Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15136 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2QWM-44G6-G67Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-09 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:54
VLAI
Details
In modem control device, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-48381"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-09T02:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In modem control device, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-2qwm-44g6-g67q",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:54:45Z",
"published": "2023-05-09T03:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1654776866982133761"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2QWW-CM69-C4W4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-23 00:03
VLAI
Details
Irzip v0.640 was discovered to contain a heap memory corruption via the component lrzip.c:initialise_control.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28044"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-15T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Irzip v0.640 was discovered to contain a heap memory corruption via the component lrzip.c:initialise_control.",
"id": "GHSA-2qww-cm69-c4w4",
"modified": "2022-04-23T00:03:21Z",
"published": "2022-04-16T00:00:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28044"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ckolivas/lrzip/issues/216"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ckolivas/lrzip/commit/5faf80cd53ecfd16b636d653483144cd12004f46"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/05/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5145"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2QX5-VC8M-FP4Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 21:32 – Updated: 2026-06-09 21:32
VLAI
Details
Acrobat Reader versions 24.001.30365, 26.001.21651 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-47911"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T21:17:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Acrobat Reader versions 24.001.30365, 26.001.21651 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-2qx5-vc8m-fp4q",
"modified": "2026-06-09T21:32:38Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T21:32:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb26-63.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2QXR-5PF2-3P3H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-28 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-06 00:01
VLAI
Details
IBM Security Identity Manager (IBM Security Verify Password Synchronization Plug-in for Windows AD 10.x) is vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by a heap-based buffer overflow in the Password Synch Plug-in. An authenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause a denial of service. IBM X-Force ID: 217369.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22312"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-27T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Security Identity Manager (IBM Security Verify Password Synchronization Plug-in for Windows AD 10.x) is vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by a heap-based buffer overflow in the Password Synch Plug-in. An authenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause a denial of service. IBM X-Force ID: 217369.",
"id": "GHSA-2qxr-5pf2-3p3h",
"modified": "2022-05-06T00:01:07Z",
"published": "2022-04-28T00:00:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/217369"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6574671"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2QXX-WJXW-FG87
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-05-14 18:30
VLAI
Details
An attacker who successfully exploited these vulnerabilities could cause the robot to stop, make the robot controller inaccessible, or execute arbitrary code.
The vulnerability could potentially be exploited to perform unauthorized actions by an attacker. This vulnerability arises under specific condition when specially crafted message is processed by the system.
Below are reported vulnerabilities in the Robot Ware versions.
- IRC5- RobotWare 6 < 6.15.06 except 6.10.10, and 6.13.07
- OmniCore- RobotWare 7 < 7.14
Severity
7.6 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-1913"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T16:16:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\nAn attacker who successfully exploited these vulnerabilities could cause the robot to stop, make the robot controller inaccessible, or execute arbitrary code.\u00a0\n\nThe vulnerability could potentially be exploited to perform unauthorized actions by an attacker. This vulnerability arises under specific condition when specially crafted message is processed by the system.\n\nBelow are\u00a0reported vulnerabilities in the Robot Ware versions.\n\n * IRC5- RobotWare 6 \u003c 6.15.06 except 6.10.10, and 6.13.07 \n * OmniCore- RobotWare 7 \u003c 7.14\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-2qxx-wjxw-fg87",
"modified": "2024-05-14T18:30:58Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1913"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=SI20330\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2R2F-G8MW-9GVR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:14 – Updated: 2022-06-06 18:15
VLAI
Summary
Segfault and OOB write due to incomplete validation in `EditDistance` in TensorFlow
Details
Impact
The implementation of tf.raw_ops.EditDistance has incomplete validation. Users can pass negative values to cause a segmentation fault based denial of service:
import tensorflow as tf
hypothesis_indices = tf.constant(-1250999896764, shape=[3, 3], dtype=tf.int64)
hypothesis_values = tf.constant(0, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64)
hypothesis_shape = tf.constant(0, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64)
truth_indices = tf.constant(-1250999896764, shape=[3, 3], dtype=tf.int64)
truth_values = tf.constant(2, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64)
truth_shape = tf.constant(2, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64)
tf.raw_ops.EditDistance(
hypothesis_indices=hypothesis_indices,
hypothesis_values=hypothesis_values,
hypothesis_shape=hypothesis_shape,
truth_indices=truth_indices,
truth_values=truth_values,
truth_shape=truth_shape)
In multiple places throughout the code, we are computing an index for a write operation:
if (g_truth == g_hypothesis) {
auto loc = std::inner_product(g_truth.begin(), g_truth.end(),
output_strides.begin(), int64_t{0});
OP_REQUIRES(
ctx, loc < output_elements,
errors::Internal("Got an inner product ", loc,
" which would require in writing to outside of "
"the buffer for the output tensor (max elements ",
output_elements, ")"));
output_t(loc) =
gtl::LevenshteinDistance<T>(truth_seq, hypothesis_seq, cmp);
// ...
