CWE-862
Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
14816 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C445-694V-CP45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-18 09:31 – Updated: 2025-09-08 12:30When Bazel Plugin in intellij imports a project (either using "import project" or "Auto import") the dialog for trusting the project is not displayed. This comes from the fact that both call the method ProjectBuilder.createProject which then calls ProjectManager.getInstance().createProject. This method, as its name suggests is intended to create a new project, not to import an existing one. We recommend upgrading to version 2024.06.04.0.2 or beyond for the IntelliJ, CLion and Android Studio Bazel plugins.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5899"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-18T09:15:09Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "When Bazel Plugin in intellij imports a project (either using \"import project\" or \"Auto import\") the dialog for trusting the project is not displayed.\u00a0This comes from the fact that both call the method ProjectBuilder.createProject\u00a0which then calls ProjectManager.getInstance().createProject. This method, as its name suggests is intended to create a new project, not to import an existing one.\u00a0\nWe recommend upgrading to version 2024.06.04.0.2 or beyond for the IntelliJ, CLion and Android Studio Bazel plugins.",
"id": "GHSA-c445-694v-cp45",
"modified": "2025-09-08T12:30:32Z",
"published": "2024-06-18T09:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bazelbuild/intellij/security/advisories/GHSA-hh9f-wmhw-46vg"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5899"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bazelbuild/intellij/releases/tag/v2024.06.04-aswb-stable"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-C453-36CX-PV4G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-04 12:31 – Updated: 2024-12-04 12:31In JetBrains YouTrack before 2024.3.51866 unauthenticated database backup download was possible via vulnerable query parameter
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54153"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-04T12:15:19Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "In JetBrains YouTrack before 2024.3.51866 unauthenticated database backup download was possible via vulnerable query parameter",
"id": "GHSA-c453-36cx-pv4g",
"modified": "2024-12-04T12:31:45Z",
"published": "2024-12-04T12:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C466-PGM8-C4P5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-24 12:31 – Updated: 2025-04-24 12:31Due to missing authorization an unauthenticated remote attacker can cause a DoS attack by connecting via HTTPS and triggering the shutdown button.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47662"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-24T10:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Due to missing authorization an unauthenticated remote attacker\u00a0can cause a DoS attack by connecting via HTTPS and triggering the shutdown button.",
"id": "GHSA-c466-pgm8-c4p5",
"modified": "2025-04-24T12:31:28Z",
"published": "2025-04-24T12:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351978921001657"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C48Q-HVJ2-46C7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-23 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:08POS Codekop v2.0 was discovered to contain an authenticated remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability via the filename parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-36348"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-23T20:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "POS Codekop v2.0 was discovered to contain an authenticated remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability via the filename parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-c48q-hvj2-46c7",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:08:45Z",
"published": "2023-06-23T21:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ge0zqY0sGiQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://yuyudhn.github.io/pos-codekop-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173278/POS-Codekop-2.0-Shell-Upload.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C49F-GHQ8-6MQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-10 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32The RapidLoad Power-Up for Autoptimize plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized cache modification due to a missing capability check on the attach_rule function in versions up to, and including, 1.7.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access to modify cache rules.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-1338"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-10T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The RapidLoad Power-Up for Autoptimize plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized cache modification due to a missing capability check on the attach_rule function in versions up to, and including, 1.7.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access to modify cache rules.",
"id": "GHSA-c49f-ghq8-6mq2",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:03Z",
"published": "2023-03-10T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1338"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2877726/unusedcss/trunk/includes/modules/unused-css/UnusedCSS_Admin.php?contextall=1\u0026old=2847136\u0026old_path=%2Funusedcss%2Ftrunk%2Fincludes%2Fmodules%2Funused-css%2FUnusedCSS_Admin.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/1bb55b22-a0d0-424f-8e4f-57d3f239c149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/1bb55b22-a0d0-424f-8e4f-57d3f239c149?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4C3-3CGH-VVRH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2023-10-27 16:28Jenkins requests-plugin Plugin 2.2.6 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.
