Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14599 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8PJ7-RR49-2C47

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-17 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-17 09:31
VLAI
Details

The Canto plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to and including 3.1.1. This is due to the absence of any capability check or nonce verification in the updateOptions() function, which is exposed via two AJAX hooks: wp_ajax_updateOptions (class-canto.php line 231) and wp_ajax_fbc_updateOptions (class-canto-settings.php line 76). Both hooks are registered exclusively under the wp_ajax_ prefix (requiring only a logged-in user), with no call to current_user_can() or check_ajax_referer(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access and above to arbitrarily modify or delete plugin options controlling cron scheduling behavior (fbc_duplicates, fbc_cron, fbc_schedule, fbc_cron_time_day, fbc_cron_time_hour, fbc_cron_start) and to manipulate or clear the plugin's scheduled WordPress cron event (fbc_scheduled_update).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-6441"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-17T07:16:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Canto plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to and including 3.1.1. This is due to the absence of any capability check or nonce verification in the updateOptions() function, which is exposed via two AJAX hooks: wp_ajax_updateOptions (class-canto.php line 231) and wp_ajax_fbc_updateOptions (class-canto-settings.php line 76). Both hooks are registered exclusively under the wp_ajax_ prefix (requiring only a logged-in user), with no call to current_user_can() or check_ajax_referer(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access and above to arbitrarily modify or delete plugin options controlling cron scheduling behavior (fbc_duplicates, fbc_cron, fbc_schedule, fbc_cron_time_day, fbc_cron_time_hour, fbc_cron_start) and to manipulate or clear the plugin\u0027s scheduled WordPress cron event (fbc_scheduled_update).",
  "id": "GHSA-8pj7-rr49-2c47",
  "modified": "2026-04-17T09:31:17Z",
  "published": "2026-04-17T09:31:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/canto/tags/3.1.1/includes/class-canto-settings.php#L603"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/canto/tags/3.1.1/includes/class-canto.php#L231"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/canto/tags/3.1.1/includes/class-canto.php#L572"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/canto/trunk/includes/class-canto-settings.php#L603"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/canto/trunk/includes/class-canto.php#L231"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/canto/trunk/includes/class-canto.php#L572"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c1a0200f-9861-4eca-adbf-d458eb6b4e63?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PMC-H6VJ-J676

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-30 12:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in BoldGrid weForms weforms allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects weForms: from n/a through <= 1.6.25.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69028"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-30T11:16:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in BoldGrid weForms weforms allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects weForms: from n/a through \u003c= 1.6.25.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pmc-h6vj-j676",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:46Z",
  "published": "2025-12-30T12:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69028"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/weforms/vulnerability/wordpress-weforms-plugin-1-6-25-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/weforms/vulnerability/wordpress-weforms-plugin-1-6-25-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PP9-4RX5-VP8J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-12 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:02
VLAI
Details

In DMService, there is a possible missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-30916"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-12T09:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In DMService, there is a possible missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pp9-4rx5-vp8j",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:02:27Z",
  "published": "2023-07-12T09:30:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30916"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1676902764208259073"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PPV-64CQ-C7JH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-08 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in DOTonPAPER Pinpoint Booking System booking-system allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Pinpoint Booking System: from n/a through <= 2.9.9.6.5.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-39678"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-08T09:16:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in DOTonPAPER Pinpoint Booking System booking-system allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Pinpoint Booking System: from n/a through \u003c= 2.9.9.6.5.",
  "id": "GHSA-8ppv-64cq-c7jh",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:34:06Z",
  "published": "2026-04-08T09:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-39678"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/booking-system/vulnerability/wordpress-pinpoint-booking-system-plugin-2-9-9-6-5-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PQR-X5VX-FGPJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-09 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-09 19:02
VLAI
Details

In AlwaysOnHotwordDetector of AlwaysOnHotwordDetector.java, there is a possible way to access the microphone from the background due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11Android ID: A-229793943

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20446"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-08T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "In AlwaysOnHotwordDetector of AlwaysOnHotwordDetector.java, there is a possible way to access the microphone from the background due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11Android ID: A-229793943",
  "id": "GHSA-8pqr-x5vx-fgpj",
  "modified": "2022-11-09T19:02:24Z",
  "published": "2022-11-09T12:00:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20446"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2022-11-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PV9-QH96-9HC6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-07 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-25 20:03
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint
Details

Jenkins 2.470 and earlier, LTS 2.452.3 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.

