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CWE-113
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
The product receives data from an HTTP agent/component (e.g., web server, proxy, browser, etc.), but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CR and LF characters before the data is included in outgoing HTTP headers.
CVE-2026-27810 (GCVE-0-2026-27810)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-27 19:44 – Updated: 2026-03-02 12:53
VLAI
Title
calibre Vulnerable to HTTP Response Header Injection
Summary
calibre is a cross-platform e-book manager for viewing, converting, editing, and cataloging e-books. Prior to version 9.4.0, an HTTP Response Header Injection vulnerability in the calibre Content Server allows any authenticated user to inject arbitrary HTTP headers into server responses via an unsanitized `content_disposition` query parameter in the `/get/` and `/data-files/get/` endpoints. All users running the calibre Content Server with authentication enabled are affected. The vulnerability is exploitable by any authenticated user and can also be triggered by tricking an authenticated victim into clicking a crafted link. Version 9.4.0 contains a fix for the issue.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/kovidgoyal/calibre/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| kovidgoyal | calibre |
Affected:
< 9.4.0
|
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CVE-2026-34514 (GCVE-0-2026-34514)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 20:09 – Updated: 2026-04-02 14:07
VLAI
Title
AIOHTTP: CRLF injection in multipart part content type header construction
Summary
AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, an attacker who controls the content_type parameter in aiohttp could use this to inject extra headers or similar exploits. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/commit/9a6ada… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-34519 (GCVE-0-2026-34519)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 20:26 – Updated: 2026-04-02 15:40
VLAI
Title
AIOHTTP: HTTP response splitting via \r in reason phrase
Summary
AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, an attacker who controls the reason parameter when creating a Response may be able to inject extra headers or similar exploits. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/commit/53b35a… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-34520 (GCVE-0-2026-34520)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 20:27 – Updated: 2026-04-04 03:13
VLAI
Title
AIOHTTP: C parser (llhttp) accepts null bytes and control characters in response header values - header injection / security bypass
Summary
AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, the C parser (the default for most installs) accepted null bytes and control characters in response headers. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
3 references
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|---|---|
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CVE-2026-34715 (GCVE-0-2026-34715)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-02 17:57 – Updated: 2026-04-03 16:00
VLAI
Title
ewe Has Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers (HTTP Request/Response Splitting)
Summary
ewe is a Gleam web server. Prior to version 3.0.6, the encode_headers function in src/ewe/internal/encoder.gleam directly interpolates response header keys and values into raw HTTP bytes without validating or stripping CRLF (\r\n) sequences. An application that passes user-controlled data into response headers (e.g., setting a Location redirect header from a request parameter) allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP response content, leading to response splitting, cache poisoning, and possible cross-site scripting. Notably, ewe does validate CRLF in incoming request headers via validate_field_value() in the HTTP/1.1 parser — but provides no equivalent protection for outgoing response headers in the encoder. This issue has been patched in version 3.0.6.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/commit/ce4ff21… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/releases/tag/v3.0.6 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vshakitskiy | ewe |
Affected:
< 3.0.6
|
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CVE-2026-34767 (GCVE-0-2026-34767)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-03 23:43 – Updated: 2026-04-06 19:07
VLAI
Title
Electron: HTTP Response Header Injection in custom protocol handlers and webRequest
Summary
Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to versions 38.8.6, 39.8.3, 40.8.3, and 41.0.3, apps that register custom protocol handlers via protocol.handle() / protocol.registerSchemesAsPrivileged() or modify response headers via webRequest.onHeadersReceived may be vulnerable to HTTP response header injection if attacker-controlled input is reflected into a response header name or value. An attacker who can influence a header value may be able to inject additional response headers, affecting cookies, content security policy, or cross-origin access controls. Apps that do not reflect external input into response headers are not affected. This issue has been patched in versions 38.8.6, 39.8.3, 40.8.3, and 41.0.3.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/electron/electron/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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CVE-2026-39971 (GCVE-0-2026-39971)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-14 23:35 – Updated: 2026-04-15 16:22
VLAI
Title
Serendipity: Host Header Injection leads to SMTP header injection via unvalidated HTTP_HOST
Summary
Serendipity is a PHP-powered weblog engine. In versions 2.6-beta2 and below, the email sending functionality in include/functions.inc.php inserts $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] directly into the Message-ID SMTP header without validation, and the existing sanitization function serendipity_isResponseClean() is not called on HTTP_HOST before embedding it. An attacker who can control the Host header during an email-triggering action such as comment notifications or subscription emails can inject arbitrary SMTP headers into outgoing emails. This enables identity spoofing, reply hijacking via manipulated Message-ID threading, and email reputation abuse through the attacker's domain being embedded in legitimate mail headers. This issue has been fixed in version 2.6.0.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/s9y/Serendipity/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/s9y/Serendipity/releases/tag/2.6.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| s9y | Serendipity |
Affected:
< 2.6.0
|
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CVE-2026-40175 (GCVE-0-2026-40175)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-10 19:23 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