This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to view the list of pending requests.
Jenkins requests-plugin Plugin 2.2.7 requires Overall/Administer permission to view the list of pending requests.
The previous sentence originally stated that Overall/Read permission was newly required. This statement was incorrect and has been fixed on 2021-07-05.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.2.6"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:requests"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21674"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-16T15:18:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-30T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins requests-plugin Plugin 2.2.6 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to view the list of pending requests.\n\nJenkins requests-plugin Plugin 2.2.7 requires Overall/Administer permission to view the list of pending requests.\n\nThe previous sentence originally stated that Overall/Read permission was newly required. This statement was incorrect and has been fixed on 2021-07-05.",
"id": "GHSA-c4c3-3cgh-vvrh",
"modified": "2023-10-27T16:28:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/requests-plugin/commit/eb8ae816bbe734203debe323c578adc41baac5f4"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/requests-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2021-06-30/#SECURITY-1995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/06/30/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Missing permission check in Jenkins requests-plugin Plugin allows viewing pending requests"
}
GHSA-C4G4-FG7Q-8P3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-29 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-29 18:31Elide through 7.1.17 fails to enforce @ReadPermission on client-supplied sort expressions in SortingImpl.getValidSortingRules, allowing attackers to sort collections by forbidden fields. Attackers can infer hidden field values through row ordering analysis, leaking relative field ordering across all rows via both JSON:API and GraphQL read paths.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-57954"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-29T18:16:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Elide through 7.1.17 fails to enforce @ReadPermission on client-supplied sort expressions in SortingImpl.getValidSortingRules, allowing attackers to sort collections by forbidden fields. Attackers can infer hidden field values through row ordering analysis, leaking relative field ordering across all rows via both JSON:API and GraphQL read paths.",
"id": "GHSA-c4g4-fg7q-8p3c",
"modified": "2026-06-29T18:31:56Z",
"published": "2026-06-29T18:31:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57954"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yahoo/elide/issues/3415"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/elide-permission-bypass-in-sort-expression-validation"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4H7-R924-5JG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-17 03:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:34The Gutenberg Essential Blocks – Page Builder for Gutenberg Blocks & Patterns plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing or incorrect capability checks on the get_instagram_access_token_callback, google_map_api_key_save_callback and get_siteinfo functions in all versions up to, and including, 5.7.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to view API keys configured for the external services.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11369"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-17T02:16:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Gutenberg Essential Blocks \u2013 Page Builder for Gutenberg Blocks \u0026 Patterns plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing or incorrect capability checks on the get_instagram_access_token_callback, google_map_api_key_save_callback and get_siteinfo functions in all versions up to, and including, 5.7.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to view API keys configured for the external services.",
"id": "GHSA-c4h7-r924-5jg8",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:34:01Z",
"published": "2025-12-17T03:30:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11369"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/essential-blocks/tags/5.7.0/includes/Integrations/GoogleMap.php#L50"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/essential-blocks/tags/5.7.0/includes/Integrations/Instagram.php#L20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/essential-blocks/tags/5.7.0/includes/Integrations/OpenVerse.php#L108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://research.cleantalk.org/cve-2025-11369"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/7e5b1e90-53f7-4afc-9544-c36afe1ee813?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4J7-2CR9-CC3G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:13In the Zoom Client through 4.4.4 and RingCentral 7.0.136380.0312 on macOS, remote attackers can force a user to join a video call with the video camera active. This occurs because any web site can interact with the Zoom web server on localhost port 19421 or 19424. NOTE: a machine remains vulnerable if the Zoom Client was installed in the past and then uninstalled. Blocking exploitation requires additional steps, such as the ZDisableVideo preference and/or killing the web server, deleting the ~/.zoomus directory, and creating a ~/.zoomus plain file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-13450"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-09T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Zoom Client through 4.4.4 and RingCentral 7.0.136380.0312 on macOS, remote attackers can force a user to join a video call with the video camera active. This occurs because any web site can interact with the Zoom web server on localhost port 19421 or 19424. NOTE: a machine remains vulnerable if the Zoom Client was installed in the past and then uninstalled. Blocking exploitation requires additional steps, such as the ZDisableVideo preference and/or killing the web server, deleting the ~/.zoomus directory, and creating a ~/.zoomus plain file.",
