GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2018-12697 (GCVE-0-2018-12697)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-06-23 22:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 08:45
VLAI
Summary
A NULL pointer dereference (aka SEGV on unknown address 0x000000000000) was discovered in work_stuff_copy_to_from in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30. This can occur during execution of objdump.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CWE
  • n/a
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutil… x_refsource_MISC
https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057 x_refsource_MISC
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538 vdb-entryx_refsource_BID
https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454 x_refsource_MISC
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_GENTOO
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_UBUNTU
https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_UBUNTU
Date Public
2018-06-23 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T08:45:01.167Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057"
          },
          {
            "name": "104538",
            "tags": [
              "vdb-entry",
              "x_refsource_BID",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454"
          },
          {
            "name": "GLSA-201908-01",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_GENTOO",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01"
          },
          {
            "name": "RHSA-2019:2075",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_REDHAT",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075"
          },
          {
            "name": "USN-4326-1",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_UBUNTU",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/"
          },
          {
            "name": "USN-4336-1",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_UBUNTU",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2018-06-23T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A NULL pointer dereference (aka SEGV on unknown address 0x000000000000) was discovered in work_stuff_copy_to_from in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30. This can occur during execution of objdump."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2020-04-29T02:06:33.000Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057"
        },
        {
          "name": "104538",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "x_refsource_BID"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454"
        },
        {
          "name": "GLSA-201908-01",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_GENTOO"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01"
        },
        {
          "name": "RHSA-2019:2075",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_REDHAT"
          ],
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075"
        },
        {
          "name": "USN-4326-1",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_UBUNTU"
          ],
          "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/"
        },
        {
          "name": "USN-4336-1",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_UBUNTU"
          ],
          "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/"
        }
      ],
      "x_legacyV4Record": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
          "ID": "CVE-2018-12697",
          "STATE": "PUBLIC"
        },
        "affects": {
          "vendor": {
            "vendor_data": [
              {
                "product": {
                  "product_data": [
                    {
                      "product_name": "n/a",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_value": "n/a"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "n/a"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "A NULL pointer dereference (aka SEGV on unknown address 0x000000000000) was discovered in work_stuff_copy_to_from in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30. This can occur during execution of objdump."
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "n/a"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057"
            },
            {
              "name": "104538",
              "refsource": "BID",
              "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454"
            },
            {
              "name": "GLSA-201908-01",
              "refsource": "GENTOO",
              "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01"
            },
            {
              "name": "RHSA-2019:2075",
              "refsource": "REDHAT",
              "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075"
            },
            {
              "name": "USN-4326-1",
              "refsource": "UBUNTU",
              "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/"
            },
            {
              "name": "USN-4336-1",
              "refsource": "UBUNTU",
              "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2018-12697",
    "datePublished": "2018-06-23T22:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2018-06-23T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T08:45:01.167Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2018-12697",
      "date": "2026-09-16",
      "epss": "0.05002",
      "percentile": "0.91796"
    },
    "fkie_nvd": {
      "configurations": "[{\"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:gnu:binutils:2.30:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"1A3A002B-702A-4599-96AF-1295A7B4F5BA\"}]}]}, {\"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"C28D7E4B-FB96-4B9E-915C-3DC43DE602E9\"}]}]}]",
      "descriptions": "[{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"A NULL pointer dereference (aka SEGV on unknown address 0x000000000000) was discovered in work_stuff_copy_to_from in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30. This can occur during execution of objdump.\"}, {\"lang\": \"es\", \"value\": \"Se ha descubierto una desreferencia de puntero NULL (tambi\\u00e9n conocida como SEGV o direcci\\u00f3n desconocida 0x000000000000) en work_stuff_copy_to_from en cplus-dem.c en GNU libiberty, tal y como se distribuye en aGNU Binutils 2.30. Esto puede ocurrir durante la ejecuci\\u00f3n de objdump.\"}]",
      "id": "CVE-2018-12697",
      "lastModified": "2024-11-21T03:45:41.770",
      "metrics": "{\"cvssMetricV30\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.0\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 7.5, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 3.6}], \"cvssMetricV2\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"2.0\", \"vectorString\": \"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P\", \"baseScore\": 5.0, \"accessVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"accessComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"authentication\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"PARTIAL\"}, \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"exploitabilityScore\": 10.0, \"impactScore\": 2.9, \"acInsufInfo\": false, \"obtainAllPrivilege\": false, \"obtainUserPrivilege\": false, \"obtainOtherPrivilege\": false, \"userInteractionRequired\": false}]}",
      "published": "2018-06-23T23:29:00.220",
      "references": "[{\"url\": \"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\", \"tags\": [\"Third Party Advisory\", \"VDB Entry\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\"}, {\"url\": \"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Issue Tracking\", \"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\"}, {\"url\": \"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Issue Tracking\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\"}, {\"url\": \"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/\", \"source\": \"cve@mitre.org\"}, {\"url\": \"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Third Party Advisory\", \"VDB Entry\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}, {\"url\": \"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Issue Tracking\", \"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}, {\"url\": \"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Issue Tracking\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}, {\"url\": \"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}]",
      "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
      "vulnStatus": "Modified",
      "weaknesses": "[{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-476\"}]}]"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2018-12697\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"published\":\"2018-06-23T23:29:00.220\",\"lastModified\":\"2024-11-21T03:45:41.770\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"A NULL pointer dereference (aka SEGV on unknown address 0x000000000000) was discovered in work_stuff_copy_to_from in cplus-dem.c in GNU libiberty, as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30. This can occur during execution of objdump.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Se ha descubierto una desreferencia de puntero NULL (tambi\u00e9n conocida como SEGV o direcci\u00f3n desconocida 0x000000000000) en work_stuff_copy_to_from en cplus-dem.c en GNU libiberty, tal y como se distribuye en aGNU Binutils 2.30. Esto puede ocurrir durante la ejecuci\u00f3n de objdump.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV30\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":3.6}],\"cvssMetricV2\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"2.0\",\"vectorString\":\"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P\",\"baseScore\":5.0,\"accessVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"accessComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"authentication\":\"NONE\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"PARTIAL\"},\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"exploitabilityScore\":10.0,\"impactScore\":2.9,\"acInsufInfo\":false,\"obtainAllPrivilege\":false,\"obtainUserPrivilege\":false,\"obtainOtherPrivilege\":false,\"userInteractionRequired\":false}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-476\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:gnu:binutils:2.30:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"1A3A002B-702A-4599-96AF-1295A7B4F5BA\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"C28D7E4B-FB96-4B9E-915C-3DC43DE602E9\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\",\"VDB Entry\"]},{\"url\":\"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\"},{\"url\":\"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Issue Tracking\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\"},{\"url\":\"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Issue Tracking\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\"},{\"url\":\"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104538\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\",\"VDB Entry\"]},{\"url\":\"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2075\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/binutils/+bug/1763102\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=85454\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Issue Tracking\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-01\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23057\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Issue Tracking\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4326-1/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://usn.ubuntu.com/4336-1/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2025-11-21T13:53:26+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2018-12697",
      "id": "CVE-2018-12697",
      "initial_release_date": "2018-04-11T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "117",
      "product_status:known_affected": "11",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "binutils: NULL pointer dereference in work_stuff_copy_to_from in cplus-dem.c.",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2018/cve-2018-12697.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-27T01:18:51Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2018-12697",
      "id": "CVE-2018-12697",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-02-15T04:26:19Z",
      "product_status:recommended": "2",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2018-12697",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2018-12697.json",
      "version": "11"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.