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CWE-367
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
CVE-2026-4878 (GCVE-0-2026-4878)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 14:49 – Updated: 2026-06-25 18:59
VLAI
Title
Libcap: libcap: privilege escalation via toctou race condition in cap_set_file()
Summary
A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
33 references
Impacted products
36 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:2.69-7.el10_1.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:2.69-7.el10_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.69-7.el10_0.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-6.el8_10.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-4.el8_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-4.el8_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-5.el8_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-5.el8_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-10.el9_7.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-10.el9_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-9.el9_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::appstream cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-9.el9_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.48-9.el9_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 |
Unaffected:
413.92.202606160406-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 |
Unaffected:
415.92.202606030318-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 |
Unaffected:
416.94.202606051757-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 |
Unaffected:
418.94.202606051320-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 |
Unaffected:
4.19.9.6.202606031700-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cost Management 4 |
Unaffected:
1780946239 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cost_management:4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 |
Unaffected:
1780681984 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1782352950 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Discovery 2 |
Unaffected:
1778101579 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Discovery 2 |
Unaffected:
1778156756 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Discovery 2 |
Unaffected:
1782159791 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Discovery 2 |
Unaffected:
1782166952 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
2.78-1.1.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5 |
Unaffected:
1780420428 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:insights_proxy:1.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.3 |
Unaffected:
1778056267 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_distributed_tracing:3.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.3 |
Unaffected:
1778056233 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_distributed_tracing:3.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.3 |
Unaffected:
1778056245 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_distributed_tracing:3.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 |
Unaffected:
1779798159 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 |
Unaffected:
1779798164 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 |
Unaffected:
1779798165 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 |
Unaffected:
1779798222 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
Date Public
2026-04-06 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-48931 (GCVE-0-2026-48931)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 18:59 – Updated: 2026-06-23 14:16
VLAI
Summary
A flaw in Node.js HTTP Agent can cause a client to accept as valid a response that is send before the client has sent the request.
This vulnerability affects all supported release lines: **Node.js 22**, **Node.js 24**, and **Node.js 26**.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-48983 (GCVE-0-2026-48983)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 19:07 – Updated: 2026-06-22 12:41
VLAI
Title
pam_usb: TOCTOU race condition in pad directory creation allows symlink substitution
Summary
pam_usb provides hardware authentication for Linux using ordinary removable media. In versions prior to 0.9.2, a symlink race condition exists in per-device and per-user pad directory creation. pam_usb uses a check-then-act pattern: it calls lstat() to test for existence and then calls mkdir() separately to create the directory. A local attacker can win the race between these calls by replacing the target path with a symlink to a directory they control. If successful, one-time pad files may be written to an attacker-controlled location, potentially exposing future pad values before use or disrupting authentication. This issue has been fixed in version 0.9.2.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
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|---|---|
| https://github.com/mcdope/pam_usb/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mcdope/pam_usb/releases/tag/0.9.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-49958 (GCVE-0-2026-49958)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 16:35 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:16 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Hermes WebUI < 0.51.303 TOCTOU Race Condition via git_discard
Summary
Hermes WebUI before version 0.51.303 contains a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability in the git_discard function within api/workspace_git.py that allows attackers to delete files outside the configured workspace boundary by replacing a validated path component with a symlink after validation but before deletion. Attackers can substitute a workspace-controlled path component with a symlink pointing to an external directory between the safe_resolve_ws() validation step and the subsequent Path.unlink() or shutil.rmtree() deletion call, causing the delete operation to follow the symlink and remove arbitrary files outside the workspace.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nesquena/hermes-webui/releases… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/nesquena/hermes-webui/pull/3702 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/nesquena/hermes-webui/pull/3756 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/nesquena/hermes-webui/commit/4… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/hermes-webui… | third-party-advisory |
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1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nesquena | hermes-webui |
Affected:
0 , < 0.51.303
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Date Public
2026-06-06 00:00
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CVE-2026-50631 (GCVE-0-2026-50631)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 08:59 – Updated: 2026-06-12 14:04
VLAI
Title
Apache CXF: OAuth2: TOCTOU Race Condition in Refresh Token Processing
Summary
A race condition in AbstractOAuthDataProvider allows concurrent requests using the same Refresh Token to bypass single-use semantics and generate multiple valid Access Tokens, when 'recycleRefreshTokens' is set to false. A leaked refresh token can be replayed concurrently by multiple attackers or threads. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.2 or 4.1.7, which fixes this issue.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache CXF |
Affected:
4.2.0 , < 4.2.2
(semver)
Affected: 0 , < 4.1.7 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-53806 (GCVE-0-2026-53806)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-11 20:05 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:16 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw < 2026.5.12 - Shell Option Parsing Bypass in Exec Revalidation
Summary
OpenClaw before 2026.5.12 contains a shell option parsing vulnerability that allows combined POSIX shell flags to bypass exec revalidation checks. Attackers can exploit this by using combined shell options to execute inline shell content without intended allowlist validation, potentially enabling unauthorized command execution when the affected feature is enabled.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-she… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-28 00:00
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CVE-2026-53822 (GCVE-0-2026-53822)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 21:56 – Updated: 2026-06-15 18:26 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw < 2026.5.18 - Command Argument Modification via Shell Wrapper Between Approval and Execution
Summary
OpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains a command injection vulnerability where shell wrapper argv could change between approval and execution. Attackers can rebuild command arguments after allowlist approval to execute unapproved command shapes, potentially bypassing security controls.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-com… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-28 00:00
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CVE-2026-53831 (GCVE-0-2026-53831)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 21:56 – Updated: 2026-06-15 12:54 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw < 2026.5.18 - Arbitrary File Read via Shell Expansion in system.run Safe-bin Allowlist
Summary
OpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains a policy enforcement vulnerability in system.run safe-bin allowlist validation that allows shell expansion to modify command interpretation on POSIX nodes. Authenticated operators can exploit shell metacharacters in approved commands to read unintended node-local files and expose sensitive configuration data.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
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Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-28 00:00
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CVE-2026-53838 (GCVE-0-2026-53838)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 21:57 – Updated: 2026-06-15 21:41 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw < 2026.5.27 - Node Pairing State Mutation via Reconnection
Summary
OpenClaw before 2026.5.27 contains a state mutation vulnerability in node pairing reconnection that allows paired nodes to confuse approval scope decisions. Attackers can exploit reconnection logic to restore or present broader node authority than intended, potentially bypassing approval restrictions.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-nod… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-28 00:00
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CVE-2026-53945 (GCVE-0-2026-53945)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 18:09 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:38
VLAI
Title
Ghost: Server-side request forgery via DNS rebinding in external request handling
Summary
Ghost is a Node.js content management system. From 6.0.9 until 6.21.1, Ghost’s private-IP check for outbound HTTP requests could be bypassed via DNS rebinding, allowing an attacker to coerce the Ghost server into reaching hosts on internal networks through features that issue external fetches. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.21.1.
Severity
4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/TryGhost/Ghost/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
Phases: Implementation, Architecture and Design
Description:
- If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.