"id": "GHSA-c4j7-2cr9-cc3g",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:13:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:49:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13450"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://assets.zoom.us/docs/pdf/Zoom+Response+Video-On+Vulnerability.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.zoom.us/wordpress/2019/07/08/response-to-video-on-concern"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=951540"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/%40jonathan.leitschuh/zoom-zero-day-4-million-webcams-maybe-an-rce-just-get-them-to-visit-your-website-ac75c83f4ef5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@jonathan.leitschuh/zoom-zero-day-4-million-webcams-maybe-an-rce-just-get-them-to-visit-your-website-ac75c83f4ef5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20387298"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/moreati/status/1148548799813640193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/zoom_us/status/1148710712241295361"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/109082"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4QM-58HJ-J6PJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-17 21:47 – Updated: 2026-05-08 01:32Summary
Browser snapshot and screenshot routes could expose internal page content after navigation.
Affected Packages / Versions
- Package:
openclaw - Ecosystem: npm
- Affected versions:
< 2026.4.14 - Patched versions:
>= 2026.4.14
Impact
Authenticated browser tool callers could use snapshot, screenshot, or tab routes that did not consistently validate the final browser target after route-driven navigation. In restrictive browser SSRF configurations this could expose content from internal or otherwise disallowed pages.
Technical Details
The fix re-checks browser snapshot, screenshot, and tab route results against the configured browser SSRF policy before returning page content. Regression coverage was added around snapshot/screenshot and tab-route flows.
Fix
The issue was fixed in #66040. The first stable tag containing the fix is v2026.4.14, and openclaw@2026.4.14 includes the fix.
Fix Commit(s)
b75ad800a59009fc47eaa3471410f69046150e59- PR: #66040
Release Process Note
Users should upgrade to openclaw 2026.4.14 or newer. The latest npm release, 2026.4.14, already includes the fix.
Credits
Thanks to @zsxsoft, with sponsorship from @KeenSecurityLab and @qclawer for reporting this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.4.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42436"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862",
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-17T21:47:36Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-05T12:16:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nBrowser snapshot and screenshot routes could expose internal page content after navigation.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw`\n- Ecosystem: npm\n- Affected versions: `\u003c 2026.4.14`\n- Patched versions: `\u003e= 2026.4.14`\n\n## Impact\n\nAuthenticated browser tool callers could use snapshot, screenshot, or tab routes that did not consistently validate the final browser target after route-driven navigation. In restrictive browser SSRF configurations this could expose content from internal or otherwise disallowed pages.\n\n## Technical Details\n\nThe fix re-checks browser snapshot, screenshot, and tab route results against the configured browser SSRF policy before returning page content. Regression coverage was added around snapshot/screenshot and tab-route flows.\n\n## Fix\n\nThe issue was fixed in #66040. The first stable tag containing the fix is `v2026.4.14`, and `openclaw@2026.4.14` includes the fix.\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `b75ad800a59009fc47eaa3471410f69046150e59`\n- PR: #66040\n\n## Release Process Note\n\nUsers should upgrade to `openclaw` 2026.4.14 or newer. The latest npm release, `2026.4.14`, already includes the fix.\n\n## Credits\n\nThanks to @zsxsoft, with sponsorship from @KeenSecurityLab and @qclawer for reporting this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-c4qm-58hj-j6pj",
"modified": "2026-05-08T01:32:06Z",
"published": "2026-04-17T21:47:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-c4qm-58hj-j6pj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/pull/66040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/b75ad800a59009fc47eaa3471410f69046150e59"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-internal-page-content-exposure-via-browser-snapshot-and-screenshot-routes"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: Browser snapshot and screenshot routes could expose internal page content after navigation"
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.