Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-98
AllowedImproper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
The PHP application receives input from an upstream component, but it does not restrict or incorrectly restricts the input before its usage in "require," "include," or similar functions.
2484 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2024-5455 (GCVE-0-2024-5455)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-21 03:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
The Plus Addons for Elementor – Elementor Addons, Page Templates, Widgets, Mega Menu, WooCommerce <= 5.5.6 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion
Summary
The Plus Addons for Elementor Page Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 5.5.4 via the 'magazine_style' parameter within the Dynamic Smart Showcase widget. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| posimyththemes | The Plus Addons for Elementor Page Builder Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.5.6
(semver)
|
|
| wordpress | plus_addon_for_elementor_page_builder |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.5.6
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:wordpress:plus_addon_for_elementor_page_builder:5.5.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-5431 (GCVE-0-2024-5431)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-25 05:41 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WPCafe – Online Food Ordering, Restaurant Menu, Delivery, and Reservations for WooCommerce <= 2.2.25 - Authenticated (Contributor+) File inclusion via Shortcode
Summary
The WPCafe – Online Food Ordering, Restaurant Menu, Delivery, and Reservations for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.25 via the reservation_extra_field shortcode parameter. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include remote files on the server, potentially resulting in code execution
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| arraytics | WPCafe – Restaurant Menu, Online Food Ordering & Table Booking System |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.2.25
(semver)
|
|
| themewinter | wpcafe |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.2.25
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:themewinter:wpcafe:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-5348 (GCVE-0-2024-5348)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-01 08:38 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Elements For Elementor <= 2.1 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion via Multiple Widget Attributes
Summary
The Elements For Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.1 via the 'beforeafter_layout' attribute of the beforeafter widget, the 'eventsgrid_layout' attribute of the eventsgrid and list widgets, the 'marquee_layout' attribute of the marquee widget, the 'postgrid_layout' attribute of the postgrid widget, the 'woocart_layout' attribute of the woocart widget, and the 'woogrid_layout' attribute of the woogrid widget. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nicdark | Elements For Elementor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.1
(semver)
|
|
| nicdark | elements_for_elementor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.1
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:nicdark:elements_for_elementor:0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-5345 (GCVE-0-2024-5345)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-31 02:41 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Responsive Owl Carousel for Elementor <= 1.2.0 - Local File Inclusion
Summary
The Responsive Owl Carousel for Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.0 via the layout parameter. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included. The inclusion is limited to PHP files.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thenahidul | Responsive Owl Carousel for Elementor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.2.0
(semver)
|
|
| thenahidul | responsive_owl_carousel_for_elementor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.2.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:thenahidul:responsive_owl_carousel_for_elementor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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"vendor": "thenahidul",
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CVE-2024-4936 (GCVE-0-2024-4936)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-14 04:36 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Canto <= 3.0.8 - Unauthenticated Remote File Inclusion
Summary
The Canto plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 3.0.8 via the abspath parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include remote files on the server, resulting in code execution. This required allow_url_include to be enabled on the target site in order to exploit.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| flightbycanto | Canto |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.0.8
(semver)
|
|
| canto | canto |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.0.8
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:canto:canto:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-4887 (GCVE-0-2024-4887)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-07 03:21 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Qi Addons For Elementor <= 1.7.2 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion
Summary
The Qi Addons For Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.2 via the 'behavior' attributes found in the qi_addons_for_elementor_blog_list shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included. Please note that this requires an attacker to create a non-existent directory or target an instance where file_exists won't return false with a non-existent directory in the path, in order to successfully exploit.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| qodeinteractive | Qi Addons For Elementor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.7.2
(semver)
|
|
| qodeinteractive | qi_addons_for_elementor |
Affected:
1.0 , ≤ 1.7.2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:qodeinteractive:qi_addons_for_elementor:1.0:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-4670 (GCVE-0-2024-4670)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-15 12:46 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
All-in-One Video Gallery <= 3.6.5 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Local File Inclusion via aiovg_search_form Shortcode
Summary
The All-in-One Video Gallery plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 3.6.5 via the aiovg_search_form shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| plugins360 | All-in-One Video Gallery |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.6.5
(semver)
|
|
| plugins360 | all-in-one_video_gallery |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.6.5
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:plugins360:all-in-one_video_gallery:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
{
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"vendor": "plugins360",
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CVE-2024-4551 (GCVE-0-2024-4551)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-15 08:42 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Video Gallery – YouTube Playlist, Channel Gallery by YotuWP <= 1.3.13 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Arbitrary File Inclusion via Shortcode
Summary
The Video Gallery – YouTube Playlist, Channel Gallery by YotuWP plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.13 via the display function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor access and higher, to include and execute arbitrary php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| yotuwp | Video Gallery – YouTube Playlist, Channel Gallery by YotuWP |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.3.13
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2024-4441 (GCVE-0-2024-4441)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-09 20:03 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
XML Sitemap & Google News <= 5.4.8 - Unauthenticated Local File Inclusion
Summary
The XML Sitemap & Google News plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 5.4.8 via the 'feed' parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where images and other “safe” file types can be uploaded and included.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ravanh | XML Sitemap & Google News |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.4.8
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2024-4359 (GCVE-0-2024-4359)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-09 04:29 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Element Pack Elementor Addons (Header Footer, Template Library, Dynamic Grid & Carousel, Remote Arrows) <= 5.7.2 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Arbitrary File Read
Summary
The Element Pack Elementor Addons (Header Footer, Template Library, Dynamic Grid & Carousel, Remote Arrows) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file reads in all versions up to, and including, 5.7.2 via the SVG widget and a lack of sufficient file validation in the render_svg function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to read the contents of arbitrary files on the server, which can contain sensitive information.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-98 - Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bdthemes | Element Pack – Widgets, Templates & Addons for Elementor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.7.2
(semver)
|
Credits
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Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation MIT-21.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent lists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-34
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation
Operation
Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Develop and run your code in the most recent versions of PHP available, preferably PHP 6 or later. Many of the highly risky features in earlier PHP interpreters have been removed, restricted, or disabled by default.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation
Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
- Often, programmers do not protect direct access to files intended only to be included by core programs. These include files may assume that critical variables have already been initialized by the calling program. As a result, the use of register_globals combined with the ability to directly access the include file may allow attackers to conduct file inclusion attacks. This remains an extremely common pattern as of 2009.
Mitigation
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Set allow_url_fopen to false, which limits the ability to include files from remote locations.
CAPEC-193: PHP Remote File Inclusion
In this pattern the adversary is able to load and execute arbitrary code remotely available from the application. This is usually accomplished through an insecurely configured PHP runtime environment and an improperly sanitized "include" or "require" call, which the user can then control to point to any web-accessible file. This allows adversaries to hijack the targeted application and force it to execute their own instructions.