Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-88
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
550 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-26310 (GCVE-0-2023-26310)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-09 06:13 – Updated: 2024-10-09 10:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Command Injection In OPPO Service
Summary
There is a command injection problem in the old version of the mobile phone backup app.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OPPO | OPPO Find X3 |
Affected:
ColorOS 12.3
|
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CVE-2023-6792 (GCVE-0-2023-6792)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-13 18:16 – Updated: 2024-10-08 14:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PAN-OS: OS Command Injection Vulnerability in the XML API
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability in the XML API of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software enables an authenticated API user to disrupt system processes and potentially execute arbitrary code with limited privileges on the firewall.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Palo Alto Networks | PAN-OS |
Affected:
8.1 , < 8.1.24
(custom)
Affected: 9.0 , < 9.0.17 (custom) Affected: 9.1 , < 9.1.15 (custom) Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.12 (custom) Affected: 10.1 , < 10.1.6 (custom) Unaffected: 10.2 , < All (custom) Unaffected: 11.0 , < All (custom) Unaffected: 11.1 , < All (custom) |
|
| Palo Alto Networks | Prisma Access |
Unaffected:
All
|
|
| Palo Alto Networks | Cloud NGFW |
Unaffected:
All
|
Date Public
2023-12-13 17:00
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CVE-2023-6634 (GCVE-0-2023-6634)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-11 08:32 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LearnPress <= 4.2.5.7 - Command Injection
Summary
The LearnPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Command Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.2.5.7 via the get_content function. This is due to the plugin making use of the call_user_func function with user input. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute any public function with one parameter, which could result in remote code execution.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thimpress | LearnPress – WordPress LMS Plugin for Create and Sell Online Courses |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.2.5.7
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2023-6269 (GCVE-0-2023-6269)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-05 07:35 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Argument injection vulnerability in Atos Unify OpenScape Session Border Controller, Atos Unify OpenScape Branch and Atos Unify OpenScape BCF
Summary
An argument injection vulnerability has been identified in the
administrative web interface of the Atos Unify OpenScape products "Session Border Controller" (SBC) and "Branch", before version V10 R3.4.0, and OpenScape "BCF" before versions V10R10.12.00 and V10R11.05.02. This allows an
unauthenticated attacker to gain root access to the appliance via SSH (scope change) and also bypass authentication for the administrative interface and gain
access as an arbitrary (administrative) user.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://networks.unify.com/security/advisories/OB… | vendor-advisory |
| https://r.sec-consult.com/unifyroot | third-party-advisory |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/16 | |
| http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/176194/Atos-… |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atos Unify | OpenScape Session Border Controller (SBC) |
Affected:
0 , < V10 R3.4.0
(semver)
|
|
| Atos Unify | OpenScape Branch |
Affected:
0 , < V10 R3.4.0
(semver)
|
|
| Atos Unify | OpenScape BCF |
Affected:
0 , < V10 R10.12.00
(semver)
Affected: 0 , < V10R 11.05.02 (semver) |
Date Public
2023-12-05 07:00
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CVE-2023-0633 (GCVE-0-2023-0633)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-25 15:32 – Updated: 2024-09-24 14:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
In Docker Desktop on Windows before 4.12.0 an argument injection to installer may result in LPE
Summary
In Docker Desktop on Windows before 4.12.0 an argument injection to installer may result in local privilege escalation (LPE).This issue affects Docker Desktop: before 4.12.0.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.docker.com/desktop/release-notes/#4120 | release-notes |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Docker Inc. | Docker Desktop |
Affected:
0 , < 4.12.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2022-09-01 10:00
Credits
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CVE-2022-47502 (GCVE-0-2022-47502)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-24 15:57 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache OpenOffice: Macro URL arbitrary script execution
Summary
Apache OpenOffice documents can contain links that call internal macros with arbitrary arguments. Several URI Schemes are defined for this purpose.
Links can be activated by clicks, or by automatic document events.
The execution of such links must be subject to user approval.
