Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14602 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8RWJ-G494-3QP6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-29 09:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in StylemixThemes MasterStudy LMS Pro masterstudy-lms-learning-management-system-pro allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects MasterStudy LMS Pro: from n/a through < 4.7.16.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-64212"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-29T09:15:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in StylemixThemes MasterStudy LMS Pro masterstudy-lms-learning-management-system-pro allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects MasterStudy LMS Pro: from n/a through \u003c 4.7.16.",
  "id": "GHSA-8rwj-g494-3qp6",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:41Z",
  "published": "2025-10-29T09:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64212"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/masterstudy-lms-learning-management-system-pro/vulnerability/wordpress-masterstudy-lms-pro-plugin-4-7-16-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/masterstudy-lms-learning-management-system-pro/vulnerability/wordpress-masterstudy-lms-pro-plugin-4-7-16-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/masterstudy-lms-learning-management-system-pro/vulnerability/wordpress-masterstudy-lms-pro-plugin-4-7-16-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8RWQ-PVXH-VJ87

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-03 03:34 – Updated: 2026-07-03 03:34
VLAI
Details

The weDocs: AI Powered Knowledge Base, Docs, Documentation, Wiki & AI Chatbot plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to and including 2.3.0. This is due to a missing capability check on the do_migration() function registered as the wedocs_migrate_betterdocs_to_wedocs AJAX action, which performs no nonce verification via check_ajax_referer() and no capability check via current_user_can() before executing sensitive operations. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to trigger a full BetterDocs-to-weDocs data migration, creating and modifying 'docs' custom post type entries with attacker-controlled titles, updating site options, and deactivating the BetterDocs and BetterDocs Pro plugins via deactivate_plugins().

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-12729"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-03T02:16:22Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The weDocs: AI Powered Knowledge Base, Docs, Documentation, Wiki \u0026 AI Chatbot plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to and including 2.3.0. This is due to a missing capability check on the do_migration() function registered as the wedocs_migrate_betterdocs_to_wedocs AJAX action, which performs no nonce verification via check_ajax_referer() and no capability check via current_user_can() before executing sensitive operations. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to trigger a full BetterDocs-to-weDocs data migration, creating and modifying \u0027docs\u0027 custom post type entries with attacker-controlled titles, updating site options, and deactivating the BetterDocs and BetterDocs Pro plugins via deactivate_plugins().",
  "id": "GHSA-8rwq-pvxh-vj87",
  "modified": "2026-07-03T03:34:13Z",
  "published": "2026-07-03T03:34:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12729"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wedocs/tags/2.3.0/includes/Admin/Migrate.php#L183"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wedocs/tags/2.3.0/includes/Admin/Migrate.php#L206"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wedocs/tags/2.3.0/includes/Admin/Migrate.php#L56"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wedocs/tags/2.3.0/includes/Ajax.php#L39"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3589430%40wedocs\u0026new=3589430%40wedocs\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/228d63a5-5053-4692-9801-4860325da153?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V3M-977J-9XCW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-23 15:33
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Inactive Logout Inactive Logout allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Inactive Logout: from n/a through 3.2.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-44142"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:26Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Inactive Logout Inactive Logout allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Inactive Logout: from n/a through 3.2.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v3m-977j-9xcw",
  "modified": "2026-04-23T15:33:54Z",
  "published": "2024-12-13T15:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44142"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/inactive-logout/vulnerability/wordpress-inactive-logout-plugin-3-2-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V46-F2RH-PFMP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-14 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:34
VLAI
Details

The Aplazo Payment Gateway plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the check_success_response() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.2. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to set any WooCommerce order to pending payment status.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15512"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-14T07:16:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Aplazo Payment Gateway plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the check_success_response() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.2. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to set any WooCommerce order to `pending payment` status.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v46-f2rh-pfmp",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:34:02Z",
  "published": "2026-01-14T09:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15512"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/aplazo-payment-gateway/tags/1.4.2/includes/module/class-aplazo-module.php#L206"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3457434%40aplazo-payment-gateway\u0026new=3457434%40aplazo-payment-gateway\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/97b327cc-7a72-4cc3-a4db-a693469f6917?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V62-X5CP-8HX4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-31 12:31 – Updated: 2024-07-31 12:31
VLAI
Details