Axios has Unrestricted Cloud Metadata Exfiltration via Header Injection Chain
Summary
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Versions prior to 1.15.0 and 0.3.1 are vulnerable to a specific gadget-style attack chain in which prototype pollution in a third-party dependency may be leveraged to inject unsanitized header values into outbound requests. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.0 and 0.3.1.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
- CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
- CWE-915 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes
Assigner
References
43 references
Impacted products
57 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| axios | axios |
Affected:
>= 1.0.0, < 1.15.0
Affected: < 0.31.0 |
|
| Siemens | gWAP |
Affected:
0 , < V3.1.1
(custom)
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_inside:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability (NETOBSERV) 1.11.2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1.11::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.15 |
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.15::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes 4.9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.9::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Discovery 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Migration Toolkit 1.8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhmt:1.8::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.20 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.20::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.21 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.21::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 2.6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:2.6::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.0 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6.18 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Streams for Apache Kafka 3.2.0 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.10 |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.10::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Applications 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_applications:8 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Pipelines |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_pipelines:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apicurio_registry:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop - Tech Preview |
cpe:/a:redhat:podman_desktop:0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:container_native_virtualization:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Profile Analyzer |
cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_profile_analyzer:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 10 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el10 cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform_developer:2.6::el10 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Gatekeeper 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:gatekeeper:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift |
cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Kueue |
cpe:/a:redhat:kueue_operator:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Self-service automation portal 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2 |
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CVE-2026-41683 (GCVE-0-2026-41683)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 15:27 – Updated: 2026-05-08 23:29
VLAI
Title
HTTP response splitting and DoS in i18next-http-middleware via unsanitised Content-Language header
Summary
i18next-http-middleware is a middleware to be used with Node.js web frameworks like express or Fastify and also for Deno. Prior to version 3.9.3, i18next-http-middleware wrote user-controlled language values into the Content-Language response header after passing them through utils.escape(), which is an HTML-entity encoder that does not strip carriage return, line feed, or other control characters. When the application used an older i18next (< 19.5.0) that still exercised the backward-compatibility fallback at LanguageDetector.js:100 or otherwise produced a raw detected value, CRLF sequences in the attacker-controlled lng parameter reached res.setHeader('Content-Language', ...) verbatim. This issue has been patched in version 3.9.3.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/i18next/i18next-http-middlewar… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| i18next | i18next-http-middleware |
Affected:
< 3.9.3
|
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CVE-2026-42035 (GCVE-0-2026-42035)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-24 17:38 – Updated: 2026-04-25 03:55
VLAI
Title
Axios: Header Injection via Prototype Pollution
Summary
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.1 and 0.31.1, a prototype pollution gadget exists in the Axios HTTP adapter (lib/adapters/http.js) that allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP headers into outgoing requests. The vulnerability exploits duck-type checking of the data payload, where if Object.prototype is polluted with getHeaders, append, pipe, on, once, and Symbol.toStringTag, Axios misidentifies any plain object payload as a FormData instance and calls the attacker-controlled getHeaders() function, merging the returned headers into the outgoing request. The vulnerable code resides exclusively in lib/adapters/http.js. The prototype pollution source does not need to originate from Axios itself — any prototype pollution primitive in any dependency in the application's dependency tree is sufficient to trigger this gadget. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.1 and 0.31.1.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Construct HTTP headers very carefully, avoiding the use of non-validated input data.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. If an input does not strictly conform to specifications, reject it or transform it into something that conforms.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation ID: MIT-30
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Description:
- Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
Mitigation ID: MIT-20
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-105: HTTP Request Splitting
['An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to split a single HTTP request into multiple unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-34: HTTP Response Splitting
['An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content, in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server) or into an already spoofed HTTP response from an adversary controlled domain/site.', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.