In the affected versions of OpenOffice, approval for certain links is not requested; when activated, such links could therefore result in arbitrary script execution.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache OpenOffice |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.1.13
(custom)
|
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CVE-2022-44731 (GCVE-0-2022-44731)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-13 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-21 13:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.15 (All versions < V3.15 P038), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.16 (All versions < V3.16 P035), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.17 (All versions < V3.17 P024), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.18 (All versions < V3.18 P014). The affected component allows to inject custom arguments to the Ultralight Client backend application under certain circumstances.
This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary parameters when starting the client via the web interface (e.g., open attacker chosen panels with the attacker's credentials or start a Ctrl script).
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.15 |
Affected:
All versions < V3.15 P038
|
|
| Siemens | SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.16 |
Affected:
All versions < V3.16 P035
|
|
| Siemens | SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.17 |
Affected:
All versions < V3.17 P024
|
|
| Siemens | SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.18 |
Affected:
All versions < V3.18 P014
|
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CVE-2022-40677 (GCVE-0-2022-40677)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-16 18:06 – Updated: 2024-10-23 14:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command ('argument injection') in Fortinet FortiNAC versions 9.4.0, 9.2.0 through 9.2.5, 9.1.0 through 9.1.7, 8.8.0 through 8.8.11, 8.7.0 through 8.7.6, 8.6.0 through 8.6.5, 8.5.0 through 8.5.4, 8.3.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted input parameters.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2022-36322 (GCVE-0-2022-36322)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-07-20 12:30 – Updated: 2024-08-03 10:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In JetBrains TeamCity before 2022.04.2 build parameter injection was possible
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Argument Injection or Modification
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2022-31749 (GCVE-0-2022-31749)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-27 23:28 – Updated: 2025-01-28 15:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authenticated arbitrary file read/write in WatchGuard Fireware OS
Summary
An argument injection vulnerability in the diagnose and import pac commands in WatchGuard Fireware OS before 12.8.1, 12.1.4, and 12.5.10 allows an authenticated remote attacker with unprivileged credentials to upload or read files to limited, arbitrary locations on WatchGuard Firebox and XTM appliances
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
0 , < 12.8.1
(custom)
Affected: 12.x , < 12.1.4 (custom) Affected: 12.2.x , < 12.5.x (custom) Affected: 12.5.10 (custom) |
Date Public
2022-06-23 16:00
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Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Parameterization
Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Mitigation
Implementation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
Mitigation
Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection
An adversary manipulates the content of request parameters for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some parameter encodings use text characters as separators. For example, parameters in a HTTP GET message are encoded as name-value pairs separated by an ampersand (&). If an attacker can supply text strings that are used to fill in these parameters, then they can inject special characters used in the encoding scheme to add or modify parameters. For example, if user input is fed directly into an HTTP GET request and the user provides the value "myInput&new_param=myValue", then the input parameter is set to myInput, but a new parameter (new_param) is also added with a value of myValue. This can significantly change the meaning of the query that is processed by the server. Any encoding scheme where parameters are identified and separated by text characters is potentially vulnerable to this attack - the HTTP GET encoding used above is just one example.
CAPEC-174: Flash Parameter Injection
An adversary takes advantage of improper data validation to inject malicious global parameters into a Flash file embedded within an HTML document. Flash files can leverage user-submitted data to configure the Flash document and access the embedding HTML document.
CAPEC-41: Using Meta-characters in E-mail Headers to Inject Malicious Payloads
This type of attack involves an attacker leveraging meta-characters in email headers to inject improper behavior into email programs. Email software has become increasingly sophisticated and feature-rich. In addition, email applications are ubiquitous and connected directly to the Web making them ideal targets to launch and propagate attacks. As the user demand for new functionality in email applications grows, they become more like browsers with complex rendering and plug in routines. As more email functionality is included and abstracted from the user, this creates opportunities for attackers. Virtually all email applications do not list email header information by default, however the email header contains valuable attacker vectors for the attacker to exploit particularly if the behavior of the email client application is known. Meta-characters are hidden from the user, but can contain scripts, enumerations, probes, and other attacks against the user's system.
CAPEC-460: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)
An adversary adds duplicate HTTP GET/POST parameters by injecting query string delimiters. Via HPP it may be possible to override existing hardcoded HTTP parameters, modify the application behaviors, access and, potentially exploit, uncontrollable variables, and bypass input validation checkpoints and WAF rules.
CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection
In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.