This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to access other users' "My Views". Attackers with global View/Configure and View/Delete permissions are also able to change other users' "My Views".

Jenkins 2.471, LTS 2.452.4, LTS 2.462.1 restricts access to a user’s "My Views" to the owning user and administrators.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.452.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.460"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.462.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.470"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.471"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43045"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-285",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-07T18:26:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-07T14:15:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins 2.470 and earlier, LTS 2.452.3 and earlier does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to access other users\u0027 \"My Views\". Attackers with global View/Configure and View/Delete permissions are also able to change other users\u0027 \"My Views\".\n\nJenkins 2.471, LTS 2.452.4, LTS 2.462.1 restricts access to a user\u2019s \"My Views\" to the owning user and administrators.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pv9-qh96-9hc6",
  "modified": "2025-03-25T20:03:48Z",
  "published": "2024-08-07T15:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/0c13259cebc6a780fee7825838f4dd98ece8e68a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/3752f406bfef764e4954238acf44343169ae5799"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/efece77d759b38c95b39b191051a8203bbc2f428"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2024-08-07/#SECURITY-3349"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins does not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint"
}

GHSA-8PVW-FCJR-8G6P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-23 06:32 – Updated: 2024-11-23 06:32
VLAI
Details

The WP User Manager – User Profile Builder & Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the 'add_sidebar' and 'remove_sidebar' functions in all versions up to, and including, 2.9.11. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to add or remove a Carbon Fields custom sidebar if the Carbon Fields (carbon-fields) plugin is installed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10216"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-23T04:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The WP User Manager \u2013 User Profile Builder \u0026 Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the \u0027add_sidebar\u0027 and \u0027remove_sidebar\u0027 functions in all versions up to, and including, 2.9.11. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to add or remove a Carbon Fields custom sidebar if the Carbon Fields (carbon-fields) plugin is installed.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pvw-fcjr-8g6p",
  "modified": "2024-11-23T06:32:46Z",
  "published": "2024-11-23T06:32:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10216"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-user-manager/trunk/vendor-dist/htmlburger/carbon-fields/core/Libraries/Sidebar_Manager/Sidebar_Manager.php#L102"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-user-manager/trunk/vendor-dist/htmlburger/carbon-fields/core/Libraries/Sidebar_Manager/Sidebar_Manager.php#L79"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3194404/wp-user-manager/trunk/includes/class-wp-user-manager.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/3ab4e9c6-68b0-4113-bff0-c1d3c2d3dea4?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PXQ-PW5M-8Q7X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 00:31 – Updated: 2026-04-14 00:31
VLAI
Details

Due to missing authorization checks in the SAP S/4HANA backend OData Service (Manage Reference Structures), an attacker could update and delete child entities via exposed OData services without proper authorization. This vulnerability has a high impact on integrity, while confidentiality and availability are not impacted.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27678"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T00:16:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Due to missing authorization checks in the SAP S/4HANA backend OData Service (Manage Reference Structures), an attacker could update and delete child entities via exposed OData services without proper authorization. This vulnerability has a high impact on integrity, while confidentiality and availability are not impacted.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pxq-pw5m-8q7x",
  "modified": "2026-04-14T00:31:13Z",
  "published": "2026-04-14T00:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27678"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3715177"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PXX-F34X-F793

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-28 00:30 – Updated: 2024-01-04 21:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in simplemobiletools Simple Dialer 5.18.1 allows an attacker to bypass intended access restrictions via interaction with com.simplemobiletools.dialer.activities.DialerActivity.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-49003"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-27T22:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue in simplemobiletools Simple Dialer 5.18.1 allows an attacker to bypass intended access restrictions via interaction with com.simplemobiletools.dialer.activities.DialerActivity.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pxx-f34x-f793",
  "modified": "2024-01-04T21:30:23Z",
  "published": "2023-12-28T00:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/actuator/com.simplemobiletools.dialer/blob/main/CWE-928.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/actuator/cve/blob/main/CVE-2023-49003"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8Q2C-V8F4-4HP8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Miguel Fuentes Payment QR WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Payment QR WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.1.6.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-31000"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T13:15:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Miguel Fuentes Payment QR WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Payment QR WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.1.6.",
  "id": "GHSA-8q2c-v8f4-4hp8",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:20Z",
  "published": "2025-06-06T15:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/payment-qr-woo/vulnerability/wordpress-payment-qr-woocommerce-1-1-6-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.