}
However, the existing validation only checks against the upper bound of the array. Hence, it is possible to write before the array by massaging the input to generate negative values for loc.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 30721cf564cb029d34535446d6a5a6357bebc8e7.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.9.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.8.1, TensorFlow 2.7.2, and TensorFlow 2.6.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by Neophytos Christou from Secure Systems Lab at Brown University.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.6.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.6.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.6.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29208"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-05-24T22:14:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-20T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe implementation of [`tf.raw_ops.EditDistance`]() has incomplete validation. Users can pass negative values to cause a segmentation fault based denial of service:\n\n```python\nimport tensorflow as tf\n\nhypothesis_indices = tf.constant(-1250999896764, shape=[3, 3], dtype=tf.int64) \nhypothesis_values = tf.constant(0, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64)\nhypothesis_shape = tf.constant(0, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64)\n\ntruth_indices = tf.constant(-1250999896764, shape=[3, 3], dtype=tf.int64)\ntruth_values = tf.constant(2, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64)\ntruth_shape = tf.constant(2, shape=[3], dtype=tf.int64) \n\ntf.raw_ops.EditDistance(\n hypothesis_indices=hypothesis_indices,\n hypothesis_values=hypothesis_values,\n hypothesis_shape=hypothesis_shape,\n truth_indices=truth_indices,\n truth_values=truth_values,\n truth_shape=truth_shape)\n```\n\nIn multiple places throughout the code, we are computing an index for a write operation:\n\n```cc\nif (g_truth == g_hypothesis) {\n auto loc = std::inner_product(g_truth.begin(), g_truth.end(),\n output_strides.begin(), int64_t{0});\n OP_REQUIRES(\n ctx, loc \u003c output_elements,\n errors::Internal(\"Got an inner product \", loc,\n \" which would require in writing to outside of \"\n \"the buffer for the output tensor (max elements \",\n output_elements, \")\"));\n output_t(loc) =\n gtl::LevenshteinDistance\u003cT\u003e(truth_seq, hypothesis_seq, cmp);\n // ...\n}\n```\n\nHowever, the existing validation only checks against the upper bound of the array. Hence, it is possible to write before the array by massaging the input to generate negative values for `loc`.\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [30721cf564cb029d34535446d6a5a6357bebc8e7](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/30721cf564cb029d34535446d6a5a6357bebc8e7).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.9.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.8.1, TensorFlow 2.7.2, and TensorFlow 2.6.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n### Attribution\nThis vulnerability has been reported by Neophytos Christou from Secure Systems Lab at Brown University.",
"id": "GHSA-2r2f-g8mw-9gvr",
"modified": "2022-06-06T18:15:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:14:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-2r2f-g8mw-9gvr"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/30721cf564cb029d34535446d6a5a6357bebc8e7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/releases/tag/v2.6.4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/releases/tag/v2.7.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/releases/tag/v2.8.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/releases/tag/v2.9.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Segfault and OOB write due to incomplete validation in `EditDistance` in TensorFlow"
}
GHSA-2R2G-GH96-83GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-02 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-02 18:31
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV042, RV042G, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, Administrator-level, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need to have valid Administrator credentials on the affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as the root user.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20520"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-02T17:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV042, RV042G, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, Administrator-level, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need to have valid Administrator credentials on the affected device.\n\u0026nbsp;\nThis vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as the root user.",
"id": "GHSA-2r2g-gh96-83gx",
"modified": "2024-10-02T18:31:33Z",
"published": "2024-10-02T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20520"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sb-rv04x_rv32x_vulns-yJ2OSDhV"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2R2M-Q8H6-56HW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:20 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:44
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on Jungo WinDriver 12.4.0 and earlier. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the processing of IOCTL 0x953824a7 by the windrvr1240 kernel driver. The issue lies in the failure to properly validate user-supplied data which can result in an out-of-bounds write condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code under the context of kernel.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14075"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-11T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on Jungo WinDriver 12.4.0 and earlier. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the processing of IOCTL 0x953824a7 by the windrvr1240 kernel driver. The issue lies in the failure to properly validate user-supplied data which can result in an out-of-bounds write condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code under the context of kernel.",
"id": "GHSA-2r2m-q8h6-56hw",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:44:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:20:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14075"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/42625"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/144045/Jungo-DriverWizard-WinDrive-OOB-Write-Privilege-Escalation.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2R2R-3M5M-6F5F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 00:00
VLAI
Details
Multiple improper input validation vulnerabilities exists in the libnvram.so nvram_import functionality of InHand Networks InRouter302 V3.5.4. A specially-crafted file can lead to remote code execution. An attacker can send a sequence of requests to trigger this vulnerability.An improper input validation vulnerability exists in the httpd's user_define_set_item function. Controlling the user_define_timeout nvram variable can lead to remote code execution.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26782"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-12T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple improper input validation vulnerabilities exists in the libnvram.so nvram_import functionality of InHand Networks InRouter302 V3.5.4. A specially-crafted file can lead to remote code execution. An attacker can send a sequence of requests to trigger this vulnerability.An improper input validation vulnerability exists in the `httpd`\u0027s `user_define_set_item` function. Controlling the `user_define_timeout` nvram variable can lead to remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-2r2r-3m5m-6f5f",
"modified": "2022-05-24T00:00:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T00:00:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1481"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.inhandnetworks.com/upload/attachment/202205/10/InHand-PSA-2022-01.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2R2X-QVVF-3RJR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-22 00:00
VLAI
Details
Two heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the TIFF parser functionality of Accusoft ImageGear 19.10. A specially-crafted file can lead to a heap buffer overflow. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities. Placeholder
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21944"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-14T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Two heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the TIFF parser functionality of Accusoft ImageGear 19.10. A specially-crafted file can lead to a heap buffer overflow. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities. Placeholder",
"id": "GHSA-2r2x-qvvf-3rjr",
"modified": "2022-04-22T00:00:51Z",
"published": "2022-04-15T00:00:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2021-1374"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.