Search
Find a vulnerability
Search criteria
ⓘ
Use this form to refine search results.
Full-text search supports keyword queries with ranking and filtering.
You can combine vendor, product, and sources to narrow results.
Enable “Apply ordering” to sort by date instead of relevance.
4 vulnerabilities found for org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 by thymeleaf
CVE-2026-40478 (GCVE-0-2026-40478)
Vulnerability from nvd – Published: 2026-04-17 21:57 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40478 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459349 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
10 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-40478",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-21T00:00:00+00:00",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T03:55:42.682Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Fuse 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Single Sign-On 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A flaw was found in Thymeleaf, a server-side Java template engine. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by providing unvalidated user input to the template engine. This bypasses existing security mechanisms, allowing for the execution of unauthorized expressions and leading to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
"value": "Important"
},
"type": "Red Hat severity rating"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.697Z",
"orgId": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
"shortName": "redhat-SADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40478"
},
{
"name": "RHBZ#2459349",
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459349"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_sadp-csaf-vex"
],
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40478.json"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "RHSA-2026:21772: Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T23:01:08.580Z",
"value": "Reported to Red Hat."
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"value": "Made public."
}
],
"title": "thymeleaf: Thymeleaf: Server-Side Template Injection via expression execution bypass",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The vulnerability arises when unvalidated user input is directly passed to the Thymeleaf template engine. To mitigate this, application developers should implement robust input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied data before it is processed by the Thymeleaf template engine. This ensures that malicious expressions cannot be executed."
}
],
"x_adpType": "supplier",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "sadp-cli 1.0.0"
}
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "thymeleaf",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library\u0027s protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.1,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1336",
"description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-xjw8-8c5c-9r79",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-xjw8-8c5c-9r79"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-xjw8-8c5c-9r79",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-40478",
"datePublished": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-13T19:50:42.113Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.697Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-40477 (GCVE-0-2026-40477)
Vulnerability from nvd – Published: 2026-04-17 21:53 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40477 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459344 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
10 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-40477",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-21T00:00:00+00:00",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T03:55:41.093Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Fuse 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Single Sign-On 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A flaw was found in Thymeleaf, a server-side Java template engine. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. By providing unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, the attacker can bypass the library\u0027s protections, leading to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This allows access to potentially sensitive objects from within a template."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
"value": "Important"
},
"type": "Red Hat severity rating"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.982Z",
"orgId": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
"shortName": "redhat-SADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40477"
},
{
"name": "RHBZ#2459344",
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459344"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_sadp-csaf-vex"
],
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40477.json"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "RHSA-2026:21772: Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T23:00:52.793Z",
"value": "Reported to Red Hat."
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"value": "Made public."
}
],
"title": "thymeleaf: Thymeleaf: Server-Side Template Injection via security bypass in expression execution",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability."
}
],
"x_adpType": "supplier",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "sadp-cli 1.0.0"
}
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "thymeleaf",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library\u0027s protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.1,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1336",
"description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-r4v4-5mwr-2fwr",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-r4v4-5mwr-2fwr"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-r4v4-5mwr-2fwr",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-40477",
"datePublished": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-13T19:50:42.113Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.982Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-40478 (GCVE-0-2026-40478)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 21:57 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40478 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459349 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
10 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-40478",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-21T00:00:00+00:00",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T03:55:42.682Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Fuse 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Single Sign-On 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A flaw was found in Thymeleaf, a server-side Java template engine. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by providing unvalidated user input to the template engine. This bypasses existing security mechanisms, allowing for the execution of unauthorized expressions and leading to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
"value": "Important"
},
"type": "Red Hat severity rating"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.697Z",
"orgId": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
"shortName": "redhat-SADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40478"
},
{
"name": "RHBZ#2459349",
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459349"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_sadp-csaf-vex"
],
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40478.json"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "RHSA-2026:21772: Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T23:01:08.580Z",
"value": "Reported to Red Hat."
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"value": "Made public."
}
],
"title": "thymeleaf: Thymeleaf: Server-Side Template Injection via expression execution bypass",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The vulnerability arises when unvalidated user input is directly passed to the Thymeleaf template engine. To mitigate this, application developers should implement robust input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied data before it is processed by the Thymeleaf template engine. This ensures that malicious expressions cannot be executed."
}
],
"x_adpType": "supplier",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "sadp-cli 1.0.0"
}
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "thymeleaf",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library\u0027s protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.1,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1336",
"description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-xjw8-8c5c-9r79",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-xjw8-8c5c-9r79"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-xjw8-8c5c-9r79",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-40478",
"datePublished": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-13T19:50:42.113Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.697Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-40477 (GCVE-0-2026-40477)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 21:53 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40477 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459344 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
10 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-40477",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-21T00:00:00+00:00",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T03:55:41.093Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Fuse 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Red Hat Single Sign-On 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
},
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack",
"vendor": "Red Hat"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A flaw was found in Thymeleaf, a server-side Java template engine. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. By providing unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, the attacker can bypass the library\u0027s protections, leading to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This allows access to potentially sensitive objects from within a template."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
"value": "Important"
},
"type": "Red Hat severity rating"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.982Z",
"orgId": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
"shortName": "redhat-SADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40477"
},
{
"name": "RHBZ#2459344",
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459344"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_sadp-csaf-vex"
],
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40477.json"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "RHSA-2026:21772: Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T23:00:52.793Z",
"value": "Reported to Red Hat."
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"value": "Made public."
}
],
"title": "thymeleaf: Thymeleaf: Server-Side Template Injection via security bypass in expression execution",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability."
}
],
"x_adpType": "supplier",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "sadp-cli 1.0.0"
}
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "thymeleaf",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
},
{
"product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6",
"vendor": "thymeleaf",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.1.4.RELEASE"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library\u0027s protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.1,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-917",
"description": "CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement (\u0027Expression Language Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1336",
"description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-r4v4-5mwr-2fwr",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/advisories/GHSA-r4v4-5mwr-2fwr"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-r4v4-5mwr-2fwr",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-40477",
"datePublished": "2026-04-17T21:53:47.271Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-13T19:50:42.113Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:55.982Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}