The Tainacan plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the 'get_file' function in all versions up to, and including, 0.21.7. The function is also vulnerable to directory traversal. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to read the contents of arbitrary files on the server, which can contain sensitive information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-7135"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-31T11:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Tainacan plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the \u0027get_file\u0027 function in all versions up to, and including, 0.21.7. The function is also vulnerable to directory traversal. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to read the contents of arbitrary files on the server, which can contain sensitive information.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v62-x5cp-8hx4",
  "modified": "2024-07-31T12:31:48Z",
  "published": "2024-07-31T12:31:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7135"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tainacan/trunk/classes/api/endpoints/class-tainacan-rest-background-processes-controller.php#L370"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tainacan/trunk/classes/api/endpoints/class-tainacan-rest-background-processes-controller.php#L378"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3127693"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e4dd0c6a-75af-4b53-ac13-fc4ef0e9001d?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V69-X7HJ-JWGG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-21 21:30 – Updated: 2024-10-21 21:30
VLAI
Details

In Minecraft mod "Command Block IDE" up to and including version 0.4.9, a missing authorization (CWE-862) allows any user to modify "function" files used by the game when installed on a dedicated server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-48645"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-21T20:15:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Minecraft mod \"Command Block IDE\" up to and including version 0.4.9, a missing authorization (CWE-862) allows any user to modify \"function\" files used by the game when installed on a dedicated server.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v69-x7hj-jwgg",
  "modified": "2024-10-21T21:30:53Z",
  "published": "2024-10-21T21:30:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48645"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/arm32x/command-block-ide/commit/42e09840168d9c2fe2ee07f4472d296000b2a416"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/apple502j/f083fbe21a7cfe018036c73a0e5fff9a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://modrinth.com/mod/command-block-ide/version/0.4.10"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V6H-RQPF-74X5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-13 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:33
VLAI
Details

The Popup Builder (Easy Notify Lite) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the easynotify_cp_reset() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.37. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to reset plugin settings to their default values.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-14446"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-13T16:16:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Popup Builder (Easy Notify Lite) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the easynotify_cp_reset() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.37. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to reset plugin settings to their default values.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v6h-rqpf-74x5",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T21:33:09Z",
  "published": "2025-12-13T18:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14446"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-notify-lite/tags/1.1.37/inc/functions/enoty-functions.php#L304"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-notify-lite/trunk/inc/functions/enoty-functions.php#L304"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3418678"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f67ab0cf-340d-4234-a857-1883f91c3ab6?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V8H-P6W6-3PWH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-03 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Surfer Surfer allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Surfer: from n/a through 1.6.4.574.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58603"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-03T15:15:41Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Surfer Surfer allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Surfer: from n/a through 1.6.4.574.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v8h-p6w6-3pwh",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:02Z",
  "published": "2025-09-03T15:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58603"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/surferseo/vulnerability/wordpress-surfer-plugin-1-6-4-574-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8V8J-3HXP-93WR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-28 00:31 – Updated: 2026-05-06 18:54
VLAI
Summary
Spring Boot's default security filter chain has no authorization rule with Actuator but without Health
Details

In certain circumstances, Spring Boot's default web security is ineffective allowing unauthorized access to all endpoints. For an application to be vulnerable, it must: be a servlet-based web application; have no Spring Security configuration of its own and rely on the default web security filter chain; depend on spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure; not depend on spring-boot-health. If any of the above does not apply, the application is not vulnerable.

Affected: Spring Boot 4.0.0–4.0.5; upgrade to 4.0.6 or later per vendor advisory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-40976"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-06T18:54:08Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-28T00:16:24Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In certain circumstances, Spring Boot\u0027s default web security is ineffective allowing unauthorized access to all endpoints. For an application to be vulnerable, it must: be a servlet-based web application; have no Spring Security configuration of its own and rely on the default web security filter chain; depend on spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure; not depend on spring-boot-health. If any of the above does not apply, the application is not vulnerable.\n\nAffected: Spring Boot 4.0.0\u20134.0.5; upgrade to 4.0.6 or later per vendor advisory.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v8j-3hxp-93wr",
  "modified": "2026-05-06T18:54:08Z",
  "published": "2026-04-28T00:31:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40976"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40976"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Spring Boot\u0027s default security filter chain has no authorization rule with Actuator but without Health"
}

GHSA-8V8R-FXC3-2HJF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-19 21:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPDeveloper NotificationX notificationx allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects NotificationX: from n/a through <= 3.2.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27042"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-19T09:16:26Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WPDeveloper NotificationX notificationx allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects NotificationX: from n/a through \u003c= 3.2.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v8r-fxc3-2hjf",
  "modified": "2026-02-19T21:30:46Z",
  "published": "2026-02-19T18:31:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27042"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/notificationx/vulnerability/wordpress-notificationx-plugin-3-2-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.