adjacent slab objects, a well-known privilege-escalation primitive.\nA:H - The bug was reported as a hard `BUG_ON` panic in ext4\u0027s large-folio write path, and the `size_t` underflow of `iter-\u003ecount`/`len` also drives runaway iteration loops \u2014 both are full kernel denial of service."
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        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40124",
    "datePublished": "2025-11-12T10:23:19.861Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.169Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:07:57.197Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "date": "2026-08-22",
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This lead to __copy_from_iter()\\nreturning impossible values instead of the actual number of bytes it was\\nable to copy.\\n\\nThe BUG_ON has been reported in\\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/r/b14f55642207e63e907965e209f6323a0df6dcee.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de\\n\\nThe referenced commit introduced exception handlers on user-space memory\\nreferences in copy_from_user and copy_to_user. These handlers return from\\nthe respective function and calculate the remaining bytes left to copy\\nusing the current register contents. The exception handlers expect that\\n%o2 has already been masked during the bulk copy loop, but the masking was\\nperformed after that loop. This will fix the return value of copy_from_user\\nand copy_to_user in the faulting case. The behaviour of memcpy 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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:15:28+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40124",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40124",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-11-12T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: sparc: fix accurate exception reporting in copy_{from_to}_user for UltraSPARC III",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40124.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-25T00:35:02Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40124",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40124",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-11-13T00:24:20Z",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "437",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-40124",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-40124.json",
      "version": "15"
    }
  }
}



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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.